Cochin Hebrew Revelation
The Scroll of
Mysteries
English Translation with Hebrew Transcription, Manuscript Images,
Interlinear Tables, And Commentary
Second Edition
Janice F. Baca,
Hebrew Grammarian and Translator
Page 2 of 383
The Scroll of Mysteries: Cochin Hebrew Revelation
MS Oo.1.16.2 English Translation
Janice F. Baca
Hebrew Grammarian and Translator
ISBN: 9798314278208
The Scroll of Mysteries Publication History:
Published May 20, 2024
Updated December 6, 2024
US Copyright Registration TX 9-457-485
Copyright © 2024 by Janice F. Baca
All rights reserved.
Page 3 of 383
Independently Published
ISBN: 9798314278208
Hondo, Texas 78861
©2024 by Janice F. Baca
All Rights Reserved. Published 2024
No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written
permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews.
For information contact:
janice@projectTruthMinistries.org
Cover art courtesy of Midjourneyfrom the Virtual Bible Snapshot Project.
For more information and terms, visit snapshots.vrbm.org.
Some of the Scriptures contained herein are translations by Janice F. Baca. Copyright ©2024. All
rights reserved.
Some of the Scriptures contained herein are from The Scriptures 2009,
Institute For Scripture
Research, South Africa
.
All images of the manuscripts were photographed and gifted by Kurt Sutton. The Cochin MS
Oo.1.16.2 is located and part of the Cambridge University Library, "Ktiv" Project, The National
Library of Israel.
1
1
Digitized version of the MS Oo.1.16.1 can be found on the following website:
https://www.nli.org.il/en/manuscripts/NNL_ALEPH990001401270205171/NLI#$FL221577210.
The Scroll of Mysteries: The Cochin
Revelation 1:3
INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................. 3
PERSONAL ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................ 9
LEGEND AND DEFINITIONS .......................................................................................................... 10
COCHIN REVELATION CHAPTER 1 ............................................................................................ 13
COCHIN REVELATION CHAPTER 2 ............................................................................................ 31
COCHIN REVELATION CHAPTER 3 ............................................................................................ 55
COCHIN REVELATION CHAPTER 4 ............................................................................................ 74
COCHIN REVELATION CHAPTER 5 ............................................................................................ 85
COCHIN REVELATION CHAPTER 6 ............................................................................................ 97
COCHIN REVELATION CHAPTER 7 .......................................................................................... 112
COCHIN REVELATION CHAPTER 8 .......................................................................................... 127
COCHIN REVELATION CHAPTER 9 .......................................................................................... 137
COCHIN REVELATION CHAPTER 10 ........................................................................................ 156
COCHIN REVELATION CHAPTER 11 ........................................................................................ 167
COCHIN REVELATION CHAPTER 12 ........................................................................................ 185
COCHIN REVELATION CHAPTER 13 ........................................................................................ 200
COCHIN REVELATION CHAPTER 14 ........................................................................................ 218
COCHIN REVELATION CHAPTER 15 ........................................................................................ 237
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COCHIN REVELATION CHAPTER 16 ....................................................................................... 245
COCHIN REVELATION CHAPTER 17 ....................................................................................... 261
COCHIN REVELATION CHAPTER 18 ....................................................................................... 278
COCHIN REVELATION CHAPTER 19 ....................................................................................... 297
COCHIN REVELATION CHAPTER 20 ....................................................................................... 315
COCHIN REVELATION CHAPTER 21 ....................................................................................... 329
COCHIN REVELATION CHAPTER 22 ....................................................................................... 351
REVELATION CHIASTIC STRUCTURE .................................................................................... 368
THE COVENANT WITH YEHOVAH ........................................................................................... 372
KETUBAH OF THE COVENANT AT MOUNT SINAI .............................................................. 375
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Introduction
Go and help uncover The Mysteries
to me over two years ago when I was invited to translate the Cochin Hebrew Revelation MS
Oo.1.16.2 (The Scroll of Mysteries). And the first time I saw the heading on the Manchester MS
Gaster 1616 image entitled תודסה The Mysteries. As you can imagine, I was awestruck. For this
reason, I share The Mysteries of Revelation and what could be the cleanest copy of the Hebrew
Revelation given by Yehovah to John through Yeshua Messiah,
to show to his servants what would soon happen.
What Is Included in The Scroll of Mysteries:
The Scroll of Mysteries contains the Cochin Hebrew Revelation MS Oo.1.16.2 images,
Hebrew transcription, English translation, interlinear tables, and the corresponding Greek and
Aramaic verses for comparison and commentary revealing the mysteries discovered within the
Hebrew grammar of the Cochin Hebrew Revelation. Additionally, I included the testimony of the
miraculous events of the covenant some of us made at Mount Sinai and steps on how you can join
in the covenant agreement with Yehovah. And in the back of the book is a copy of the Ketubah
(written covenant) for those who wish to join us in this covenant promise. For I believe this book
will be a key book for the survival of the servants of Yehovah in these end of days.
Comparative Analysis
The Cochin Hebrew Revelation MS Oo.1.16.2 (The Scroll of Mysteries) was copied from
an unknown source in Cochin, India, in 1730, and the MS Manchester Gaster 1616 MS was
MS Manchester Gaster 1616 manuscript was an exact copy of the Cochin MS Oo.1.16.2.
However, after evaluating more closely, the MS Manchester Gaster 1616 manuscript included
marginal notes and made various changes to align more closely with the Greek and is considered a
corrupted copy. It is for this reason, I did not include the original comparative analysis of the MS
Cochin MS Oo.1.16.2 and the MS Manchester Gaster 1616 MS in this book.
Cochin Hebrew Revelation MS Oo.1.16.2
The Cochin Hebrew Revelation MS Oo.1.16.2 (The Scroll of Mysteries) book provides not
only the English translation, but also the MS images, transcription, and interlinear tables for the
dedicated researcher. It is important to note that some have claimed that the Cochin Hebrew
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Revelation MS Oo.1.16.2 (The Scroll of Mysteries) is a translation from the Greek manuscript, but
with careful analysis it is determined to not be a translation.
More Details on The Cochin Manuscripts
The Cochin Hebrew Revelation MS Oo.1.16.2 (The Scroll of Mysteries) is part of a larger
collection of the New Testament collection MS Oo.1.32 gospels and writings, written in Hebrew
discovered in Cochin, India by Claudius Buchanan in 1803. The manuscripts were assembled,
collected, and possibly scribed by Ezekiel Rahabi II, the chief Jewish merchant of the Dutch East
India Company in Cochin, India. However, when comparing the manuscripts of the Cochin
Hebrew Revelation MS Oo.1.16.2 and the MS Oo.1.32 Gospel of Matthew, it is possible that
there were two different scribes in the writing of these manuscripts.
2
in the manuscript testify to a more complex history of
composition than attributable to any single author. The first part (which is believed to be Ra
handwriting) covers Matthew through Jude (ff. 1a131b) and is written in a Sephardic (Spanish)
cursive script, with the exception of Hebrews (ff. 90a b) being written in a smaller cursive, and
then followed by a third script covering Philippians to the end (ff. 132a160b), which Myron M.
Weinstein has argued belongs to the German immigrant David ben Isaac Cohen in Ashkenazic
3
Yet, it is important to consider that if Ezekiel Rahabi II scribed both the MS Oo.1.16.2
and MS Oo.1.32 manuscripts, Claudius Buchanan documented in his book, Christian research in
Asia, published in 1811,
4
the following statement written by Ezekiel Rahabi II in the cover of the
collection of the MS Oo.1.32:
Heaven is my witness that I have not translated this, God forefend, to believe it, but to
understand it and know how to answer the heretics . . . that our true Messiah will come. Amen.
Ezekiel Rahabi II
More About John
John was a Hebrew speaking Judean, according to the customs of the day,
5
and was
known to be ignorant according to Acts 4:13 and was documented by RH Charles
6
This information was taken into consideration when assessing the Cochin
Hebrew Revelation MS Oo.1.16.2 (The Scroll of Mysteries). It is important to note that there are
many spelling errors and most of those spelling errors are according to the tradition and custom of
the First Century Hebrew language with the influence of the Aramaic language. Additionally,
2
a complete NT save for Revelationwe distinguish the handwritings of no fewer than three
3
Gebhardt-Klein, M.A., Joseph. The Travancore-Cochin, India Manuscript of Ezekiel Raḥabi’s Rabbinical-Hebrew Matthew Text
and Translation
4
pp. 85-95.
5
Menashe, Camilo Ezagui. The Languages spoken in Judea during the First Century AD, p. 9.
6
Charles, R.H.
A critical and exegetical commentary on the Revelation of St. John.1920. p. xviii.
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verb tenses are incorrect, and some verses use the verb binyan that went extinct sometime
after the First Century.
Additionally, the Cochin Hebrew Revelation MS Oo.1.16.2 was more difficult to translate
due to the unstructured grammar, added pronouns, wrong pronouns, and improper word order.
The Hebrew and Aramaic language have significant differences in grammatical structure,
vocabulary, and usage. However, Hebrew has a relatively fixed word order, whereas Aramaic is
more flexible in its word order.
7
The Disciples of Yeshua
When the disciples were instructed to take the gospel to the world, two disciples, Thomas
and possibly later, Andrew,
However, the earliest information available about the Hebrew gospel is linked to the church
established by the apostle Thomas in India.
8
According to Eusebius, the Gospel according to
Eusebius, adding that Pantaenus brought the Hebrew Matthew with him on his return from India
to Alexandria.
9
Thomas traveled throughout India and was responsible for the establishment of churches
in the state of Travancore, where the city of Cochin is located. In 1803, Claudius Buchanan
discovered the Hebrew New Testament manuscripts in the synagogue of black Jews and
purchased them for his collection. These were later incorporated into the Moses Gaster collection,
which was added to the Rylands Library, and included the MS Oo.1.16.2 manuscript and is now
located at the Cambridge University Library in the United Kingdom.
The Cochin Hebrew Revelation Oo.1.16.2 (The Scroll of Mysteries):
The Cochin Hebrew Revelation MS Oo.1.16.2 was copied from an unknown source in
Cochin, India in 1730 using rabbinic script. The Hebrew grammar Of the Cochin Revelation is
Mishnaic Hebrew with Aramaisms. These are all important markers to consider when determining
the dating of the writing style according to the First Century. For in the First Century, after the
destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem - and for the following couple of centuries, Mishnaic
Hebrew was used and was also included in the Dead Sea Scrolls.
10,11
In the Cochin Hebrew New Testament there are a number of Hebrew terms and
Aramaisms represented in the Mishnah. A few examples of Mishnaic words in the Cochin New
Testament manuscripts verses identified below. In addition, there are Aramaisms and Persian
7
Aramaic: Its History, Development and Relationship to Biblical Hebrew. Chapter 2
8
Jones, Miles. R. Sons of Zion versus Sons of Greece: The Survival of the Hebrew Gospels and the Messianic Church, Volume 1,
2002. p. 166.
9
Edwards, James R. The Hebrew Gospel and the development of the synoptic tradition. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2009. p. 12.
10
Charey, Fritz. BibleReasons.com. website: https://biblereasons.com/hebrew-vs-aramaic/, 2024.
11
Late Second Temple Hebrew, the Dead Scrolls and Rabbinic Hebrew, Aramaisms. Israel Institute of Biblical Studies, Course E,
Lessons 23 to 30.
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loans words found in some of the Cochin New Testament manuscripts such as (igeret)
12
Bat Kol – () “voice of God:” Some are found in: Cochin Revelation 10:4, 10:8, 14:13. This
phrase is first found in Mishnah Yevamot 16:6.
Beit Din – “house of judgment” Some are found in: Cochin Matthew 5:21, 5:22, 10:17, James
2:2, 3:12). This phrase is first found in Mishnah Peah 2:6.
Liten – (
) “to give:” Some are found in: Cochin Revelation 2:17, 8:3, 11:18, 13:15, 15:4,
16:9, 16:19, 17:17, 19:7. This word is first found in the Mishnah Terumot 10:5.
Likach – (
) “to take:” Some found in: Cochin Revelation 4:11, 5:9, 6:4, and 1
st
John 3:5.
This word is first found in Mishnah Demai 4:5.
Leilek – (
) “to go, to walk” (Some found in: Cochin Revelation 9:20, 12:14, 15:8, 22:14,
Cochin James 4:13, and Cochin John 7:35. This word is first found in Mishnah Bava Kamma 1:1.
Igeret – () “letter.” This is a Persian loan word and is classic Second Temple (Found in:
Cochin James Introduction, Cochin Hebrews Introduction, Cochin 1
st
& 2
nd
Corinthians
introduction, Cochin Galatians introduction, Cochin Ephesians introduction, Cochin Philippians
Introduction, Cochin Colossians Introduction, Cochin 1
st
Thessalonians Introduction, Cochin 1
st
Timothy Introduction, Cochin Titus Introduction, Cochin Philemon Introduction, Cochin 1
st
Peter
introduction).
Anu (ונא): Paul uses the first common singular word
st
Corinthians
1:23,15:52, 3:18, 10:5, Romans 2:2, 5:8, and in Galatians 1:8. This word is first found in Jeremiah
42:6 and is frequently used in the Mishnah.
Transliteration of Names:
The names of each author of the Cochin Hebrew New Testament have various
transliterated is theorized to be because the manuscripts were used for educational purposes.
Cochin Hebrew Acts contains rabbinic Hebrew with Aramaisms, while 1st and 2nd Peter
name was transliterated as Petros. Additionally, 1st and 2nd Peter were written with rabbinic
abbreviations and uses the Biblical Hebrew word (zamar) as in 1st Peter 1:7. This is consistent
with the language the other verbiage Yet, it should be noted
that 1st and 2nd Peter have signs of being partially from Hebrew and partially a translation from
Greek, although this requires further analysis.
In the 1
st
2
nd
and 3
rd
John the author uses the word
Biblical Hebrew form
verses 5:10 and in 11:13. And it is also interesting to note that John of Revelation spells the word
12
Ibid. pp. 5
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-
consonants serving as vowel sounds) as (limod) in Revelation 2:14, 15, & 24. Whereas in the
writings of John in 2 John 2:27 spells .
Additionally, in 2 John 2:27 the same word is spelled as: this word is
spelled similar to the John of Revelation with the mater lectionis in 2 John 1:9 as
Additionally, in 1
st
John 3:5, he includes the Hebrew marker of Aramaism spellings of the
word: -kaf Aramaism suffix in the word (amitecha,
The Scroll of Mysteries MS
Oo.1.16.2 in Cochin Hebrew Revelation 4:11, 5:9, and 6:4.
writings are spelled differently and according to their writing styles, each appears to be different
people. In fact, in 1
st
John contains an introductory line written above the paragraph number
written, "of Yahannis," and spelled as (Yahannis) and could be an insert as this is not part
of the text body. Then the author of Revelation introduces himself as which is also
pronounced as Yahannis but spell a little different than the writings of 1
st
, 2
nd
, 3
rd
John. Also, in
John 1:6, it says that there was a man sent from Elohim and introduced himself as (yohanan).
Therefore, it appears the Gospel of John, the 1st 2
nd
and 3
rd
John, and the John of Revelation all
appear to be different authors. But it should be noted that the Gospel of John has long been
contested as to its authorship as far back as c. 180 CE by Irenaeus.
In summary, the following writings contain some degree of Mishnaic Hebrew with
Aramaisms: Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, Acts, Revelation, Romans, Colossians, Ephesians, 1st &
2nd Corinthians, 1st & 2nd Thessalonians, Philippians, Galatians, James, 1
st
2
nd
3
rd
John, and
Hebrews.
The following writings do not appear to have Mishnaic Hebrew with Aramaisms: 1
st
2
nd
Timothy, Titus, Philemon, Jude.
Revelation Was Banned!
In c. 313 CE, Emperor Constantine issued the Edict of Milan, legalizing Christianity in the
Roman Empire.
13
Fifty years later, in the Council of Laodicea c. 363CE
14
with about 30 clerics
and bishops from Asia minor made 60 canons, or rules, that governed church procedures, beliefs,
and a list of the canon of scripture, among other things. Three canons of note are canons 29, 59,
and 60. Canons 59 and 60 reads as follows,
13
"In the Ecclesiastical History, the Panegyric on Constantine and the life of Constantine... the guiding idea of Eusebius is the
establishment of a Christian empire, of which Constantine was the chosen instrument" (J.B. Bury, editor, Gibbon's Decline and Fall
of the Roman Empire, vol. II, Appendix, p. 359).
14
Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Second Series, Vol. 14. Philip Schaff and Henry Wace (eds). Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature
Publishing Co., (1900). "[N. B.— This Canon is of most questionable genuineness.]", retrieved 2011-10-06.
