3637. kalam
Lexical Summary
kalam: to be humiliated
Original Word: כָּלַם
Transliteration: kalam
Phonetic Spelling: (kaw-lawm')
Part of Speech: Verb
Short Definition: to be humiliated
Meaning: to wound, to taunt, insult
Strong's Concordance
be make ashamed, blush, be confounded, be put to confusion, hurt, reproach

A primitive root; properly, to wound; but only figuratively, to taunt or insult -- be (make) ashamed, blush, be confounded, be put to confusion, hurt, reproach, (do, put to) shame.

Brown-Driver-Briggs

H3637. kalam

[כָּלַם‎] verb only

Niph`al, Hoph`al be humiliated,

Hiph`il humiliate (Late Hebrew Hiph`il, id.; Aramaic כְּלַם‎ Aph`el, Ithpe`el; Arabic is wound; also speak to, converse with); —

Niph`al Perfect2feminine singular וְנִכְלַמְתְּ‎ consecutive Jeremiah 22:22 2t.; 1 singular נִכְלַמְתִּי31:19; Ezra 9:6, נִכְלָ֑מְתִּיIsaiah 50:7; 3plural נִכְלְמוּ45:16 2t.; Imperfect3feminine singular תִּכָּלֵםNumbers 12:14; 2feminine singular תִּכָּֽלְמִיIsaiah 54:4; 3masculine plural יִכָּֽלְמוּ41:11 5t.; 2 masculine plural תִּכָּֽלְמוּ45:17; Imperative masculine plural הִכָּֽלְמוּEzekiel 36:32; Infinitive construct הִכָּלֵםJeremiah 3:3; 8:12; Participle נִכְלָםPsalm 74:21; masculine plural נִכְלָמִים2 Samuel 10:5 2t.; feminine plural נִכְלָמוֺתEzekiel 16:27>; — be humiliated, ashamed, put to shame, dishonoured, confounded:

1 be humiliated, ashamed, before men Numbers 12:14 (E), 2 Samuel 10:5 = 1 Chronicles 19:5; 2 Samuel 19:4, compare Psalm 74:21; before enemies (by defeat, etc.) Isaiah 45:17 ("" בושׁ‎), 50:7; 54:4 ("" חפר בושׁ,‎); before God, followed by לְ‎ infinitive, אֵלֶיךָ מָּנַי לְהָרִים אֱלֹהַי וְנִכְלַמְתִּיEzra 9:6 ("" בושׁ‎); Jeremiah 3:3; Ezekiel 16:27, 54 ("" כְלִמָּה נָשָׂא‎), 43:10-11, (all + מִן‎ causative) 16:61, so probably Levites, at Hezekiah's reforms 2 Chronicles 30:5.

2 be put to shame, dishonoured, confounded, by judgments of ׳י‎, all "" בושׁ‎: Jeremiah 22:22 (מִן‎ of cause), Ezekiel 36:32 (id.), Jeremiah 31:19 (כִּי‎ of cause), 8:12; Isaiah 41:11; 45:16 (+ בַּכְּלִמָּה הָלַךְ‎), Psalm 35:4; 69:7; + חפר40:15; 70:3.

Hiph`il Perfect3masculine singular suffix הִכְּלִמוֺ1 Samuel 20:34; 3masculine plural suffix הֶכְלַמְנוּם‎ (Ges§ 53, 3 R. 6) 25:7; Imperfect יַכְלִיםProverbs 28:7; 2masculine singular suffix וַתַּכְלִימֵנוּPsalm 44:10; 2masculine plural suffix תַּכְלִימוּנִיJob 19:3, מֿוּהָRuth 2:15; Infinitive construct הַכְלִיםJeremiah 6:15; Proverbs 25:8; Participle מַכְלִיםJudges 18:7 (but see below), מַכְלִםJob 11:3; —

1 put to shame = insult, humiliate, with accusative 1 Samuel 20:34; 25:7 (compare Hoph`al 25:15) Ruth 2:15; Job 19:3; humiliate by rebuke 11:3; humiliate by defeat Proverbs 25:8; Psalm 44:10; cause shame to Proverbs 28:7; — Judges 18:7 is corrupt (see Be VB GFM; Be proposes כלדֿבר מַחְסוֺר‎ there was no lack of anything, for ד ׳מַכְלִים ᵑ0‎; GFM conjectures מִדָּבָר מְכַלֵּאthere is no one to restrain (us) from anything in the land).

2 exhibit shame Jeremiah 6:15 ("" בוֺשׁ‎).

Hoph`al Perfect

11plural הָכְלַמְנוּ לֹא1 Samuel 25:15 we were not insulted, humiliated (compare Hiph`il 1).

23plural חָכְלְמוּJeremiah 14:3 they were put to shame, dishonoured, confounded ("" בושׁ‎).








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