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2, The Exodus from Egypt; 3, Leviticus; 4, Numbers; 5, Deuteronomy; 6, Joshua, the son of Nun;
7, Judges, Ruth; 8, Esther; 9, Of the Kings, First and Second; 10, Of the Kings, Third and Fourth;
11, Chronicles, First and Second; 12, Esdras, First and Second; 13, The Book of Psalms; 14, The
Proverbs of Solomon; 15, Ecclesiastes; 16, The Song of Songs; 17, Job; 18, The Twelve Prophets;
Regarding the New Testament, it reads as follows:
Mark, Luke and John; The Acts of the Apostles; Seven Catholic Epistles, to wit, one of James,
two of Peter, three of John, one of Jude; Fourteen Epistles of Paul, one to the Romans, two to the
Corinthians, one to the Galatians, one to the Ephesians, one to the Philippians, one to the
Colossians, two to the Thessalonians, one to the Hebrews, two to Timothy, one to Titus, and one
The book Revelation was not permitted to be read in the assembly. And it is for this
reason, Revelation was hidden and was not included in the original collection of the Cochin
Hebrew New Testament collection.
Conclusion
Lastly, Yehovah gave me the mission to translate and dedicate my time to analyze the
Cochin Hebrew Revelation MS Oo.1.16.2 (The Scroll of Mysteries) and the remaining Hebrew
New Testament to reveal the mysteries that has been concealed for many generations. Thus, I
believe, many more mysteries will be revealed to the servants of Yehovah.
Additionally. It is vital to consider that the Cochin Hebrew Revelation MS Oo.1.16.2 was
come in these end of days (Cochin Revelation 1:1). For it is in this end of days we need to be
and evil or life and death; for we have been encouraged to choose life (Dt 30:15-20).
- Janice F. Baca
Translator and Biblical Hebrew Grammarian
Then he said to me, “All has passed.
I am the First and the Last,
the Beginning and the End,
and I will freely give living water to the thirsty.”
(Revelation 21:6, Cochin Revelation)
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Personal Acknowledgements
I want to thank Bryan Williams for his dedication and research to this project and the chart of the
chiastic structure he developed for The Scroll of Mysteries. Without him, this publication would not be
possible.
hours dedicated to the Cochin Hebrew New Testament project, I send my heartfelt gratitude: Jonathan
Meyer and Victor Nunez, thank you for all you do!
I also want to thank my friends, Jonathan Felt, Pam Lutzker, and John Abel who labored many
hours for taking this message to the servants of Yehovah.
I want thank Kurt Sutton for contributing the gift of these beautiful images of the Cochin Hebrew
Revelation MS Oo.1.16.2 (The Scroll of Mysteries).
I also want to thank my husband, David Baca, who supported me during endless hours of toiling
over this manuscript to provide excellent research and translation.
And most importantly, I want to thank my Heavenly Father, Yehovah and my Messiah Yeshua for
considering me worthy for such a task to get this English translation into the hands of the servants of
Yehovah!
Many times, I have heard that when someone is demonized, they are to read the word of Yehovah,
and demons flee. However, I was told that when you read Revelation, it makes demons scream. But nothing
compares to the warfare and the screams of demons from the Hebrew Revelation that appears to be the
closest copy of the First Century source is read and especially as a published manuscript.
The Scroll of Mysterie: Cochin Hebrew Revelation
in the hands of the people to empower them. So, to the many transcribers and researchers from the Benai
Emunah Institute (BEI) who labored and toiled over The Scroll of Mysteries
Satan tried and failed. Your work is now in the hands of the people who need to hear this word for these
end of days.
Janice F. Baca
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Legend and Definitions
In the Cochin Hebrew Revelation MS Oo.1.16.2 (The Scroll of Mysteries) interlinear tables, there are many
notes, tags, and personal footnote comments. For reference, these are the details and definitions below:
Aramaism: Due to the pressure of the surrounding language in Judea, Hebrew made a
Temple period. Some examples of Aramaisms are that the aleph tav () direct object markers are
used less frequently to identify the direct object. But instead, the lamed () is used as a direct
object marker for definite and indefinite objects. There are many of these lamed direct object
markers in this manuscript too many to identify all. Many examples of Aramaism are identified
in the interlinear tables with unique colored tags.
Second Temple: These are Second Temple words and/or spellings. The Second Temple is defined
as c. 586 BCE from the destruction of the First Temple to c. 70 CE, the destruction of the Second
Temple.
Tanakh: TaNaKh is an abbreviation for the Torah, NKetuvim and (Writings)
meaning, the Old Testament writings.
Rabbinic Abbreviation: ֞ ה the hey with the gershayim is a rabbinical abbreviation for the
Hebrew Ha Shemtranslates toIn the rabbinic tradition the Name of
Yehovah was not to be spoken, therefore, the scribe chose to use an abbreviation. Thus, where the
֞ ה is placed, I included the Name of Yehovah.
Hebrew Markers: The Hebrew markers are unique phrases and words that are considered
unique markers for the Cochin Hebrew Revelation Oo.1.16.2 (The Scroll of Mysteries) authenticity
and are compared to the Jewish Publication Society (JPS) edition of the Tanakh (Old Testament).
In fact, one of these markers is the Hebrew root word zamar that led me to discover the song
of the 144,000.
Translations: The Greek translation used is from The Scriptures, 2009, and the Aramaic
translation is from James Murdock Translation of the Aramaic New Testament, dating in 1852, and
is translated from the (Syriac) Peshito version.
Interlinear Tables’ Abbreviations and Grammar Comments:
I. Sentence Structure:
a. interog part interrogative particle (if as a prefix is attached to only a noun)
b. n noun
c. abs absolute
d. constr - construct
e. adj adjective
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f. adv adverb (modifies anything but a noun)
g. constr construct
h. neg part negative particle
i. rel part relative particle
j. prep preposition (when added to a noun, then is an adverb)
k. pron pronoun
l. pronom pronoun suffix
m. v verb
n. inj part interjection particle
o. DO marker direct object marker
II. Person:
a. 1 first person (I, we)
b. 2 second person (you (ms), you (mp))
c. 3 third person (he/it, she/it or they)
III. Number:
a. s singular (I, you (singular), he/it, she/it)
b. p plural (we, you (plural), they)
IV. Gender/Gender number:
a. m masculine
b. f feminine
c. c common (masculine or feminine gender)
V. Binyan/Stem Verb Forms:
a. Active binyan verb stem
b. Pi'el - Active intensifier binyan verb stem
c. Pu'al - Passive intensifier binyan verb stem
d. Hif'il - Active causative binyan verb stem
e. Hu'fal - Passive causative binyan verb stem
f. Hit'pael - Reflexive or reciprocal binyan verb stem and does not have a direct object
g. Nif'al - Passive binyan verb stem. Or this verb stem can be reflexive or reciprocal like
h.
stems used regularly to express reflexive action. This verb binyan stem was used in
the First Century and later went extinct.
VI. Voice:
a. qatal - past tense
b. yiqtol - Simple future, iterative (future or past), language of the law, or habitual action
c. act part active participle
d. pssv part passive participle
e. imp - imperative
f. inf - infinitive
g. inf abs - infinitive absolute
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h. inf constr - infinitive construct
i. jssv
- jussive. This is similar to an imperative but is in third person, (ex. "let there be
light")
VII. Additional Grammatical notes:
a. (vav) conjunctions/disjunctions are not labeled in the interlinear tables but is
/
context.
b. (hey) definite articles are not labeled in the interlinear tables but is identified as a
c. Card num cardinal number
d. Ord num ordinal number
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Cochin Revelation Chapter 1
Pageview Image MS Cochin Oo.1.16.2 Chapter 1
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Introduction
:
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: These are the mysteries revealed by the hand of John
15
to the congregation of Tillagen.
16
The Scriptures: Does not exist
Aramaic: Does not exist
(pron cp)
secrets,
Nif'al, qatal, past,
3ms)
al yidei, by the
hand of, (idiom)
Proper name
Transliteration:
Yohannes
l' edat, to/ for/
belonging to
(prep, n fs)
tilagin, unknown
meaning
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 1:1
17
18
19
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: These are the mysteries given by Yehovah
20
to Yeshua the Messiah, to show his servants
what would soon happen. And He sent them by the hand of his messenger to his servant, John.
The Scriptures: Revelation
21
of Messiah, which Elohim gave Him to show His servants what has to
take place with speed. And He signified it by sending His messenger to His servant Yoanan,
15
This word uses the Greek ending for Yohannos.
16
The meaning of this word is unknown. T). It
most likely refers to the elders of the assemblies like a conference representing all seven of the congregations or something else.
There is also a place in the country of Georgia transliterated as Tilaginskaya "Dzhuma" Mechet' in an area where Christianity has
been present since the First Century. Other possibilities include an area of Iran that is transliterated as telekan.
17
The ten Arabic numerals 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 are the most commonly used symbols for writing numbers.
18
The scribe places gershayim (two small shash marks) above the name of Yeshua to indicate that it is an abbreviation.
19
The scribe uses the standard rabbinic abbreviation This abbreviation is used throughout
Revelation.
20
The message originates directly from Yehovah to Yeshua through John to the servants of Yehovah. And in all of Cochin Hebrew
is included in these scriptures. For
Joel 2:32 says that by calling upon the Name of Yehovah, there is deliverance. Psalms 91:14-16 also demonstrates that by the one
who knows . That is why there is a great effort to remove and conceal the
Name of Yehovah. 23 times (The Scriptures 2009, pp xv). In Exodus
20:7
In other words, we are to know and speak the Name of Yehovah and not bring His Name to nothingness. See Revelation 7:4 and the
144,000 teaching the Name of Yehovah.
21
The Greek Revelation translation (i.e. The Scriptures 2009) matches the Aramaic translation and appears to be an addition to the
For in The Scroll of
Mysteries, there are many mysteries revealed and many more hidden in the Hebrew grammar.
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Aramaic: THE Revelation of Jesus the Messiah, which God gave to him, to show to his servants the things
that must shortly occur: and he signified [it] by sending, through his angel, to his servant John;
22
pron)
(n mp)
2nd Temple
past, 3ms)
Yehovah
belonging to
name)
inf constr)
23
belonging to/ for his
mp, 3mp pronom)
(inter part)
which/ who/ whom
part, v. Pa'al/Qal,
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
(adv)
qatal, past, 3ms)
marker, 3mp
pronom)
3
malach,
(n ms)
who/ whom, to, for,
of, belonging to
3ms pronom)
belonging to/ his
ms)
(name)
Note: transliterated
from Greek
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 1:2
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: The witness is the Word of Yehovah and the testimony
24
of Yeshua the Messiah and of what
he saw.
The Scriptures: who bore witness to the Word of Elohim, and the witness of Messiah to all he saw.
Aramaic: who bore witness to the word of God, and to the testimony of Jesus the Messiah, as to all that he
saw.
25
2nd Temple
Yehovah
but/ so the
name)
part)
22
This is a Second Temple word found in War of the Jews 1:30:6 by Josephus.
23
T
or a past or future iterative action in the past or future (Numbers 11:4-6).
24
(edut) is also referring to the Torah as in Exodus 16:34, 35, 36. This is
translated as testimony, not congregations (plural) for it fits the context of the witness of the Torah.
25
This spelling can be found in 160 of the Letter of Aristeas.
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which/ who/ whom
he/it saw (v.
past, 3ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 1:3
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Holy
26
are the reader
27
and the hearers of these prophecies and those establishing what is
written.
The Scriptures: Blessed is he who reads and those who hear the words of this prophecy, and guard what is
written in it, for the time is near.
Aramaic: Blessed is he that readeth, and they who hear the words of this prophecy, and keep the things that
are written in it; for the time is near.
28
29
apart, sanctified,
saintly,
ms)
3ms)
ha' qorei, "I/ you
(ms)/ he/it crier,
reader, calls,
proclaim, one who
announces," (v.
ms)
v' ha' shomayim,
those, they
3mp pronom)
fp)
ha' neviot, "the
prophecies," (n fp)
2nd Temple
u' me' kaymim,
/ you (mp)/ they,
those (m) fulfilling,
Pi'el, act part, mp)
2nd Temple
(inter part)
which/ who/ whom
adj, ms)
Interlinear Chart
26
The Hebrew word kadosh () means, -
27
Notice there is one announcer (singular) and there are
multiple hearers.
28
See Aramaic Targum to Lamentations 4 for the use of this word.
29
The Midrash of Philo 17:17:14 – Second Temple, c. 10 - 50 CE.
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Revelation 1:4
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: John and the seven elders in Asia minor, grace, and peace to you from He who is, and was,
and will be, and from the seven Spirits
30
that are from His throne.
The Scriptures: Yoanan, to the seven assemblies
31
that are in Asia: Favour to you and peace from Him
who is and who was and who is coming, and from the seven Spirits that are before His throne,
Aramaic: John to the seven churches which are in Asia: Grace to you and quietude, from him who is, and
who was, and who is to come, from the seven Spirits which are before his throne;
32
(name)
Note: Greek
transliteration
but/ so/ or the
mp)
(name)
2nd Temple
Note: Greek
transliteration
(n ms)
(n ms)
yiqtol, fut, ms)
pronom)
ms)
which/ who/ whom
v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
so/ or who I/ you
ms)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, yiqtol,
fut, 3ms)
(prep, card num)
cp)
30
See Isaiah 11:1-5 for the names of the seven Spirits of Yehovah. Also consider that in Isaiah 11:4-5 it describes in detail the
seventh Spirit of Yehovah as One who is Then, in Isaiah 28:5--directly named and
will manifest in the end of days. Thus, the Spirit of Right-Ruling appears to be the Seventh Spirit of Yehovah for Yehovah is One
who encompasses all seven Spirits. Also notice that in Revelation 5:6, the seven Spirits of Yehovah are sent ( - shalach) into all
the earth and represents Yeshua the Messiah. How will the seven Spirits be identified? By the gifts they present. The seven Spirits of
Yehovah will be rare events and manifestations of Yeshua the Messiah. Also consider that the seven Spirits of Yehovah appears to
be different than the Holy Spirit ( for the Holy Spirit is poured out ( shafach) and has different
spiritual gifts (Joel 2:28-29, Acts 2:1-4). Therefore, In Revelation 5:6 when the seven Spirits of Yehovah are sent into all the earth,
this represents the manifestation of Yeshua. And interestingly, in the Cochin Hebrew 1 Corinthians 15:23, it mentions the day when
Yeshua returns describing his return as: ֞֞ואובב . This verse translates as,
, a man's (adam) first law/covenant is in Messiah. And in the end, those belonging to Messiah are also the same at his
coming, (emphasis mine). The Hebrew word meansat/in/with/by and is prefixed with the bet () and
not a kaf ( ) prefix. The difference is that with the bet () prefix it a continual and progressive action. The
kaf () prefix makes
and in the end, we will see Him as described in Zechariah 12:10, Revelation 1:7 and in Matthew 24:30b.
31
Notice the Greek and the Aramaic clearly identify an assembly, whereas the Cochin manuscript identifies elders.
32
The word Asia originated from the Ancient Greek word c. 440 BCE) in reference to
Anatolia or to the Persian Empire, in contrast to Greece and Egypt. It originally was just a name for the east bank of the Aegean Sea,
an area known to the Hittites as Assuwa. This name is found in the Second Temple Book of Maccabees II 3:3.
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2
which/ who/ they,
(rel part, 3mp
pronom)
n ms, 3ms pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 1:5
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And from Yeshua the Messiah, the faithful witness and the first One resurrected from the
dead and the Messiah and Prince
33
commanding on the earth, the One who loves us and washes
34
our
transgressions
35
in His blood.
The Scriptures: and from Messiah, the trustworthy witness, the first-born from the dead, and the
ruler of the sovereigns of the earth. To Him who loved us and washed us from our sins in His own blood,
Aramaic: and from Jesus the Messiah, the Witness, the Faithful, the First-born of the dead, and the Prince
of the kings of the earth; who hath loved us, and released us from our sins by his blood;
36
37
but/ so/ or from/ of
name)
ms)
which/ who/ whom
(rel part, v.
past 3ms)
m' ha' matim,
mp)
so/ or the leader,
but/ so/ or I/ you
(ms)/ he/it
(prep)
I/ you (ms), he/it
Pa'al/Qal, act part,
2ms, 1cp obj)
you(ms)/ he/it
Pa'al/Qal, act part,
ms, obj, 1cp)
transgressions/
mp)
33
This word, is used in Daniel 9:25-26, speaking of the Nagid Mashiach Messiah the Prince.
34
An unusual spelling and verb conjugation not found in the Tanakh, except in the simpler form used when Aaron and his
sons were washed with water, readied by Moses to receive their priestly garments.
35
Isaiah 53:5, the word, means,
36
The scribe uses gershayim (two slash marks above the letter) to indicate that this is an abbreviation of a name. This does not affect
the translation.
37
The adjective and the noun must match in gender, number, and definiteness. When the adjective does not match the noun, it is
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Interlinear Chart
Revelation 1:6
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: For he made us kings and priests
38
before Yehovah, His Father. To Him be honor and glory
forever and ever, amen.
The Scriptures: and has made us sovereigns and priests to His Elohim and Father, to Him be esteem and
Aramaic: and hath made us a kingdom sacerdotal to God and his Father: to whom be glory and power, for
ever and ever. Amen.
39
so/ or he/ it did,
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
marker, 1cp
pronom)
for/ belonging to
but/ so/ or to/ for/
belonging to
mp)
before the face of,
before me, in front
Yehovah
so/ or his/its
pronom)
belonging to
pronom)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, yiqtol,
fut, 3ms)
ms)
ms)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
38
Also see Exodus 19:6, Isa 61:6; 66:21; 1 Peter 2:5,9; Revelation 1:6, 5:10; 20:6.
39
During the late Second Temple Period, the (direct object marker) is used less frequently and the lamed () replaces it and
becomes the direct object marker (definite or indefinite). This verse is an example of this unique grammatical shift. There are
numerous examples within this manuscript and too many to label. The lamed () direct object marker does not change the translation
of the verses. However, it does serve as a unique late Second Temple Hebrew marker.
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Revelation 1:7
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: See, He will come in a cloud
40
and those who pierced him will see Him. And all the clans
41
of
the earth will weep.
42
Yes, Amen!
The Scriptures: See, He is coming with the clouds, and every eye shall see Him, even they who pierced
Aramaic: Behold, he cometh with clouds; and all eyes shall see him, and also they who speared him; and
all the tribes of the earth shall mourn on account of him. Yes: Amen.
43
imp, ms)
pron)
Pa'al/Qal, yiqtol,
fut, 3ms)
ms)
or you (mp) will
yiqtol, fut, 2mp, 3ms
obj)
marker, 3ms
pronom)
ms)
44
you(mp)/ they, those
mp)
2nd Temple
marker, 3ms
pronom)
so/ or they will
weep, cry, mourn,
Pa'al/Qal, yiqtol, fut,
3mp)
fp)
(n fs)
(conj)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 1:8
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: I am He who is the First and the Last,
45
the beginning and the end, says the
Almighty,
46
the one who is, and who was, and who will be.
40
Daniel 7:13.
41
42
Zechariah 12:10.
43
The scribe chose to include the vowel pointing for an unknown reason.
44
This appears to be a passive participle acting as an attributive adjective but does the noun it follows, (
expected. See Aramaic Targum to Proverbs 26:23.
45
This is a direct quote from Isaiah 44:6, 48:12. See also Isaiah 41:4 and is a unique Hebrew marker.
modifications in the Greek manuscripts.
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The Scriptures:
Aramaic: I am Alpha, also Omega,
47
saith the Lord God; who is, and was, and is to come, the
omnipotent.
pron)
(n ms)
(n ms)
ms)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
:
ms)
past, 3ms)
2nd Temple
(v. Pa'al/Qal, yiqtol,
fut, 3ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 1:9
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: I, John, was on the island called Patmos for the sake of the Word of Yehovah and the
testimony
48
of Yeshua the Messiah.
The Scriptures: I, Yoanan, both your brother and co-sharer in pressure, and in the reign and endurance of
Messiah, came to be on the island that is called Patmos for the Word of Elohim and for the witness of
Messiah.
Aramaic: I, John, your brother, and partaker with you in the affliction and suffering that are in Jesus the
Messiah, was in the island called Patmos, because of the word of God, and because of the testimony of
Jesus the Messiah.
49
(name)
Note: transliterated
from Greek
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
n ms)
(ms)/ he/it is
act part, ms)
Note: Greek
transliteration
2nd Temple
46
L
47
This verse is a translation from the Greek as Yehovah does not say He is the Alpha and Omega. Yehovah says that He is the First
and the Last as in Isaiah 44:6; 48:12 and see also Isaiah 41:4.
48
See Revelation 1:2 for more details on this word.
49
This spelling is found in Book of Tobit 7:7.
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50
:
2nd Temple
Yehovah
but/ so the
name)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 1:10
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And the Holy Spirit soaked
51
over me, and I heard a great voice from behind me,
The Scriptures: I came to be in the Spirit on the Day of , and I heard behind me a loud voice, as of a
trumpet,
Aramaic: I was in the Spirit on the Lord's day;
52
and I heard behind me a great voice, as of a trumpet,
which said:
(ms)/ he/it soaked,
Pa'al/Qal, act part,
ms)
2nd Temple
(prep, 1cs pronom)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 1cs)
pron 1cs)
(n ms)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
50
This spelling is found in Letter of Aristeas 266.
51
Priest) heads, (see Leviticus 21:10-
that was applied to the ear, thumb, and big toe but not oil (Exodus 29:20). However, the leper, on the day of his cleansing has a
us
14:25). Then after the application of the oil upon the ear, thumb, and toe of the restored leper, it was the applied in a more customary
way of anointing the head of the restored leper as in the same manner the priests and kings were anointed (Leviticus 14:14-18).
52
and appears to be an addition. This verse is often used to argue that the first day of
the week (i.e. Sunday) was changed to the first day of the week (i.e. Sunday). However, Yehovah does not change (Psalms 55:11,
Malachi 3:6) and the seventh day of the week remains on the seventh day (i.e. Saturday). See Leviticus 23:3.
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Revelation 1:11
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
53
; and all that you see,
54
write in a scroll, and send it
to the Elders of Asia; and to Ephesus, and to Smyrna, and to Pergamos, and to Thyatira, and to Sardis, and
to Philadelphia, and to Laodicea.
The Scriptures
what you see and send it to the seven assemblies of Asia to Ephesos, and to Smurna, and to Pergamos,
Aramaic: That which thou seest, write in a book, and send to the seven churches, to Ephesus, and to
Smyrna, and to Pergamos, and to Thyatira, and to Sardis, and to Philadelphia, and to Laodicea.
3fs)
(n ms)
(inter part)
which/ who/ whom
part, v. Pa'al/Qal,
qatal, past, 2ms)
55
56
ktov! (to a man)
book, scroll,
ms)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, imp,
2ms)
marker, 3ms
pronom)
for/ belonging to the
mp)
(name)
2nd Temple
Note: Greek
transliteration
but/ so/ or to/ for/
belonging to
Note: Greek
transliteration
so/ again, also, too,
in addition, even, as
belonging to
name)
Note: Greek
transliteration
v' l' pergamos, and/
but/ so/ or to/ for/
belonging to
name)
Note: Greek
transliteration
so/ or again, also,
too, in addition,
belonging to
name)
Note: Greek
transliteration
but/ so/ or to/ for/
belonging to
name)
Note: Greek
transliteration
so/ or moreover,
53
See verse the footnote in 1:8.
54
you
55
See Revelation 1:4 for more details.
56
Second Temple Book of Maccabees II 3:3.
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:
:
belonging to
name)
Note: Greek
transliteration
but/ so/ or to/ for/
name)
Note: Greek
transliteration
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 1:12
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And I turned to see the voice that spoke with me. So, when I turned, I saw seven menorahs
57
of gold.
The Scriptures: And I turned to see the voice which spoke with me. And having turned, I saw seven
golden lampstands,
Aramaic: And I turned myself to look at the voice that talked with me; and when I had turned, I saw seven
candlesticks of gold;
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 1cs)
Pa'al/Qal, inf)
et, (DO marker)
you (fs)/ she/it
fs)
(prep, 1s pronom)
2nd Temple
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 1cs)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
num)
menorot,
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 1:13
Hebrew Transcription
57
The word, (menorot) can refer to a menorah lamp stand of seven branches (see Zech 4), or it could refer to seven
lampstands.
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Translation: And in the midst of them was One in the likeness of man
58
and dressed in white garments
and girded upon the chest
59
with a sash of gold.
The Scriptures: and in the midst of the seven lampstands One like the Son of Aam, dressed in a robe
down to the feet and girded about the chest with a golden band.
Aramaic: and, in the midst of the candlesticks, one like the Son of man, clothed to the feet, and girded
about his paps with a girdle of gold.
60
but/ so/ or midst of,
(prep, mp, 3mp
pronom)
spelling error
num)
(prep, n fs)
ms)
so/ or I/ you(ms)/
(v. Pa'al/Qal, pssv
part, ms)
with/ by (the)
(prep, n mp)
ms)
num mismatch
so/ or I/ you(ms)/
(v. Pa'al/Qal, pssv
part, ms)
(prep)
ms)
b' chagar, "in/ with/
by (the) girdle, sash,
wrap, binding"
(prep, n ms)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 1:14
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Indeed, his head and hair were white, as white as wool, and his eyes were as flames of fire.
The Scriptures: And His head and hair were white as white wool, as snow, and His eyes as a flame of fire,
Aramaic: And his head and his hair were white, like white wool, like snow; and his eyes, like a flame of
fire:
58
It is interesting to note that the Cochin manuscript
man.
59
A chest binding can include the waist.
60
This appears to be the word (beynot) with the added pronominal suffix (-hem)
word was misspelled, leaving off the tav and converting the vav to a yod. The correct spelling would be .
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indeed, truly,
verily, surely, but
however, howbeit,
contrariwise, nay
(n ms, 3ms pronom)
ms, 3ms pronom)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
3ms)
ms)
ms)
ms)
(n ms, 3ms pronom)
fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 1:15
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And his feet were like copper, and his voice was like the noise of mighty rushing waters.
The Scriptures: and His feet like burnished brass, as if refined in a furnace, and His voice as the sound of
many waters.
Aramaic: and his feet were like fine brass, flaming in a furnace: and his voice, like the sound of many
waters.
so/ or his/its legs,
pronom)
(prep, n fs)
so/ or his/its voice,
pronom)
(the) noise of,
rushing, rattling,
(prep, n ms)
mp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 1:16
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And seven stars were in his right hand, and from His mouth came a double-edged sword, and
His appearance shone like the sun
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The Scriptures: And in His right hand He held seven stars, and out of His mouth went a sharp two-edged
sword, and His face was just as the sun shining in its strength.
61
Aramaic: And he had in his right hand seven stars; and from his mouth issued a sharp twoedged sword;
and his visage was like the sun shining in its strength.
num)
mp)
ms)
pronom)
so/ or from his/its
pronom)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
two-edged
fs)
so/ or I/ you(ms)/
qatal, past, 3ms)
(prep, n ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 1:17
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And when I saw Him, I fell, as if dead at His feet. And placing His right hand on me, He said,
"Fear not. I am the First and the Last."
62
The Scriptures: And when I saw Him, I fell at His feet as dead, and He placed His right hand on me,
Aramaic: And when I saw him, I fell at his feet like one dead. And he laid his right hand upon me, and
said, Fear not: I am the First and the Last;
but/ so/ or when I
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
3ms)
marker, 3ms
pronom)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
3ms)
belonging to his/its
(prep,v. Pa'al/Qal,
act part, ms)
act part, ms)
61
The Aramaic Revelation
closely aligns with the Greek Revelation throughout Revelation. It has an appearance that the Aramaic may be a translation from
Greek.
62
See the footnote in Revelation 1:8.
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et, (DO marker)
pronom)
(prep)
past, 3ms)
pronom)
yiqtol, fut, 2ms)
(adj ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 1:18
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
63
I was dead, and now I live. I am eternal. And I have the keys to death and
The Scriptures
Aramaic: and who liveth and was dead; and behold, I am alive for ever and ever. Amen. And I have the
keys of death and of the unseen world.
64
so/ or (to a man)
imp, 2ms)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 1cs)
Pa'al/Qal, act part,
ms)
(adv)
2nd Temple
ms)
65
ms)
to/ for/ belonging to
(n ms)
but/ so/ or the
Gehinnom, hell, or
the valley of
Interlinear Chart
63
The tsere vowel marking
nikk
64
The word, (v' achshav) means "now" or "presently," but was not used until Second Temple Book of Tobit 13:1, (c.250 -
c.150 BCE)
65
Valley of Hinnom was held in abomination by the Jews, who, accordingly, used the name of this valley to designate the
(Targum Jonathan on Genesis, iii, 24; Henoch, c. xxvi).
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Revelation 1:19
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
The Scriptures
these:
Aramaic: Therefore, write what thou hast seen, and the things that are; and the things that are to be
hereafter:
66
ktov! (to a man)
(inter part)
which/ who/ whom
qatal, past, 2 ms)
(inter part)
which/ who/ whom
part, v. Pa'al/Qal,
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
Idiom: "after in this way"
2nd Temple
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 1:20
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
The Scriptures
lampstands: The seven stars are messengers of the seven assemblies, and the seven lampstands which you
saw are seven assemblies.
Aramaic: the mystery of these seven stars which thou sawest in my right hand, and the seven candlesticks
of gold. Those seven stars are the angels of the seven churches; and the seven candlesticks are the seven
churches.
66
The words, (achar kach) - this innocuous two-word conjunction is used only four times in the Tanakh,
but thousands of times afterward including Second Temple sources.
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so/ or the secret,
card num)
mp)
which/ who/ whom
v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 2ms)
n ms)
pronom)
(card num)
menorot,
ms)
therefore, in this
2nd Temple
pron)
mp)
pron)
pronom)
(card num)
but/ so/ or the
menorot,
(card num)
mp)
Interlinear Chart
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Cochin Revelation Chapter 2
Pageview Image MS Cochin Oo.1.16.2 Chapter 2
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Revelation 2:1
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
The Scriptures
His right hand, who is walking in the midst of the seven golden lampstands, says this:
Aramaic: To the angel of the church which is at Ephesus write: These things saith he who holdeth all
things, and the seven stars, in his right hand; he that walketh in the midst of the seven candlesticks of gold;
but/ so/ or to/ for/
belonging to the
(prep, n ms)
the congregation,
fs)
Epheyzos (name)
Note: transliteration
of Greek
imp, 2ms)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
ze,
which/ who/ whom
there is, there
(prep, n cs)
mp)
you (ms)/ he/it
ms)
(n fp)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 2:2
Hebrew Transcription
TranslationI know your works and hopes. You are not able to tolerate the wicked. You are testing those
who say they are prophets,
67
67
Compare to Deuteronomy 13:1-5.
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The Scriptures
68
and your labour, and your endurance, and that you are not able to
bear evil ones, and have tried those who say they are emissaries and are not, and have found them false;
Aramaic: I know thy works, and thy toil, and thy patience, and [that] thou canst not endure the wicked; and
thou hast tried them who say they are legates, and are not; and thou hast found them liars.
ms)
et, (DO marker)
(n mp, 2ms pronom)
2mp pronom)
neg
part)
69
2ms)
et, (DO marker)
those who are
wicked, villains,
people in the
so/ or you (ms) will
fut, 2ms)
belonging to these,
pronom)
mp)
which/ who/ they,
(rel part, 3mp
pronom)
pronom)
but/ so/ or he/it will
2ms)
which/ who/ they,
(rel part, 3mp
pronom)
(mp)/ they, those
act part, mp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 2:3
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
The Scriptures
sake and have not become weary.
Aramaic: And thou hast had patience, and hast borne the burden, on account of my name, and hast not
fainted.
68
The Greek and the Aramaic translations
69
Second Temple spelling, first found in c. 135 CE, Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael, Tractate Amalek 2:42.
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but/ so/ or your
pronom)
(n ms, 2ms pronom)
ms)
2nd Temple
(n ms, 1cs pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 2:4
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
The Scriptures
Aramaic: Yet I have [a charge] against thee, on account of thy former love, which thou hast left.
70
71
72
indeed, truly,
verily, surely, but
however,
contrariwise, nay
or n ms)
2nd Temple
1cs)
Idiom: Because of what?
[2nd Temple
(inter part)
fut, 2ms)
73
(n fs)
2nd Temple
fs)
Interlinear Chart
70
The word, (temia) is Second Temple spelling found in Midrash of Philo 15:17:8. This author uses it 3 times in 2:4, 17:6, and
17:7. It can be either a noun or an adjective.
71
This is an example of Aramaism when a lamed direct object marker is used to identify the definite or indefinite direct object.
72
The words, (mipnei mah)
Megillat Ta’anit and The Midrash of Philo, but thousands more times in documents of a later period, and never in the Tanakh. This
author uses it here and in Revelation 17:7.
73
The Song of Songs 4 times, but is used 122 times in Second Temple period sources including Ben Sira,
Book of Jubilees, Book of Tobit, etc.
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Revelation 2:5
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Remember who you are and repent,
74
and do your first works! But if not, your menorah will
75
The Scriptures:
shall come to you speedily and remove your lampstand from its place, unless you repent.
Aramaic: Therefore remember whence thou hast fallen; and repent, and do the former works: or if not, I
will come to thee quickly, and I will remove thy candlestick from its place, except thou repent.
part)
and r
mp)
2nd Temple
2fs)
wrong pronoun
your (ms) deeds,
2ms pronom)
76
(adj mp)
or by if, when,
conj)
lo, no/not (neg
part)
(adv)
2nd Temple
3ms)
mp) 2ms pronom)
(prep, n ms, 3ms
pronom)
(prep, conj)
who/ whom no/not,
(rel part, neg part)
r
Yiqtol, fut, 2ms)
2nd Temple
Interlinear Chart
74
Literally, (teshuva) is a noun meaningand means, "do repentance," It is an idiom meaning to turn back to
Yehovah and His ways. See Numbers 10:36.
75
See footnotes on Revelation 2:7 regarding the end of day servants of Yehovah.
76
Although not exclusive to post Tanakh usage,
author in 2:5, 2:16, 3:11, 22:7, 22:12, 22:20, compared to 8 times in Ecclesiastes (7), Ezra (1) which represents the entire Jewish
Publication Society (JPS) of the Tanakh.
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Revelation 2:6 (This verse does not exist in the Cochin Oo.1.16.2 manuscript)
Translation: Does Not Exist
77
Notice: All interlinear tables follow the versification of the King James Version as an international
standard.
The Scriptures
Aramaic: But this thou hast, that thou hatest the deeds of the Nicolaitans, which I also [hate].
Revelation 2:7 (Cochin 2:6)
78
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
from the Tree of Life,
79
80
The Scriptures
Aramaic: He that hath ears, let him hear what the Spirit saith to the churches. To him who is victorious,
will I give to eat of the tree of life which is in the paradise of my God.
part)
that/ who/ whom
there is, there
part)
(prep, 3ms pronom)
mp)
ms)
(interog part)
which/ who/ whom
the Spirit, wind,
cs)
77
Nicolaitans are mentioned in Revelation 2:14.
78
The Cochin verse numbers are inserted to demonstrate that the numbering of the verses is different in the Cochin than that of the
KJV.
79
This exact phrase in Hebrew is used in Genesis 3:22, where it is commonly translated as "Tree of Life;" however, "life" is plural,
so it is literally, "the tree of lives" or "the living tree." This phrase is also found in Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs 18:11, The
Midrash of Philo 3:22:7.
80
Joel 2: 1-2 describes a people in the day of Yehovah, a future day of great judgement as a fire has consumed and behind them a
as they pursue the Garden of Eden. For in that day (the judgement day of Yehovah), a mighty people will arise, a great
army of a people many and strong, the like of whom has never been, nor shall there ever be again after them, to the
This mighty army appears to be the servants of Yehovah who will do mighty deeds. Yehovah expects
highly of His servants to repent and serve Yehovah in the greatest time and place in the history of the children of Israel.
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81
ms)
belonging to the
congregation,
fs)
part)
whom I/ you (ms)/
part, v. Pi'el, act part,
ms)
2nd Temple
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
(n mp)
which/ who/ whom
there is, there
part)
(prep, n fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 2:8 (Cochin 2:7)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
The Scriptures
who became dead, and came to life:
Aramaic: And to the angel of the church which is at Smyrna, write: These things saith the First and the
Last, he who was dead, and liveth.
82
but/ so/ or to/ for/
belonging to the
(prep n ms)
the congregation/
fs)
(name)
Note: Greek
transliteration
imp, 2ms)
3ms)
81
This spelling is found in Tractate Kallah Rabbati 5:1 as early as c.100 BCE.
82
The gershayim (two slash marks above the word) is to indicate that this is an abbreviation of a name. This does not affect the
translation.
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(n ms)
(n ms)
so/ or I/you (ms)/
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 2:9 (Cochin 2:8)
Hebrew Transcription
Translationworks and sorrows, and the blasphemy of those who say they are Jews but are
not. They are the children
The Scriptures yet you are rich and the blasphemy of
those who say they are Yehuim and are not, but are a congregation of Satan.
Aramaic: I know thy works, and the affliction, and the poverty, (yet thou art rich;) and the railing which is
from them who say they are Jews, and they are not, but are of the congregation of Satan.
83
84
ms)
(n mp, 2ms pronom)
(n mp, 2mp/2ms
pronom)
mp)
85
which/ who/ whom
3mp)
(n mp)
so/ or they (m) are
(part)
pronom)
(prep, n mp constr)
(n ms)
Interlinear Chart
83
Derived from the root word, , this conjugation is very rare.
84
This appears to be and active participle acting as an attributive participle, acting as an adjective.
85
Satan () is first found in 1 Kings 5:4. The scribe uses the same Hebrew spelling found in Zechariah and Job.
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Revelation 2:10 (Cochin 2:9)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation #1: sorrow will
86
Translation #2:
87
in order to test you.
And the sorrow will last for ten days. May you be faithful until your death, so that I may give to you the
The Scriptures
you into prison, in order to try you, and you shall have pressure ten days. Be trustworthy until death, and I
shall give you the crown of life.
Aramaic: Be not terrified at any of the things thou art to suffer. For lo, the Accuser will throw some of you
into custody, that ye may be tried; and there will be trouble to you ten days. Be faithful unto death, and I
will give thee the crown of life.
yiqtol, fut, 2ms)
wrong pronoun
imp, ms)
(n ms)
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
ms)
cs)
according to, as, in
constr)
2mp)
but/ so/ or the
yiqtol, fut, ms)
(prep, 2mp pronom)
num)
mp)
3fs)
(ms)/ he/it is
act part, ms)
ms)
ms, 2ms pronom)
according to, as, in
which/ who/ whom I
1cs)
(prep, 2ms pronom)
(n ms)
mp)
Interlinear Chart
86
Literally, "the crown of lives." Also see footnotes on Revelation 2:7 regarding the end of day servants of Yehovah.
87
This word, is used in Deuteronomy 21:11, 2 Chronicles 28:15, and Jeremiah 48:46 and is translated as
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Revelation 2:11 (Cochin 2:10)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
88
what the Spirit is speaking to the congregation: and whoever that
The Scriptures
Aramaic: He that hath ears, let him hear what the Spirit saith to the churches. He that is victorious, shall
not be harmed by the second death.
part)
that/ who/ whom
there is, there
(prep, 3ms pronom)
mp)
part, ms)
(interog part)
which/ who/ whom
n cs)
Pa'al/Qal, act part,
ms)
belonging to the
congregation,
fs)
part)
whom I/ you (ms)/
(rel part, v. Pi'el, act
part, ms)
2ms)
(prep, 3ms pronom)
sorrow, regret,
ms)
(adj fp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 2:12 (Cochin 2:11)
Hebrew Transcription
Translationthe One who has the
double-
89
The Scriptures: -
edged sword, says this:
88
89
-
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Aramaic: And to the angel of the church at Pergamos, write: Thus saith he who hath the sharp two-edged
sword;
but/ so/ or to/ for/
belonging to the
(prep, n ms)
(prep n fs)
Pergamum
90
imp, 2ms)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal
past, 3ms)
that/ who/ whom
there is, there
part)
(prep, 3ms pronom)
two-edged
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 2:13 (Cochin 2:12)
Hebrew Transcription
Translationworks and your place. You are in the place of the throne of Satan. Believe in
My Name,
91
and my faithfulness, and my timing. He killed my faithful friend, Antipas, who walked with
The Scriptures
to My Name, and did not deny the belief in Me, even in the days in which Antipas was My trustworthy
witness, who was killed near you, where Satan dwells.
Aramaic: I know thy works, and where thou dwellest, [even] where the throne of Satan is: and thou holdest
fast my name, and hast not denied the faith of me, in those days when my faithful witness, who was slain
among you, was made a spectacle where Satan dwelleth.
ms)
eth, (DO marker)
(n mp, 2ms pronom)
ms)
(rel part, 2ms
pronom)
90
Pergamum is an older spelling of Pergamos that is a city near the Aegean Sea near the ancient city of Smyrna.
91
Compare to Joel 2:32, Psalms 91:14-16, 99:6 and Exodus 34:6-7 when Yehovah called out His own Name before revealing His
glory to Moses.
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(prep, n ms)
that/ who/ whom
there is, there
part)
ms)
(n ms)
2ms)
n ms, 1cs pronom)
92
but/ so/ or in/ with/
by my faith, creed,
(prep, n ms, 1cs
promon)
(n fs, 1cs pronom)
past, 3ms)
eth, (DO marker)
(n ms, 1cs pronom)
2nd Temple
(ms)/ he/it is loyal,
ms)
Note: transliteration
of Greek
93
2mp)
2nd Temple
(prep, n ms)
whom the satan,
n ms)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 2:14 (Cochin 2:13)
Hebrew Transcription
TranslationAnd you also hate those among you who are students of the teachings of Balaam, who
guided the way of Balak to do evil to the children
94
The Scriptures
-
offered to idols, and to commit whoring.
Aramaic: Yet I have a small [charge] against thee. Thou hast there them who hold the doctrine of Balaam,
who taught Balak to throw a stumbling-block before the children of Israel, that they might eat the sacrifices
of idols, and might commit whoredom.
92
See Tractate Kallah Rabbati 3:13.
93
This spelling is in Letter of Aristeas 38.
94
Balaam advised the Moabites how to entice the children of Israel with prostitutes and idolatry. He could not curse Israel directly,
orshiping
Baal of Peor and committing fornication with Midianite women. And in Numbers 31:16, the Midianite women were kept alive when
Moses sent one thousand from each tribe to battle with the Midianites and all the Midianite women who had laid with a man was
ordered to be killed. See Numbers chapter 22, 23, and 31:16; Deuteronomy 23:4-5; Joshua 13:22 for more details. Also consider that
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95
so/ or again, also,
too, in addition,
pron)
ms)
3mp pronom)
which/ who/ whom
part,mp)
2nd Temple
(the) class, learning,
(prep, n ms)
constr)
belonging to (the)
(prep n mp)
constr)
marker, 3mp pron)
by (the) prostitution,
whoring,
n fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 2:15 (Cochin 2:14)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
The Scriptures teaching of the Nikolaites, which teaching I
hate.
Aramaic: So also thou hast them who hold the doctrine of the Nicolaitans. In like manner, repent thou.
96
97
so again, also, too, in
addition, even, as
ms)
of (the) studies,
teachings,
(prep, n ms)
Aramaism
Note: transliteration of
Greek
so/ or also, yea,
though, so much
95
Spelling is as early as c. 100 CE in Sefer HaKanna 105:4.
96
See Revelation 2:14 for more details.
97
This word is t
(laos), [common] people source Abarim Publications. The work and the doctrine of the Nicolaitans, consisted of hierarchizing the
church, destroying the horizontal framework, to raise a pyramidal order. See website for more details: https://alsina-sa.com/sobre-
religion/cual-es-la-doctrina-de-la-iglesia-filadelfia.html.
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98
ms)
3mp pronom)
2nd Temple
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 2:16 (Cochin 2:15)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
99
But if you do not, I will come swiftly to make war with you, by the sword in my
The Scriptures
mouth.
Aramaic: Or if not, I will come to thee quickly, and I will war upon them with the sword of my mouth.
100
101
r
wrong pronoun
2nd Temple
neg
part)
fut, 1cs)
(adv)
2nd Temple
inf constr)
pronom)
(n fs)
that/ who/ whom
there is, there
part)
ms, 1cs pronom)
Interlinear Chart
98
This is a Second Temple word first used in the Book of Jubilees 31:36 dating from c. 460 BCE to 140 CE.
99
Also see footnotes on Revelation 2:7 regarding the end of day servants of Yehovah.
100
Notice the added pronoun. This is common in this manuscript where pronouns are added when not necessary.
101
See Revelation 2:5 for more details.
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Revelation 2:17 (Cochin 2:16)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
want to give him the hidden manna to eat;
102
but also, good testimonies of him and in the testimonies, a
The Scriptures
overcomes I shall give some of the hidden manna to eat. And I shall give him a white stone, and on the
Aramaic: He that hath ears, let him hear what the Spirit saith to the churches. To him that is victorious,
will I give to eat of the hidden manna; and I will give him a white counter, and upon the counter a new
name written, which no one knoweth but he that receiveth it.
part)
that/ who/ whom
there is, there
part)
belonging to,
pronom)
fp)
part, ms)
(interog part)
which/ who/ whom
part, n cs)
Pa'al/Qal, act part,
ms)
belonging to the
congregation,
fs)
part)
whom I/ you (ms)/
he/it overcome(s),
part, ms)
ms)
Mishnaic
(prep, 3ms pronom)
n ms)
so/ or again, also,
too, in addition,
(part))
(n fs)
102
The hidden manna seems to be referencing Yeshua. In John 6:35, Yeshua says that He is the manna that was sent from heaven by
Yehovah. And in John 6:55, Yeshua saidhow to
partake of Yeshuacomes to Me shall not get hungry at all, and he who believes in Me shall not get thirsty at
it means coming in prayer, praise, worship, studying the Word
of Yehovah and blowing the shofar according Nehemia 4:19-20; then there will be no hunger nor thirst.
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103
ms)
ms)
(rel part, neg part)
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
any (in a neg
sentence)
104
num)
(part)
which/ who/ whom
part, v. Pi'el, qatal,
past, 3ms)
marker, 3ms
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 2:18 (Cochin 2:17)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
The Scriptures
who has eyes like a flame of fire, and His feet like burnished brass:
Aramaic: And to the angel of the church at Thyatira, write: These things saith the Son of God, who hath
his eyes like a flame of fire, and his feet like fine brass:
but/ so/ or to/ for
(the) angel,
ms)
the congregation,
fs)
Note: transliteration
of Greek
imp, 2ms)
past, 3ms)
Yehovah
who/ whom his/its
pronom 3ms)
pronom)
similarly to, such
fs)
103
The scribe added the nikkud to the chet with, Shva ( ) to differentiate adj new, new moon, and , which means
fresh, brand new. According to the Israel Institute of Biblical Studies, the nikkudot (i.e. vowel markings) were not added to Biblical
Hebrew texts until the c. 7th to 9th CE. Therefore, John would not have added these markings to the manuscript but were added at a
later date.
104
In Deuteronomy 17:15, this word is used in a negative sense as an infinitive absolute.
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:
so/ or his/its legs,
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 2:19 (Cochin 2:18)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: works - your love, your service, your faith, your hope - in all seasons, doing
The Scriptures
your works, the last are more than the first.
Aramaic: I know thy works, and love, and faith, and service, and also thy patience; and that these thy latter
works are more than the former.
105
ms)
eth, (DO marker)
your (ms) deeds,
2ms pronom)
but/ so/ or your
but/ so/ or your
(n ms, 2ms pronom)
2ms/2mp pronom)
but/ so/ or your
pronom)
so/ or in/ with/ by
ms)
NIf'al, act part, ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 2:20 (Cochin 2:19)
Hebrew Transcription
105
Compare to Ibn Ezra on Genesis 25:24:1.
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Translation- You must abandon the woman Jezebel who says she is a
The Scripturesel, who calls herself a prophetess,
to teach and lead My servants astray to commit whoring and to eat food offered to idols.
Aramaic: But I have [a charge] against thee, because thou sufferest thy woman Jezabel, who saith she is a
prophetess, and teacheth, and seduceth my servants to whoredom, and to eating of the sacrifices of idols.
indeed, truly,
verily, surely, but
however, howbeit,
contrariwise, nay
ms)
pronom)
over; about,
regarding, on you
pronom)
which/ who/ whom
(rel part, v.
2ms)
(name)
spelling error
Note: Spelling is:
fs)
(rel part, 3fs
pronom)
neviah,
ms)
so/ or we/ you (ms)/
act part, mp)
eth, (DO marker)
pronom)
do something, to
inf)
vice, whoredom,
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 2:21
Note: The Cochin manuscript changes the order of the following verses.
Revelation 2:22 (Cochin 2:20)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
106
with her, if they do not repent of
their works
106
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The Scriptures
affliction, unless they repent of their works.
Aramaic: Behold, I will cast her upon a bed, and them who commit adultery with her into great affliction,
unless they repent of their deeds.
imp, ms)
act part ms)
(prep pron 3fs)
which/ who/ whom
I/ you (ms)/ he/it
ms)
(prep, pron 3fs)
regret, remorse,
(prep, conj)
(rel part, neg part)
fut, 2mp)
2nd Temple
(prep)
mp, 3mp pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 2:21 (Cochin 2:21)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
107
The Scriptures
Aramaic: And I gave her a season for repentance, and she is not disposed to repent of her whoredom.
107
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past, cs)
3fs pronom)
2nd Temple
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 2:23 (Cochin 2:22)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
tester the innermost parts.
108
The Scriptures
One searching the kidneys and hearts. And I shall give to each one of you according to your works.
Aramaic: And her children will I slay with death: and all the churches shall know, that I am he who
searcheth reins and hearts; and I will render to each of you according to your works.
mp, 3fs pronom)
yiqtol, fut, 3mp)
Hif'il, yiqtol, fut,
2mp)
which/ who/ whom
pronom)
tester, examiner,
(n ms)
reins, the mind,
innermost parts, seat
of affection and
or heart, courage,
num)
(adv)
108
(nefesh) meaning,
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measures,
characteristics,
3ms pronom)
pssv, fut, 3ms)
(prep, 3ms pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 2:24 (Cochin 2:23)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
The Scriptures
who have not known the depths of Satan, as they call them, I am not putting on you another burden.
Aramaic: And I say to you, to the rest that are in Thyatira, to all them who have not received this doctrine,
the men who have not known the profound things of Satan, as they say; I lay no other burden upon you:
indeed, truly,
verily, surely, but
however, howbeit,
contrariwise, nay
belonging to you
but/ so/ or to/ for/
(prep, adj mp)
pronom)
name)
Note: transliteration
of Greek
ms)
(rel part, neg part)
1cs)
pronom)
more,
(adv)
ms)
(conj)
or
(rel part, neg part)
2mp)
ms)
Aramaism
(n ms)
Interlinear Chart
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Revelation 2:25 (Cochin 2:24)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
109
The Scriptures
Aramaic: but, what ye have, hold fast until I come.
indeed, truly,
verily, surely, but
however, howbeit,
contrariwise, nay
pron, ms)
that/ who/ whom
there is, there
part)
(prep, 2mp pronom)
(n ms)
which/ who/ whom I
fut, 1cs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 2:26 (Cochin 2:25)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation!
110
The Scriptures
over the nations,
Aramaic: And to him that is victorious, and to him that observeth my works unto the end, to him will I
give authority, over the nations;
whom I/ you (ms)/
part, ms)
cohort, 1cs)
mp)
3ms pronom)
Interlinear Chart
109
This is likely a contraction of the phrase
110
Verse 26 is likely a paraphrase of Psalm 2:7-8, because verse 27 alludes to Psalm 2:9.
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Revelation 2:27A (Cochin 2:26)
Note: The Cochin manuscript uses two verses, which are numbered 26 & 27. For this reason, the verse is
divided into parts A & B for comparison.
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
111
112
The Scriptures: 27a
into pieces,
Aramaic: 27a and he shall rule them with a rod of iron; and like vessels of pottery, shall they be broken:
113
3ms)
marker, 3mp pron)
by (the) rod of, staff,
(prep, n ms pronom)
(n ms)
or like/as an
instrument, tool,
he/it create(s),
ms)
shatter, them into
yiqtol, fut, 2ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 2:27B (Cochin 2:27)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
114
The Scriptures: as I also have received from My Father.
Aramaic: I also have received of my Father.
111
See Psalms 2:9, Jewish Publication Society (JPS). This phrase is also used in Revelation 12:5, and 19:15.
112
God of heaven set up a kingdom, which shall never be destroyed: and
the kingdom shall not be left to other people, but it shall break in pieces and consume all these kingdoms, and it shall stan
113
See 1 Samuel 17:40b, Jewish Publication Society (JPS).
114
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or as/ like/
which/ who/ whom I
past, 1cs)
1cs pronom)
therefore, in this
2nd Temple
fut, 1cs)
(prep, 3ms pronom)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 2:28
Note: This verse does not exist in the Cochin manuscript.
The Scriptures
Aramaic: And I will give him the morning star.
Revelation 2:29 (Cochin 2:28)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
The Scriptures:
Aramaic: He that hath ears, let him hear what the Spirit saith to the churches.
part)
that/ who/ whom
there is, there
part)
(prep, 3ms pronom)
mp)
part, ms)
(inter part)
which/ who/ whom
part, n cs)
ms)
belonging to the
congregation,
fs)
Interlinear Chart
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Cochin Revelation Chapter 3
Pageview Image MS Cochin Oo.1.16.2 Chapter 3
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Revelation 3:1
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
of Yehovah
115
and the seven stars: I know your works because you have a name
116
that lives, yet you are
The Scriptures
are dead.
Aramaic: And to the angel of the church which is at Sardis, write: These things saith he who hath the seven
Spirits of God, and the seven stars: I know thy works, that thou hast a name that thou livest, and thou art
dead.
for/ belonging to the
(prep, n ms)
the congregation/
fs)
(name)
Note: Greek
transliteration
3ms)
that/ who/ whom
there is, there
part)
(prep, 3ms pronom)
Yehovah
but/ so/ or the
mp)
ms)
et, (DO marker)
your (ms)
n mp, 2ms pronom)
clause)
ms)
exists, (part)
(prep, 2ms pronom)
(rel part, 2ms
pronom)
ms)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
115
See Revelation 1:4 for more details on the seven Spirits of Yehovah.
116
The word, (shem)
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Revelation 3:2
Hebrew Transcription
Translation, because I did not find your
works
The Scriptures
works complete before Elohim.
Aramaic: Awake, and preserve the things that remain, which are ready to die; for I have not found thy
works complete before my God.
part)
2ms)
but/ so/ or you will
2ms)
(prep, pron, ms)
which/ who/ whom
I/ you (ms)/ he/it
ms)
clause)
neg
part)
past 1cs)
et, (DO marker)
your (ms) deeds,
2ms pronom)
/he/it is over,
ms)
before the face of,
before me, in front
Yehovah
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 3:3
Hebrew Transcription
TranslationAnd now remember how you received and heard and establish them. So, repent!
117
But if
not, I will come upon you unexpectedly,
118
117
Also see footnotes on Revelation 2:7 regarding the end of day servants of
Yehovah.
118
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The Scriptures
do not wake up, I shall come upon you as a thief, and you shall not know at all what hour I come upon you.
Aramaic: Remember therefore how thou hast received and heard; and observe [those precepts], and repent.
If then thou wilt not wake up, I will come upon thee as a thief; and thou shalt not know at what hour I will
come upon thee.
119
2nd Temple
zakor,''(to a man)
Pa'al/Qal, imp, 2ms)
Mishnaic
which who/ whom
(rel part, v. Pi'el,
qatal, past, 2ms)
but/ so/ or you (ms)
qatal, past, 2ms)
but/ so/ or I/ you
(ms) he/it
maintain(s),
fulfill(s),
act part, ms)
marker, 3mp pron)
120
Pa'al/Qal, imp, 2ms)
wrong pronoun
2nd Temple
(conj)
2nd Temple
Note: unusual
spelling (or
Aramaic), Jastrow
(v. Pa'al/Qal, yiqtol,
fut, 1cs)
upon; over; about,
(prep, 2ms 'pronom)
Idiom:
who/ whom nothing,
not, non-
(prep, part)
2nd Temple
Pa'al/Qal, act part,
ms)
by who, what,
(prep, pron)
a set time, appointed
which/ who/ whom I
v. Pa'al/Qal, yiqtol,
fut, 1cs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 3:4
Hebrew Transcription
TranslationFor they are worthy because they did not defile
their garments
121
The Scriptures
they shall walk with Me in white, because they are worthy.
119
See Revelation 1:18 for first occurrence.
120
Second Temple word first used in the Mishnah, Berakhot
121
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Aramaic: Yet thou hast a few names in Sardis, who have not defiled their garments; and they shall walk
with me in white, for they are worthy.
122
so/ or again, also,
too, in addition,
ms, 2ms pronom)
Nif'al, act part, ms)
name)
Note: Greek
transliteration
(rel part, neg part)
past, 3mp)
et, (DO marker)
with/ by their
mp, 3mp pronom)
so/ or they, these,
pronom)
Pa'al/Qal, yiqtol, fut,
3mp)
(prep, 1cs pronom)
(prep, n mp)
(adj mp)
clause)
pronom)
(adj mp)
(prep, pron, ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 3:5
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
The Scriptures
name from the Book of Life, but I shall confess his name before My Father and before His messengers.
Aramaic: He that is victorious, shall be so clothed in white robes; and I will not blot out their name from
the book of life; and I will confess their name before my Father, and before his angels.
whom I/ you (ms)/
(rel part, v. Pi'el, act
part, ms)
Pa'al/Qal, yiqtol, fut
2ms)
(prep, n mp)
(adj)
part)
122
The scribe uses gershayim (two slash marks) to indicate that this is an abbreviation for a name. This does not affect the
translation.
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Pa'al/Qal, yiqtol, fut
1cs)
et, (DO marker)
pronom)
Idiom: fe
2nd Temple
Hif'il act part, ms)
et, (DO marker)
pronom)
before the face of,
before me, in front
ms, 1cs pronom)
so/ or before, in front
(prep)
3mp pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 3:6
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
The Scriptures
Aramaic: He that hath ears, let him hear what the Spirit saith to the churches.
mi,
part)
that/ who/ whom
'there is, there
(prep, 3ms pronom)
mp)
you(ms)/ he/it
Pa'al/Qal, act part,
ms)
(inter part)
which/ who/ whom
the spirit/ wind,
cs)
he/it those who
Pa'al/Qal, act part,
ms)
belonging to the
congregation,
fs)
Interlinear Chart
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Revelation 3:7
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
Faithful. This is he who has the Key of David, the One who opens, and no one can shut; and the One
123
who shuts, so
124
The Scriptures-apart, He
who is true, He who has the key of Dawi, He who opens and no one shuts, and shuts and no one opens,
says this:
Aramaic: And to the angel of the church which is at Philadelphia, write: These things saith he that is holy,
he that is true, he that hath the key of David, who openeth and no man shutteth, and shutteth and no man
openeth;
for/ belonging to the
(prep, n ms)
the congregation,
fs)
filadelfia,
(name)
Note: Greek
transliteration
(v. Pa'al/Qal, imp
2ms)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
you (ms)/ he/it is
(v. Nif'al, act part,
ms)
that/ who/ whom
there is, there
part)
(prep, 3ms pronom)
125
David, (name)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, act
part, ms)
v' sum
or any (in a neg
sentence)
num, adj)
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
Pa'al/Qal, inf)
(ms)/ he/it close(s),
shut(s), lock(s) the
Pa'al/Qal, act part,
ms)
123
The word (echad), can be translated as meaning, a person.
124
See Isaiah 22:22.
125
In Deuteronomy 17:15, this word is used in a negative sense as an infinitive absolute.
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sentence)
card num)
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
(v. Pa'al/Qal inf
constr)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 3:8
Hebrew Transcription
Translationworks. See, I have given you an open doorway,
126
that no one can shut. But
you have little power, but you kept my Words and did not deny My N
The Scriptures see, I have set before you an open door, and no one is able to shut it
that you have little power, yet have guarded My Word, and have not denied My Name.
Aramaic: I know thy works. And lo, I have set before thee an open door, which no man can shut: because
thou hast a little strength; and thou hast kept my word, and hast not denied my name.
ms)
et, (DO marker)
your (ms) deeds,
2ms pronom)
(to a man)
imp, ms)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
you, before your
pronom)
127
opening,
opportunity,
(n ms)
(adj ms)
sumany (in a neg
sentence)
card num)
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, inf
constr)
marker, 3mp pron)
clause)
few, less, lesser,
(n ms)
exists, (part)
(prep, 2ms pronom)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past 2ms)
tense mismatch
et, (DO marker)
126
This phrase can mean, door, opening, entrance, or opportunity and is similar to John 10:9, when Yeshua says he is
It is also interesting to note Yehovah (i.e. Mountain of Yehovah, or
Mount Sinai). The language seems to be describing some kind of portal.
127
If this is referring to the door, then it is the wrong pronoun. However, if this is referring to
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(n ms,1cs pronom)
(pron, neg adv)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, act part
ms)
n ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 3:9
Hebrew Transcription
Translationose of the fellowship of Satan
128
who say they are Jews,
129
but are not
they are only liars. See, I will make them come to pray
130
at your feet, for you
131
The Scripturesim and
are not, but lie. See, I am making them come and worship before your feet, and to know that I have loved
you.
Aramaic: Behold, I will give them of the congregation of Satan, who say they are Jews, and are not, but
lie, behold I will make them to come and do obeisance before thy feet; and to know that I have loved thee.
Pa'al/Qal, imp, 2ms)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, yiqtol,
fut, 1cs)
to/ for/
belonging to these,
those3mp
pronom)
2nd Temple
shee
which/ who/ they,
these, those
(prep, pron 3mp)
of (the) fellowship
satan, the satan,
(n ms)
the I/
you (ms)/ he/it
Pa'al/Qal, act part
mp)
she
which/ who/ they,
these, those
(prep, 3mp pronom)
Judeans,
pronom)
(part)
we/ you
(mp)/ they, those
who are liars,
(to a man)
imp, ms)
she
which/ who/ whom
pron)
he/ it want(s), one
(v. Pa'al/Qal, act
part, ms)
Pa'al/Qal, inf)
she
which/ who/ they,
those, these
(rel part, 3mp
pronom)
yiqtol, fut 3mp)
lit to
judge, to execute
judgement,
spelling error
belonging to your
2ms pronom)
128
129
The word, Yehudim, can mean Judean.
130
Root:
This word is misspelled and should be: (lefalel).
131
See Isaiah 45:14, 49:23, 60:14.
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)
she' havati/
that/ who/ whom 'I
(rel part, v.
Pa'al/Qal, act part,
1cs)
otacha, (DO marker)
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 3:10
Hebrew Transcription
Translationecause you kept
132
the Word, as I hoped, I will keep you from the time of the coming trial
upon the earth, to test those dwelling
The Scriptures:
of trial which shall come upon all the world, to try those who dwell on the earth.
Aramaic: Because thou hast kept the word of my patience, I also will keep thee from the hour of
temptation, that is to come on all the inhabited world, to try them who dwell on the earth.
(conj)
she
which/ who/ whom
you (ms) guarded,
(rel part, v.
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past
3ms)
according to my
pronom)
kac
therefore, in this
2nd Temple
guard, I will keep,
guard,
(v. Pa'al/Qal, yiqtol,
fut 1cs)
otacha, (DO
(prep, 2ms pronom)
fs)
trial, the
(n ms)
ha'ba
(adj ms)
(prep)
(n fs)
132
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belonging to these,
those, the following
(prep, 3mp pronom)
2nd Temple
hadarim, we/
you (mp)/ they,
those dwelling
Pa'al/Qal, act part
mp)
pon, in, on,
over, by, for, both,
beyond, through
(prep)
(n fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 3:11
Hebrew Transcription
Translationcome
The Scriptures
Aramaic: I come quickly: hold fast what thou hast, so that no one take thy crown.
133
re'e, (to a man)
imp, ms)
yiqtol, fut, 1cs)
(adv)
2nd Temple
(v. Pa'al/Qal,
imp 2ms)
(inter part)
that/ who/ whom
there is, there
part)
134
lecha
(prep, 2ms pronom)
according to, as, in
(rel part, neg part)
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
any (in a neg
sentence)
(card num)
et, (DO marker)
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
133
See Revelation 2:5 for more details on this Second Temple word.
134
In Deuteronomy 17:15, this word is used in a negative sense as an infinitive absolute.
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Revelation 3:12
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
135
and the name of the new
Jerusalem, which is the city of my Eloah, which will come from the heavens to the earth, and also My new
N
The Scriptures
Elohim, and he shall by no means go out. And I shall write on him the Name of My Elohim and the name
of the city of My Elohim, the renewed Yerushalayim, which comes down out of the heaven from My
Elohim, and My renewed Name.
Aramaic: Him that is victorious, will I make a pillar in the temple of my God; and he shall not again go
out: and I will write upon him the name of my God, and of the new Jerusalem which descendeth from
heaven from my God, and my own new name.
mi,
part)
she'menatzeach,
whom I/ you (ms)/
part, ms)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, yiqtol,
fut 1cs)
him, by him,
(prep, 3ms pronom)
my God(s)prep, n
mp, 1cs pronom)
but/ so/ or the
136
''from/ of/ out of
name)
fs)
God(s)n mp, 1cs
pronom)
she
which/ who/ whom
he/it
part, v. Pa'al/Qal,
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
m'hashamayim,
(prep, n mp)
e/ for/
belonging to the
, n fs)
my God(s)prep, n
mp, 1cs pronom)
so/ or again, also,
too, in addition,
(n ms, 1cs pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 3:13
Hebrew Transcription
135
This word is repeated three times in this verse and is the singular form of Elohim.
136
Both and are correct spellings of Jerusalem.
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Translation
The Scriptures
Aramaic: He that hath ears, let him hear what the Spirit saith to the churches.
mi,
part)
that/ who/ whom
there is, there
part)
(prep, 3ms pronom)
mp)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, act
part, ms)
(inter part)
/which/ who/ whom
the Spirit, wind,
cs)
Pa'al/Qal, act part,
ms)
belonging to the
congregation,
fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 3:14
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
137
The faithful
The Scriptures
and True Witness, the Beginning of the creation of Elohim, says this:
Aramaic: And to the angel of the church which is at Laodicea, write: These things saith the Amen, the
witness, the faithful, the true, the Chief of the creation of God:
vach
but/ so/ or to/ for/
belonging to the
(prep, n ms)
the congregation,
fs)
Laoditzea (name)
Note: Greek
transliteration
imp, 2ms)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
Amen (adv)
137
is .
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ne'eman, loyal,
faithful, devoted
(adj, ms)
t'chila,
the creation,
(prep, n fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 3:15
Hebrew Transcription
Translationworks, that you are neither cold nor hot. I would rather that you be either cold
The Scriptures
Aramaic: I know thy works, that thou art neither hot, nor cold; I would that thou wert cold or hot.
ms)
et, (DO marker)
(n mp, 2ms pronom)
she
which/ who/ whom
pronom)
part)
(neg part)
ms)
perhaps, it may be
she
which/ who/ whom
yiqtol, fut, 2ms)
conj)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 3:16
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
The Scriptures
My mouth.
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Aramaic: So, because thou art lukewarm, neither hot nor cold, I am about to vomit thee from my mouth.
138
indeed, truly,
verily, surely, but
however, howbeit,
contrariwise, nay
kive
firm, erect,
faithfulness, fashion,
fasten,
inf abs)
Mishnaic
she
which/ who/ whom
pronom)
part)
ms)
for, for the
sake of, for this
ze, 'this (pron, ms)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
3ms)
tense mismatch
wrong pronoun
otacha, (DO
(2ms pronom)
/ of my
1cs pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 3:17
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
The Scriptures
that you are wretched, and pitiable, and poor, and blind, and naked.
Aramaic: Because thou sayest, I am rich and affluent, and have no want of any thing; and thou knowest
not, that thou art impotent, and miserable, and needy, and blind, and naked;
pronom)
yiqtol, fut, 2ms)
(adj ms)
so/ or there is, there
1cs)
sufficiency,
(adv)
139
pronom)
wrong pronoun
necessity,
to/ for/
belonging to any
(prep, in a neg
sentence)
mattern ms)
verily, surely, but
however, howbeit,
contrariwise, nay
rather,'' (adv)
(pron, neg adv)
Pa'al/Qal, act part,
ms)
138
The word with this spelling is found in the Mishnah Berakhot dating from c. 190CE to 230CE.
139
In Deuteronomy 17:15, this word is used in a negative sense as an infinitive absolute.
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she'atah/
which/ who/ whom
pronom)
ms)
(adj, ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 3:18
Hebrew Transcription
Translationgive my counsel to you: Acquire wealth
140
from Me. And you will dress in white
The Scriptures
garments, so that you become dressed, so that the shame of your nakedness might not be shown; and anoint
your eyes with ointment, so that you see.
Aramaic: I counsel thee to buy of me gold tried in the fire, that thou mayest become rich; and white
raiment, to be clothed, and that the shame of thy nakedness may not be seen; and put eye-salve on thine
eyes, that thou mayest see.
(v. Pa'al/Qal, act part
ms)
(n fs, 1cs pronom)
lecha
(prep, 2ms pronom)
which/ who/ whom
(rel part, v.
Pa'al/Qal, yiqtol, fut,
2ms)
ms)
pronom)
so/ or you will put
yiqtol, fut 2ms)
(prep n mp)
(purity) (adj mp)
but/ so/ or I/
you(ms)/ he/it
act part, ms)
et, (DO marker)
pronom)
(prep, n ms)
140
Literally,
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according to, as, in
which/ who/ whom/
(v. Pa'al/Qal, yiqtol,
fut, 2ms)
Pa'al/Qal, inf constr)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 3:19
141
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
142
The Scriptures
Aramaic: As many as I love, I rebuke and chasten. Be emulous therefore, and repent.
143
Pa'al/Qal, act part
ms)
to/for/
belonging to these,
those3mp
pronom)
2nd Temple
she' havati, that/
which/ who/ whom I
(rel part, v.
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
2nd Temple
tshuvah
2nd Temple
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 3:20
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
will walk in
144
The Scriptures:
come in to him and dine with him, and he with Me.
Aramaic: Behold, I have been standing at the door, and I will knock: if any man hear my voice, and open
the door, I will come in to him, and will sup with him, and he with me.
141
The phrase, (aseh tshuvah) is found commonly found in the Talmud, dating from c. 100 BCE to c.900 CE.
142
Literally, Also see footnotes on Revelation 2:7 regarding the end of day servants of Yehovah.
143
See Revelation 1:18 for first occurrence.
144
The word (shema) and is found in Deuteronomy 6:4.
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imp, ms)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, act part
ms)
before the face of,
before me, in front
(v. Pa'al/Qal, act
part, ms)
so/ or I/ you (ms) /
Pa'al/Qal, act part
ms)
(prep, 3fs pronom)
or by if, when,
whether,
conj)
which/ who/ whom
num)
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
et, (DO marker)
ms, 1cs pronom)
but/ so/ or he will
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, act
part, ms)
belonging to this
(prep, pron ms)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, yiqtol,
fut 1cs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 3:21
Hebrew Transcription
Translationhim to sit with Me upon My throne, in the same way as I
have overcome and sit with my Father upon H
The Scriptures
sat down with My Father on His throne.
Aramaic: And to him that is victorious, to him will I give to sit with me on my throne, even as I was
victorious, and sat down with my Father on his throne.
mi,
part)
that/ which/ who/
whom I/ you (ms)/
he/it overcome
(v. Pi'el, act part,
ms)
l'
(prep pron, ms)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, yiqtol,
fut, 1cs)
sit,
dwell
(v. Pi'el inf constr)
(prep, 1s pronom)
(prep)
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ms, 1cs pronom)
similarly to, such
which/ who/ whom I
Pi'el, qatal, past, 1cs)
/so/ or I will dwell,
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 1cs)
ms, 1 cs pronom)
(prep)
its
throne
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 3:22
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
The Scriptures
Aramaic: He that hath ears to hear, let him hear what the Spirit saith to the churches.
part)
that/ who/ whom
there is, there
part)
(prep, 3ms pronom)
mp)
Pa'al/Qal, act part,
ms)
(inter part)
which/ who/ whom
the Spirit/ wind,
Pa'al/Qal, act part,
ms)
Interlinear Chart
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Cochin Revelation Chapter 4
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Revelation 4:1
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then then I saw an open door in the heavens, and the first voice I heard speaking to me was
like the voice of a shofar.
145
, I want to show you what comes after this!
The Scriptures: After this I looked and saw a door having been opened in the heaven. And the first voice
Aramaic: After these things, I looked and lo, a door [was] open in heaven. And the first voice which I
heard, was as of a trumpet talking with me. It said, Come up hither; and I will show thee the things that
must occur hereafter.
Idiom: "after this way"
2nd Temple
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 1cs)
which I/you (ms)/
part, v. Nif'al, act
part, ms)
(n ms)
num)
with/ by (the)
mp)
v
(n ms)
part, v. Pa'al/Qal,
qatal, past, 1cs)
the
I/ you (fs)/ she/it
act part, fs)
(prep, 1cs pronom)
(prep, n ms)
(
past, 3ms)
(prep, 1cs pronom)
bo, (to a man)
,
2ms)
belonging to here,
ms)
explain, to cause to
see
constr)
145
The voice of a shofar implies the shofar blast of war (see Nehemiah 4:20). For after the shofar blast, the Spirit soaks over John
and he is shown various images in the heavenlies that demonstrates Yehovah and His Seven Spirits are about to bring judgement.
Then, in Revelation 5, the seals are opened and Yehovah brings a
great judgement upon the earth. It is also important to note that in Nehemiah 4:20, at the sound of the shofar blast, Yehovah fights on
behalf of the children of Israel.
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lecha
(prep, 2ms pronom)
(inter part)
shee
which/ who/ whom
he/it
part, v. Pa'al/Qal,
yiqtol, fut, ms)
Idiom: "after this way"
2nd Temple
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 4:2
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And immediately, the Holy Spirit soaked over me, and I saw a throne sitting in the heavens,
and upon the throne was One sitting upon it.
The Scriptures: And immediately I came to be in the Spirit and saw a throne set in the heaven, and One sat
on the throne.
Aramaic: Instantly, I was in the Spirit: and lo, a throne was placed in heaven; and there was [one] seated
on the throne.
so/ or in a moment,
very soon, at once,
(adv)
so/ or immediately,
(adv)
he/it rest(s),
part, ms)
over/ by/ through
me
h'kthe
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 1cs)
ms)
num)
past, 3ms)
with/ by (the)
mp)
v'al, and/ but/ so/
or on,
he/it sit(s),
ms)
num, adj)
Interlinear Chart
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Revelation 4:3
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then He who sat upon it, His countenance was like the appearance of a sapphire stone and
jasper, and around the throne was a rainbow as an emerald.
The Scriptures: And He who sat there was like a jasper and a ruby stone in appearance. And there was a
rainbow around the throne, like an emerald in appearance.
Aramaic: And he who sat, was like the appearance of a jasper-stone, and of a sardine [sard], and of a
rainbow of the clouds, round about the throne, in form as the appearance of emeralds.
but/ so/ or the I/you
(ms)/ he/it sit(s),
ms)
(prep, 3ms pronom)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
countenance,
3ms pronom)
countenance,
n ms)
saffire
ms)
ms)
(adv)
belonging to the
he/
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
num)
similarly to, such
(n ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 4:4
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And around the throne were twenty-four seats. Upon them were sitting twenty-four elders,
clothed in white garments, and upon their heads, a crown of gold.
The Scriptures: And around the throne were twenty-four thrones, and on the thrones I saw twenty-four
elders sitting, dressed in white robes. And they had crowns of gold on their heads.
Aramaic: Around the throne were twenty and four seats; and upon those seats sat twenty and four Elders,
who were clothed in white robes, and on whose heads were coronets of gold.
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(adv)
belonging to (the)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
num)
num)
(n mp)
but/ so/ or upon
pronom)
(mp)/ they sit(s),
dwell(s)v.
num)
num)
mp)
lavush
(adj ms)
me/
with/ by (the)
(prep, n mp)
(adj mp)
v' al,
or on,
pronom)
ms)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 4:5
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then from the throne came sounds - thunders and lightnings - and seven lamps were before
the throne for those are the seven Spirits of Yehovah.
146
The Scriptures: And out of the throne came lightnings, and thunders, and voices. And seven lamps of fire
were burning before the throne, which are the seven Spirits of Elohim.
Aramaic: And from the throne proceeded lightnings, and the sound of thunders; and seven lamps of fire
were burning before his throne, which are the seven Spirits of God.
so/ but/ or from/ of
ms)
ms)
and/
but/ so/ or (the)
so/ or lightnings,
(n mp)
iv
num)
146
See Revelation 1:4 for more details on the seven Spirits of Yehovah.
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before the face of,
before me, in front
so/ or these, those,
the following,
(3mp pronom)
2nd Temple
pronom)
shiv
(card num)
fp)
Yehovah
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 4:6
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And before the throne was a sea of glass
147
like an amethyst; and in the midst and around the
throne were four living creatures
148
full of eyes in front and back.
The Scriptures: And before the throne there was a sea of glass, like crystal. And in the midst of the throne,
and around the throne, were four living creatures, covered with eyes in front and in back.
Aramaic: And before the throne, as it were a sea of glass like crystal; and in the midst of the throne, and
around it, and before the throne, were four Animals, full of eyes in their front and in their rear.
so/ or before, in
front of, before
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
num)
(prep)
n fs)
achlama,
but/ so/ or inside,
(adv)
belonging to the
ms)
num)
fp)
past, 3ms)
fp)
them, their face(s)
(prep, 3mp pronom)
from/ of behind
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
147
148
The word
when referring to the creatures before the throne of Yehovah.
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Revelation 4:7
149
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And the first living creature was like the image of a lion; the second like an ox; the third like
a man; and the fourth, like an eagle.
The Scriptures: And the first living creature was like a lion, and the second living creature like a calf, and
the third living creature had a face like a man, and the fourth living creature was like a flying eagle.
Aramaic: And the first Animal resembled a lion; and the second Animal resembled a calf; and the third
Animal had a face like a man; and the fourth Animal resembled an eagle when flying.
so/ or the beast,
fs)
(ord num)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
n fs)
ms)
but/ so/ or the
just as,
(prep, n ms)
but/ so/ or the
n ms)
a
but/ so/ or the
fourth,
n ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 4:8
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Every one of them had six wings
150
and filled with eyes within.
151
And there was no rest for
them day or night, as they continually declare
152
is Yehovah of Armies, the Almighty
153
The Scriptures: And the four living creatures, each having six wings, were covered with eyes around and
-apart, set-apart, set-apart,
149
The crossed-out word appears to have been struck through by the original scribe and does not affect translation and therefore was
not included.
150
See Isaiah 6:3.
151
See Ezekiel 1:18.
152
See Isaiah 6:1-13.
153
See Exodus 3:14.
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Aramaic: And these four Animals had, each of them, six wings around it: and within they were full of
eyes: and they have no cessation, day or night, from saying: Holy, Holy, Holy, the Lord God, the
Omnipotent, who was, and is, and is to come.
v
so/ or to/ for/
belonging to (the)
num)
num)
(prep, n ms)
melelufilled,
fp)
(neg part)
(prep, 3mp pronom)
fs)
ms)
but/ so/ or we/ you
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
ms)
ms)
ms)
Yehovah
ms)
past, 3ms)
2nd Temple
so/ or I/you
ms)
yihye
so/ or he/it will be,
yiqtol,
fut, 3ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 4:9
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: At that time, the living creatures praised and gave thanks to this One sitting upon the throne
and lives forever and ever.
The Scriptures: And when the living creatures give esteem and respect and thanks to Him who sits on the
throne, who lives forever and ever,
Aramaic: And when these Animals give glory and honor and praise to him that sitteth on the throne, to
him who liveth for ever and ever,
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but/ so/ or in/ with/
by (the) hour, at that
fs)
which/ who/ whom
the beasts, living
n fp)
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
(n ms)
a
so/ or thanksgiving,
(prep, pron, ms)
which/ who/ whom
I/ you (ms)/ he/it
act part, ms)
(prep)
k'chay, "and/ but/
so/ or as/ like (the)
living" or "and my
strength," (prep, n
ms)
(prep, n ms)
(prep)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 4:10
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: There were twenty-four elders prostrate before Him, praying
154
the One who lives forever
and ever, casting their crowns before Him, saying,
The scriptures: the twenty-four elders fall down before Him who sits on the throne and bow before Him
who lives forever and ever, and they cast their crowns before the throne, saying,
Aramaic: the twenty and four Elders fall down before him who sitteth on the throne, and they worship him
who liveth for ever and ever; and they cast their coronets before the throne, saying,
past, 3mp)
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
(card num)
num)
mp)
him/it
pronom)
but/ so/ or we/ you
(mp)/ they, those
(v. , act part,
mp)
154
Root:
(See Revelation 3:9)
from Arabic
ل
َ
ف (falla)
execute a
21:7; Ezekiel 10:1; Jeremiah 29:7, 42:4; Genesis 20:7, 17; Deuteronomy 9:20, 25; 1 Samuel 2:25, 7:5; 12; 2 Chronicles 30:18; and
Job 42:8 (late). Lastly, linguistic anthropology is very difficult when defining the meaning of this verb when it was used. However,
consider a few options to the meaning of this word. (1) It can mean nflicting himself to bring an executed judgement. (2) It can
also mean dialoging (with Yehovah). (3) Or perhaps it means both: raying/inflicting oneself for a judgement while dialoging.
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/ for/
belonging to this,
(prep, pron, ms)
whom I/ you (ms)/
act part, ms)
(prep, n ms)
(prep)
ms)
but/ so/ or we/ you
(mp)/ those
tossing
mp)
pronom)
:
pronom)
but/ so/ or we/ you
part, mp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 4:11
Hebrew Transcription
TranslationYou created all things, and by the
hand of Your will, everything was made."
The Scriptures, to receive esteem and respect and power, for You have created
Aramaic: Worthy art thou, O Lord our God, the Holy, to receive glory and honor and power; for thou hast
created all things, and by thee they exist; and because of thy pleasure they had being and were created.
155
2ms)
(adj fs)
gender mismatch
Mishnaic
ms)
but/ so/ or glory,
splendor, beauty,
fs)
clause)
155
The added yod () mater lectionis is a unique late Second Temple Hebrew linguistic shift due to the pressure of the neighboring
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2ms)
past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
hand ofidiom)
(n ms, 2ms pronom)
nI/ you (ms)/
ms)
Interlinear Chart
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Cochin Revelation Chapter 5
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Revelation 5:1
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And the One who sat upon the throne: I saw in His right hand a scroll sealed from within and
on the outside with seven seals.
The Scriptures: And I saw in the right hand of Him who sat on the throne a scroll written inside and on the
back, having been sealed with seven seals.
Aramaic: And I saw, at the right hand of him who sat on the throne, a book, which was written within and
on the back side, and which was sealed with seven seals.
or thispron, ms)
which/ who/ whom
he/it sat, (rel
qatal, past, 3ms)
(prep)
1cs)
fs)
pronom)
num)
v' chatum, and/ but
/ so/ or I/ you (ms)/
part, ms)
b'
with/ by (the)
(prep, n fp)
of (the) interior,
u/
but/ so/ or from/ of
in/ with/ by (the)
(prep, n ms)
(prep, card num)
chatimot,
(n fp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 5:2
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And I saw a messenger cry
The Scriptures
Aramaic: And I saw a strong angel, who proclaimed with a loud voice, Who is competent to open the
book, and to loose the seals thereof?
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Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
malach,
(n ms)
num)
he/it shout(s), cry(s),
part, ms)
(prep, n ms)
ms)
mi,
part)
:
(adj fs)
unlock, to unseal
constr)
et, (DO marker)
ms)
v
but/ so/ or to
shatter, break,
inf constr)
fp, 3 ms pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 5:3
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: But no one in the heavens or on the earth was able to open the scroll and see it.
The Scriptures: And no one in the heaven or on the earth or under the earth was able to open the scroll, or
to look at it.
Aramaic: And no one either in heaven above, or on the earth, or beneath the earth, was able to open the
book, or to look thereon.
156
v'sum
any (in a neg
sentence)
num)
with/ by (the)
mp)
ue
so/ or with/ in/ by/
(prep, n fs)
qatal, past 3ms)
:
ms)
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
156
In Deuteronomy 17:15, this word is used in a negative sense as an infinitive absolute.
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Revelation 5:4
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And I wept much because not one was found worthy to do this thing.
The Scriptures: And I wept much, because no one was found worthy to open and read the scroll, or to look
at it.
Aramaic: And I wept much, because no one was found, who was competent to open the book, or to look
on it.
for/ or I/ you (ms)/
part, ms)
(adv)
(conj)
(neg part)
num)
:
belonging to this,
this onepron ms)
ha
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 5:5
Hebrew Transcription
Translationfamily of
The Scripturesah, the
Root of Dawi
Aramaic: And one of the Elders said to me, Weep not; behold, the Lion of the tribe of Judah, the Root of
David, hath been victorious: He will open the book, and its seven seals.
num)
mp)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
pron)
yiqtol, fut, 2ms)
Pa'al/Qal, imp, ms)
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which/ who/ whom
(the) eternal,
ms)
hathe, that/
there is, there
m' meshpachti,
,
tribe, clan
fs, 1cs pronom)
Should be spelled:
m' ha' shoresh,
(prep, n ms)
David, (name)
constr)
ha
ms)
ha' shiv
chatimot,
(n fp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 5:6
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: I saw in the midst of the throne, the living creatures and the twenty-four elders, standing as a
Lamb that was killed. And He had seven horns and seven eyes, which are the seven Spirits of Yehovah
157
sent into all the earth.
The Scriptures: And I looked and saw in the midst of the throne and of the four living creatures, and in the
midst of the elders a Lamb standing, as having been slain, having seven horns and seven eyes, which are
the seven Spirits of Elohim sent out into all the earth.
Aramaic: And I looked, and in the midst of the Elders stood a lamb, as if slain; and it had seven horns, and
seven eyes, which are the seven Spirits of God that are sent into all the earth.
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
Sh
which/ who/ whom
insiderel
part, prep)
but/ so/ or the beasts,
living creatures
fp)
(card num)
(card num)
mp)
ms)
num)
similarly to, such
she
which/ who/ whom
3ms)
or to/ for/ belonging
3ms pronom)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
3ms)
157
See Isaiah 11:2 for the use of and not . Also refer to Revelation 1:4 for more details on the seven Spirits of Yehovah.
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shiv
(card num)
k
(n fp)
(card num)
fp)
or these, those, the
pronom)
2nd Temple
ha' shiv
s
cp)
:
Yehovah
(v. Nif'al, act part,
ms)
ms)
(n fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 5:7
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And He came and took the scroll from the right hand of He who sat upon the throne.
The Scriptures: And He came and took the scroll out of the right hand of Him sitting on the throne.
Aramaic: And he came, and took the book from the right hand of him who sat on the throne.
and/ but/ so/
past, 3ms)
past, 3ms)
ms)
fs)
so/ or his/its right
pronom)
thisprep, pron
ms)
she
which/ who sat (rel
qatal, past 3ms)
:
(prep)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 5:8
Hebrew Transcription
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Translation: And when He took the scroll, the four living creatures
158
and twenty-four elders fell before
the Lamb. And in their hands were a lyre and censors full of incense, which are the prayers of the holy
ones.
The Scriptures: And when He took the scroll, the four living creatures and the twenty-four elders fell
down before the Lamb, each holding a harp, and golden bowls filled with incense, which are the prayers of
the set-apart ones.
Aramaic: And when he took the book, the four Animals and the twenty and four Elders fell down before
the Lamb, each of them having a harp, and cups of gold full of odors, which are the supplications of the
saints.
so/ or in/ with/ by
fs)
she
which/ who/ whom
past 3ms)
ms)
past, 3mp)
noflim, we/ you
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
(card num)
fp)
num)
v' ashrim, and/ but/
so/ or twenty
mp)
before the face of,
before me, in front
ms)
but/ so/ or in their
pronom)
musical instrument,
so/ or (the) utensils,
(n fp)
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
ketoret,
pron)
(n ms constr)
holy ones, the set-
mp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 5:9
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And they sang
159
seals, for You were slain, and You redeemed us by Y
158
Ezekiel 1:5-6.
159
This can also be qatal, past tense. The (root: Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old
Testament (HALOT). David is an
example of a miracle singer (1 Samuel 16:18, 23; 2 Samuel 23:1). There are 57 miracle songs in the Psalms called (mizmorim
plural). The root is (zamar). Suzanne Haïk-Vantoura
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The Scriptures
seals, because You were slain, and have redeemed us to Elohim by Your blood out of every tribe and
tongue and people and nation,
Aramaic: And they sung a new anthem, saying: Competent art thou, to take the book, and to open the seals
thereof; because thou wast slain, and hast redeemed us to God by thy blood, out of every tribe, and tongue,
and people, and nation;
160
161
3mp)
Hebrew marker
(n ms)
you(ms)/ he/it
ms)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
3mp)
2ms)
(adj fs)
Mishnaic
the book,
scroll, document
ms)
but/ so/ or to open,
et, (DO marker)
fp, 3ms pronom)
clause)
2ms)
(v. Nif'al, act part,
ms)
so/ or you bought,
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 2ms)
1cp)
but/ in your
ms, 2 mp pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 5:10
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
162
so we become
The Scriptures
Aramaic: and thou hast made them kings and priests to our God; and they reign on the earth.
developed the music of the Tanakh. She successfully translated all 150 Psalms into the music of the Bible. Bob McDonald, a
musician and computer software programmer created a software to according
translate much of the Tanakh into music. See website: https://meafar.blogspot.com/p/about.html.
160
The song is either new (adjective masculine singular) or renewed (active participle) from old. See Ecclesiastes 1:9.
161
The added yod ( ) mater lectionis is a unique Second Temple Hebrew linguistic shift due to the pressure of the neighboring
uses this exact spelling and is traced from as early as c. 100 BCE to 900 CE.
162
Also see Exodus 19:6, Isa 61:6; 66:21; 1 Peter 2:5,9; Revelation 1:6, 5:10; 20:6.
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so/ or you made
2ms)
1cp)
belonging to
but/ so/ or to/ for/
belonging to (the)
(pron 1cp)
qatal, past, 3mp)
wrong pronoun
spelling error
tense mismatch
(n mp)
(prep)
(n fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 5:11
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then I saw and heard many voices of messengers surrounding the throne. Their number was
thousands of thousands.
The Scriptures: And I looked, and I heard the voice of many messengers around the throne, and the living
creatures, and the elders. And the number of them was myriads of myriads, and thousands of thousands,
Aramaic: And I looked, and I heard, as it were the voice of many angels, around the throne, and the
Animals and the Elders; and the number of them was a myriad of myriads, and thousand of thousands,
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past,1cs)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past,1cs)
(adv)
alachim,
n mp)
(adv)
belonging to the
but/ so/ or their
pronom)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
3ms)
(n mp)
great many, tens of
Interlinear Chart
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Revelation 5:12
Hebrew Transcription
Translation
The Scriptures
Aramaic: who said, with a loud voice; Competent is the Lamb that was slain, to receive power, and riches,
and wisdom, and strength, and honor, and glory, and blessing;
so/ or I/ you (mp)/
ms)
(n ms)
ms)
ms)
slain, the (one)
ms)
(adj fs)
belonging to (the)
strength, power,
force,(prep n ms)
163
but/ so/ or to/ for/
belonging to the)
prep, n ms)
v'l
so/ or to/ for/
belonging to (the)
glory
v
so/ or to/ for/
belonging to (the)
, n fp)
2nd Temple
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 5:13
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: All the living creatures in the heavens and upon the earth, beneath the earth and in the sea: I
The Scriptures: And every creature which is in the heaven and on the earth and under the earth and such
163
The word, (lit'hilat) is a noun meaning, "to honor" or "to glory". It is found rarely but is in Josephus' War of the Jews 5:11.
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Aramaic: and [to be over] every created thing, that is in heaven, or on earth, or under the earth, or in the
sea; and all that are in them. And I heard him who sat on the throne say: Unto the Lamb be given, blessing,
and honor, and glory, and power, for ever and ever.
v' k
ha' briot, from/ of
(the) creation,
(prep, n fs)
there is, there
with/ by (the)
mp)
(n fs)
so/ or beneath,
(prep)
(n fs)
so/ or in/ with/ by
ms)
who/ whom I/ you
(rel part, v.
ms)
she
which/ who/ whom
we/ you (mp)/ they,
part, v. Pa'al/Qal, act
part, mp)
belonging to this
(prep, pron ms)
(ms)/ he/it sit(s),
ms)
(prep)
so/ or to/ for/
belonging to (the)
v' tehilot, "and/ but/
so/ or praises,
adoration, glories,"
(n fp)
but/ so/ or (the)
(the) eternity,
ms)
ms)
:
(the) eternity,
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 5:14
Hebrew Transcription
Translation-four elders fell, praying to
the One who lives forever and ever.
The Scriptures-four elders fell down and
bowed before Him who lives forever and ever.
Aramaic: And the four Animals said: Amen. And the Elders fell down, and adored.
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(card num)
but/ so/ or the
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
(card num)
(card num)
mp)
164
(mp)/ they, those
Pa'al/Qal, act part,
mp)
l
but/ so /or (the) we/
you (mp)/ they pray,
, act part,
mp)
belonging to this
(pron ms)
which who I/ you
part, ms)
(the) eternity,
forever, long
duration, forever,
everlasting, (prep, n
ms)
(prep)
(the) eternity,
forever, long
duration, forever,
everlasting, (prep, n
ms)
Interlinear Chart
164
See Revelation 4:10 for first use of this word
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Cochin Revelation Chapter 6
Pageview Image MS Cochin Oo.1.16.2 Chapter 6
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Revelation 6:1
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And I saw the Lamb open one of the seals and I heard the four living creatures say as one
The Scriptures: And I saw when the Lamb opened one of the seals, and I heard one of the four living
Aramaic: And, when the Lamb had opened one of the seven seals, I looked, and I heard one of the four
Animals say, as with a voice of thunder, Come, and see.
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
she'ha
which/ who/ whom
n ms)
part, ms)
num)
(n fp)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
that,
which/ who/ whom,
card num)
fp)
(mp)/ they, those
who say(s)v.
part,ms)
k'qol, "as/like (the)
voice", (prep, n ms)
num)
ve
so/ or (to a man)
imp, 2ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 6:2
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then I saw a white horse, and he who sat upon him had a bow in his hand, and a crown given
to him. And he proceeded to prevail and be victorious.
The Scriptures: And I looked and saw a white horse, and he who sat on it holding a bow. And a crown
was given to him, and he went out overcoming and to overcome.
Aramaic: And I looked, and there was a white horse: and he who sat on it, had a bow; and a coronet was
given to him, and he went forth conquering, that he might conquer.
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Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
num)
ms)
but/ so/ or I/you
ms)
(prep, 3ms pronom)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
3ms)
n fs, 3ms pronom)
num)
or to/ for/ belonging
pronom)
part ms)
ms)
num)
or he/it3ms pron)
past, 3ms)
conquer, to
inf constr)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 6:3
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And when the second seal was opened
The Scriptures
Aramaic: And when he had opened the second seal, I heard the second Animal say, Come.
so/ or because, as
(conj)
which/ who/ whom
I/ you/ (ms)/ he/it is
act part, ms)
chatimot,
s
(n fp)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 1cs)
which/ who/ whom
the beast, living
creature
fs)
:
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
bo, (to a man)
, 2ms)
v
Pa'al/Qal, imp, 2ms)
Interlinear Chart
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Revelation 6:4
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then another went out; a red horse. Sitting on it was authorized to take peace from the earth,
and he was given a great sword.
165
The Scriptures: And another horse, fiery red, went out. And it was given to the one who sat on it to take
peace from the earth, and that they should slay one another. And a great sword was given to him.
Aramaic: And there went forth another, a red horse; and to him who sat thereon, it was given, to take
tranquillity from the earth; and that they should kill one another; and there was given to him a great sword.
past, 3ms)
belonging to
n ms)
(adj ms)
adom,
ms)
but/ so/ or I/you
ms)
on, upon/ by
(prep, 3ms pronom)
166
ms)
Mishnaic
mee
n fs)
or to/ for/ belonging
pron 3ms)
part ms)
ms)
or
fs)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 6:5
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then when
saw a black horse and one sitting on it had a set of scales in his hand.
165
This phrase c
166
The added yod ( ) mater lectionis is a unique Second Temple Hebrew linguistic shift due to the pressure of the neighboring
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The Scriptures:
And I looked and saw a black horse, and he who sat on it holding a pair of scales in his hand.
Aramaic: And when he had opened the third seal, I heard the third Animal say, Come, and see. And I
looked, and lo, a black horse; and he that sat thereon, had a balance in his hand.
but/ so/ or in/ with/
by (the) moment,
n fs)
she’
which/ who/ whom
I/ you (ms)/ he/it
ms)
fp)
past, 3ms)
fs)
ms)
so/ or (to a man) see,
Pa'al/Qal, imp, 2ms)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
num)
(adj ms)
but/ so/ or I/ you
ms)
(prep, pron 3ms)
past, 3ms)
(prep, n ms, 3ms
pronom)
num)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 6:6
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
two faces,
167
three measures of barley for two faces; but the oil and the wine do not injure.
The Scriptures
Aramaic: And I heard a voice in the midst of the four Animals, saying: A choenix of wheat for a denarius,
and three choenices of barley for a denarius; and hurt not the oil and the wine.
167
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(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 1cs)
num)
midst, in the middle,
fp)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
(n fs)
echat
num, fs)
(n fp)
in/ with/
by (the) two,
prep, adj
ms)
(n fp)
num)
(n fp)
seorim,
(n fp)
by (the) two,
num)
(n fp)
v
(n ms)
fut, 2ms)
:
wickednessn ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 6:7
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
The Scriptures: And when He opened the fourth seal, I heard the voice of the fourth living creature saying,
Aramaic: And when he had opened the fourth seal, I heard the fourth Animal say, Come, and see.
v
so/ or because, as
(conj)
she’
which/ who/ whom
I/ you (ms)/ he/it
ms)
fp)
(ord num)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 1cs)
fs)
(ord num)
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:
he/it say(s)v.
Pa'al/Qal, act part,
3ms)
so/ or (to a man) see,
Pa'al/Qal, imp, 2ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 6:8
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then I saw a strong mottled
168
horse and the one who sat on him was named the Messenger
of Death, and Gehinnom
169
went after him. He was given authority to cause death to a fourth upon the
earth with sword, hunger, and death by the living creatures of the earth.
The Scriptures
followed with him. And authority was given to them over a fourth of the earth, to kill with sword, and with
hunger, and with death, and by the beasts of the earth.
Aramaic: And I looked, and lo, a pale horse; and the name of him who sat thereon was Death; and Hades
followed after him. And there was given him authority over the fourth part of the earth, to slay with the
sword, and by famine, and by death, and by the ravenous beast of the earth.
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
numeral)
sprinkled with hail),
ome
or strong, mighty,
courageous, brave,
/ but/ so/
she' yeshav, "that/
which/ who/ whom
past, 3ms)
170
on, upon, by,
concerning
(prep, 3ms pronom)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
3ms)
pronom)
(n ms)
ms)
but/ so/ or the
Gehinnom, hell, or
the valley of
past, 3ms)
168
See Genesis 30:10, Exodus 9:18, 28:17, 30:30. This appears to have a direct correlation with the
horses of Zechariah 6.
169
Gehinnom is a valley outside of Jerusalem where Solomon built a statue of Moloch.
170
The Gehennom or Gehenna, is not a word formed in the Tanakh, but it begins appearing in texts from c. 500 BCE to 1100 CE
(See Perek Shirah, Matthew 5:22).
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3ms)
pron 3ms)
part ms)
authorization,
lehamit, cause to
constr)
chelek
fourth,
(adj ms)
(prep)
(n fs)
u
but/ so/ or with/ by/
for (the) famine,
hungerprep, n
ms)
so/ or in/ with/ by
ms)
fp)
:
(n fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 6:9
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And when He opened the fifth, I saw beneath
171
the holy place,
172
the souls that were killed
for the Holy Name, and for the sake of their testimony.
The Scriptures: And when He opened the fifth seal, I saw under the slaughter-place the beings of those
having been slain for the Word of Elohim and for the witness which they held,
Aramaic: And when he had opened the fifth seal, I saw under the altar the souls of them who were slain on
account of the word of God, and on account of the testimony to the Lamb which was with them.
v
so/ or because, as
(conj)
she’
which/ who/ whom
I/ you (ms)/ he/it
ms)
(adj ms)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
below, bottom, or at
the foot,
kthe holy
171
According to Jastrow’s Dictionary, this word (tachat) also means, as compared to Exodus 24:4 and
Deuteronomy 4:11.
172
The word, mean, the Temple the holy place.
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173
174
which/ who/ whom
(rel part, v. Nif'al,
qatal, past, 3ms)
(prep)
(adj, fs)
(rabbinical term
meaning,
Yehovah)
so/ or for, for the
which/ who/ whom
v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
:
(prep, pron 3mp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 6:10
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
Y
The Scriptures-apart and true, until
Aramaic: And they cried with a loud voice, saying: How long, O Lord, thou holy and true, dost thou not
judge and avenge our blood on them that dwell on the earth?
but/ so/ or we/ you
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
(prep n ms)
ms)
so/ or we/ you (mp)/
part, mp)
(adj ms)
(ms)/ he/it is
act part, ms)
until, up to
(prep)
yiqtol, fut, 2ms)
3ms)
you will
yiqtol, fut,
2ms)
1cp pronom)
these, those, the
following
pron)
2nd Temple
173
Literally, "They were killed."
174
This word, is a rabbinic phrase The Nis used instead of the name of Yehovah. The usage of this
word is according to rabbinic customs because it is believed that the name of Yehovah is too holy to be spoken.
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we/ you
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
(prep)
e
(n fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 6:11
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: still, a
The Scriptures: And there was given to each one a white robe, and they were told that they should rest a
little while longer, until both the number of their fellow servants and their brothers, who would be killed as
they were, was completed.
Aramaic: And to each one of them was given a white robe; and it was told them, that they must be quiet
yet a little while, until the consummation of their fellow-servants and brethren, who were to be killed as
they had been.
175
so/ or to/ for/
belonging to (the)
prep, n ms)
num)
of
them
pronom)
part ms)
melevushei,
ms)
but/ so/ or I/ you
(v. Nif'al, act part,
ms)
176
/ for/
belonging to
(prep, 3mp pronom)
she
which/ who/ whom
you (mp) will be
fut, 2mp)
a set time, appointed
, few in
ms)
Interlinear Chart
175
The word, (melevushi) see Isaiah 63:3 which means "garments."
176
Od and od are the same but the Cochin
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Revelation 6:12
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then I saw that He opened the sixth, then there were tremblings of the earth, and the sun
became dark, and the moon was red as blood.
177
The Scriptures: And I looked when He opened the sixth seal and saw a great earthquake came to be. And
the sun became black as sackcloth of hair, and the moon became as blood.
Aramaic: And I looked, when he had opened the sixth seal, and there was a great earthquake; and the sun
became black, like sackcloth of hair; and the whole moon became like blood.
178
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
she’
which/ who/ whom
I/ you (ms)/ he/it
ms)
past 3ms)
(n fp)
2nd Temple
(n fs)
(n fs)
179
180
past, 3ms)
ve hayareach,
but/ so/ or (the)
moon
haya
3ms)
ms)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 6:13
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: All their armies drop as a withering leaf from the vine, so like a withering fig tree.
181
177
The events to follow will be dreadful. But those who know and call upon the Name of Yehovah shall be delivered. These events
appear be described in Joel 2:30-
smoke, the sun is turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the coming of the great and awesome day of (Yehovah).
And it shall be that everyone who calls on the Name of shall be delivered. For on Mount Tsiyon and in Yerushalayim there shall
be an escape as (Yehovah) has said, and among the survivors whom (Yehovah) The Scriptures 2009, (with
Name added in English). Also see Psalms 91:14-16.
178
This is a late Second Temple word first found in Mishnah Parah 11:2.
179
This word, is
180
The nikkud could have been added to differentiate between the words nikkud (vowel markings)
181
This verse is a stunning reflection of Isaiah 34:4, The "Revised Jewish Public Society 2023" version of Isaiah 34:4 translates as,
d fruit on a
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The Scriptures: And the stars of the heaven fell to the earth, as a fig tree drops its unripe figs, being
shaken by a strong wind.
Aramaic: And the stars of heaven fell on the earth, as a fig-tree casteth its unripe figs, when it is shaken by
a strong wind.
182
3mp pronom)
wither, to drop
yiqtol, fut 3ms)
tense mismatch
(the) withering,
(the) vineprep, n
fs)
let
but/ so/ or like/ as I/
you (ms)/ he/it
ms)
(the) fig, fig tree
(prep, n fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 6:14
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then all the mountains and hills he moved to and fro, and they were shaken
183
from their
places.
184
The Scriptures: And heaven departed like a scroll being rolled up, and every mountain and island was
moved out of its place.
Aramaic: And the heavens separated, as a book is rolled up: and all mountains and islands were removed
out of their places.
182
183
This word is oddly spelled. It appears the word,
second half of the word is also misspelled. It is possible that he meant,
word and
could read as, -
184
Compare to Isaiah 22:15.
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185
:
so/ or (the)
fp)
possible meaning:
.
spelling error
memikumam/
of their locations,
3mp pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 6:15
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And the kings of the earth, the rulers, the wealthy, the officers, the servants, and the freemen
hid themselves in rocks, in caves, and in the burrows of the earth
186
The Scriptures: And the sovereigns of the earth, and the great ones, and the rich ones, and the
commanders, and the mighty, and every slave and every free one, hid themselves in the caves and in the
rocks of the mountains,
Aramaic: And the kings of the earth, and the nobles, and the captains of thousands, and the rich men, and
the men of valor, and every servant and free man, hid themselves in caves, and in the clefts of the
mountains;
u
so/ or (the) kings
(n fs)
but/ so/ or (the)
mp)
but/ so/ or rich,
2nd Temple
but/ so/ or the
official, officer,
but/ so/ or the
chofashim,
mp)
2nd Temple
187
:
you
(
3mp)
spelling error
with/ by (the)
tza
but/ so/ or in/ with/
by(the) burrows of,
fp)
Interlinear Chart
185
Compare to Isaiah 2:2.
186
Compare to Isaiah 2:19.
187
It appears this word, (sotrim)
(starim -
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Revelation 6:16
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
188
and hide us from before the sight of
Him sitting upon the throne
189
The Scriptures
on the throne and from the wrath of the Lamb,
Aramaic: and they said to the mountains and to the clefts, Fall over us, and hide us from the face of him
who sitteth on the throne, and from the wrath of the Lamb:
but/ so/ or we/ you
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
l'to/ for/
belonging to the
prep, n
mp)
v
but/ so/ or to/ for/
belonging to the
, n mp)
nefol! (to a man)
imp, 2ms)
(prep, 1cp pronom)
or (to a man) hide,
spelling error
2nd Temple
Note: should be
Root:
(DO marker, 1cp
pronom)
of
(the) face of,
(prep)
(n ms)
s)
part, ms)
(prep)
u
but/ so/ or from/ of
the face of, presence
of, before, in front
(n ms)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 6:17
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: For the day of His wrath of anger has come, and who will be able to stand before Him?
188
Hosea 10:8.
189
Compare to Luke 23:30.
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The Scriptures
Aramaic: For the great day of their wrath is come; and who is able to stand?
(n ms)
(the) wrath, anger,
n ms)
pronom)
3ms)
u'mi,
og
part)
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
constr)
le
(prep, 3ms pronom)
Interlinear Chart
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Cochin Revelation Chapter 7
Pageview Image MS Cochin Oo.1.16.2 Chapter 7
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Revelation 7:1
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then after this, I saw four messengers standing upon the four corners of the earth, gripping
the four winds
190
of the earth in their hands, so that the wind would not be upon the earth nor upon the
waters, nor on any tree.
The Scriptures: And after this I saw four messengers standing at the four corners of the earth, holding the
four winds of the earth, that the wind should not blow on the earth, nor on the sea, nor on any tree.
Aramaic: And after these things I saw four angels, who stood on the four corners of the earth; and they
held the four winds of the earth, so that the wind blew not on the earth, nor on the sea, nor on the trees.
191
Idiom: "after this way"
2nd Temple
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
num)
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
(prep)
num)
(n fs)
so/ or we/ you (mp)/
they, those holding,
mp)
(prep, n fs, 3mp
pronom)
cp)
(n fs)
according to, as, in
(neg part)
fut, 2ms)
(prep)
(n fs)
and/ but/ so/
or
ve'
sum, any (in a neg
sentence)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
190
191
See Revelation 1:19 for first occurrence.
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Revelation 7:2
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And I saw another messenger who came from the east of the sun. With him was the seal of
the living and existing El. He cried out with a great voice to the four messengers who were permitted to
damage the earth and the sea.
The Scriptures: And I saw another messenger coming up from the rising of the sun, holding the seal of the
living Elohim. And he cried with a loud voice to the four messengers to whom it was given to harm the
earth and the sea,
Aramaic: And I saw another angel, and he came up from the rising of the sun; and he had the seal of the
living God; and he called out, with a loud voice, to the four angels to whom it was given to hurt the earth
and the sea, saying:
so/ or I looked,
(v.
qatal, past, 1cs)
(n ms)
another, different
(adj ms)
who/ whom I/ you
part, ms)
of (the) place of
sunn fs)
or to/ for/ belonging
3ms, pronom)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
ms)
shouted, criedv.
3ms)
(prep, n ms)
belonging to the
num)
(ms) / he/it (that)
ms)
(prep, 3mp pronom)
constr)
(n fs)
:
ms)
Interlinear Chart
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Revelation 7:3
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: tav)
192
upon the foreheads
193
of the servants
194
The Scriptures
Aramaic: Hurt ye not the earth, nor the sea, nor the trees, until we shall have sealed the servants of our
God upon their foreheads.
past, 3ms)
2mp)
belonging to the
v
but/ so/ or to/ for/
belonging to (the)
o,
belonging to (the)
195
:
(prep)
she
which/ who/ whom I
yiqtol, fut, 1cs)
score (music), brand,
mark, sign, exempt
ms)
mitzchot,
(n mp, plural constr)
Yehovah
Interlinear Chart
192
According to Jastrow Dictionary the giving of the tav
a special type of music or frequency at their sealing. Also consider this may be the later day great outpouring described in Joel 2 and
Acts 2. In Revelation The Fifth Gospel: Episode 7, he argues that the great outpouring of the
Holy Spirit will occur on the 144,000 on the last great day of Sukkot.
millennia will be sealed for divine protection before the nuclear brimstone hits the fan. They are the ones who will receive the latter
rain outpouring, the double portion of the Holy Spirit spoken by the prophet Joel. That greatly anticipated prophetic event occurs at
the conclusion of the war that brings Israel to the brink of destruction. The 144,000 of Israel will know His name. They will call
on His name. They will be sent forth from Jerusalem to teach His name to all nations and peoples and kindreds and tongues, just as
See also Revelation 1:4 for more details.
193
tav al mitzchot, the that seems to closely align this sealing of the
144,000 to the sealing described in Ezekiel 9.
194
both men, women and possibly children sealed of the 144,000 for Yehovah also has female servants as
described in Joel 2:28-
prophesy, your old men dream dreams, your young men see visions. And also on the male servants and on the female servants I shall
Next, consider in Ezekiel 9 that it appears the sealing may have also been men, women, and
possibly children for the word,
It is also interesting to note that Merrilyn Mansfield from The University of Sydney, Australia
presented a strong argument that the women who served at the door of the tabernacle in Exodus 38:8 and 1 Samuel 2:22, did so in a
Levitical capacity. See The Ministering Women and their Mirrors, July 6, 2011. This paper can be found on Academia.edu.
195
The rare patach nikkud (vowel pointing) emphasizes the word and likely points the reader to Ezekiel 9:4, 6.
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Revelation 7:4
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then I heard the number that was sealed. One hundred forty-four thousand were sealed of the
clans
196
of the children of Israel:
197
The Scriptures: And I heard the number of those who were sealed, one hundred and forty-four thousand,
Aramaic: And I heard the number of them that were sealed, a hundred and forty and four thousand, sealed
from every tribe of Israelites.
but/ or that/ which/
(rel part, v.
past, 1cs)
these, those, the
3mp pronom)
2nd Temple
whom he/it was
signed, sealed,
3mp)
past 3ms)
fs)
mp)
(n mp)
which/ who/whom
qatal, past, 3ms)
(prep, n fp)
constr)
Israel (name)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 7:5
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: From the tribe of Judah were twelve thousand; from the tribe of Reuben were twelve
thousand; from the tribe of Gad were twelve thousand.
196
Literally, or clansAnd t, () but in this case, I chose to use the word, clans
197
It is important to note this is not Jews only as some Christian doctrines claim. The children of Israel include all the lost tribes
of Israel and the foreigner who joins himself to Yehovah and becomes part of Israel. Consider numerous examples of foreigners who
became part of Israel, including the new covenant: Genesis 14, 24, Exodus 2:16-21; 12:38; 30:33, 38, 31:14; Leviticus 7:20, 21, 25,
27; Numbers 32:12; Joshua 2:1-2; Ruth 4:13-16; 2 Samuel 11:3; 1 Chronicles 18:17; 22:2; 2 Chronicles 32:25; Isaiah e5e6:6-7;
Jeremiah 31:31-33; 35; Ester 8:17; 9:27; Matthew 26:28; Mark 11:17 14;24; Luke 22:20; John 20:20; Acts 2:9-11; 13:16, 26, 16:14,
17:17; 1 Corinthians 11:25, 2 Corinthians 3:6, Hebrews 8:6-13, 9:15, 10:16, 29, 12:24.
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The Scriptures: of the tribe of Yehu
thousand were sealed, of the tribe of Ga twelve thousand were sealed,
Aramaic: Of the tribe of Judah, twelve thousand were sealed: of the tribe of Reuben, twelve thousand: of
the tribe of Gad, twelve thousand:
ms)
(name)
(card num)
num)
ms)
ms)
Reuven,
(name)
(card num)
num)
ms)
but/ so/ or from/ of
ms)
(card num)
num)
:
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 7:6
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: From the tribe of Asher were twelve thousand. From the tribe of Naphtali were twelve
thousand. From the tribe of Manasseh were twelve thousand.
The Scriptures
were sealed, of the tribe of Menashsheh twelve thousand were sealed,
Aramaic: of the tribe of Ashur, twelve thousand: of the tribe of Naphtali, twelve thousand: of the tribe of
Manasseh, twelve thousand:
ms)
(card num)
num)
ms)
n ms)
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(card num)
num)
ms)
ms)
(card num)
num)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 7:7
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: From the tribe of Simeon were twelve thousand. From the tribe of Levi were twelve
thousand. From the tribe of Issachar were twelve thousand.
The Scriptures
were sealed, of the tribe of Yissasar twelve thousand were sealed,
Aramaic: of the tribe of Simeon, twelve thousand: of the tribe of Levi, twelve thousand: of the tribe of
Issachar, twelve thousand:
ms)
(card num)
num)
ms)
ms)
\
(card num)
num)
ms)
but/ so/ or from/ of
ms)
(card num)
num)
:
ms)
Interlinear Chart
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Revelation 7:8
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: From the tribe of Zebulun were twelve thousand. From the tribe of Joseph were twelve
thousand. From the tribe of Benjamin were twelve thousand.
198
The Scriptures: of the tribe of Ze
thousand were sealed, of the tribe of Binyamin twelve thousand were sealed.
Aramaic: of the tribe of Zebulon, twelve thousand: of the tribe of Joseph, twelve thousand: of the tribe of
Benjamin, twelve thousand.
ms)
(card num)
num)
ms)
n ms)
(card num)
num)
ms)
n ms)
(card num)
num)
:
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 7:9
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then after this, I saw a great multitude that no one
199
could number, from all the nations
standing before the throne and before the Lamb, wearing white garments, with branches in their hands.
198
The tribe of Dan is not mentioned. See Genesis 49:17 and Judges 18:303-31 for more details.
199
Literally, he/it will not be able to count.
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The Scriptures: After this I looked and saw a great crowd which no one was able to count, out of all
nations and tribes and peoples and tongues, standing before the throne and before the Lamb, dressed in
white robes, and palm branches in their hands,
Aramaic: And after these things, I looked, and lo, a great multitude, which no one could number, from all
kindreds, and nations, and tribes, and tongues; who stood before the throne, and before the Lamb, clothed
in white robes, and palms in their hands;
200
Idiom: "after this way"
2nd Temple
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
circle of friends,
(n ms)
num mismatch
(neg part)
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
constr)
ms)
mp)
(mp / they, those
part, mp)
before the face of,
before me, in front
(n ms)
so/ or before, in front
(prep)
:
ms)
so/ but/ or to/ for/
belonging to we/ you
(mp) / they, those
act part, mp)
with/ by (the)
mp)
(adj ms)
Note: spelling could
be:
but/ so/ or in/ with/
(prep n fp, 3mp
pronom)
(n mp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 7:10
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
The Scriptures
200
See Revelation 1:19 for first occurrence.
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Aramaic: and they cried, with a loud voice, saying: Salvation to our God, to him who sitteth on the throne,
and to the Lamb.
but/ so/ or we/ you
(mp)/ they, those
part, mp)
(prep, n ms)
num mismatch
so/ or we/ you (mp)/
part, mp)
belonging to
Yehovah,
name)
v
so/ or to/ for/
belonging to (the)
lprep, n ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 7:11
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And all standing before the throne, the messengers, the elders, and the living creatures, fallen
on their faces before the throne, praying to Yehovah,
The Scriptures: And all the messengers stood around the throne and the elders and the four living
creatures, and fell on their faces before the throne and worshipped Elohim,
Aramaic: And all the angels stood around the throne and the Elders and the four Animals; and they fell
upon their faces before his throne, and worshipped God,
mal
(n mp)
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
(adv)
belonging to the
so/ or the
mp)
'chiyut, “and/
but/ so/ or the
living creatures,
201
:
v
but/ or we/ you (mp)
part, mp)
(prep)
pronom)
before the face of,
before me, in front
so /or (the) we/ you
(mp)/ they those who
, act
part, mp)
for/ belonging to
name)
Interlinear Chart
201
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Revelation 7:12
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
Elohim forever to ever
The Scriptures
Aramaic: saying: Amen. Blessing, and glory, and wisdom, and thanksgiving, and honor, and power, and
might, [be] to our God, for ever and ever: Amen.
so/ or we/ you (mp)/
part, mp)
so/ or,
(n ms)
:
so/ or (the) valor,
fut, 2ms)
belonging to our
mp, 1cp pronom)
ms)
(n ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 7:13
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
The Scriptures
Aramaic: And one of the Elders turned, and said to me: These who are clothed in white robes, who are
they, and whence came they?
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so/ or he/it will
fut, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
(card num)
z
of the elders, (prep,
n mp)
qatal, past, 3ms)
to/ for/ belonging
pronom)
part)
those,
p
pronom)
2nd Temple
the we/
you (mp) /they,
part, mp)
with/ by from/ of
(prep, n mp)
(adj, mp)
so/ or from/ of
(prep, pron ms)
ms)
(mp)/ they/ those
act part,
mp)
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 7:14
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
midst of much sorrow
The Scriptures:
of the great distress, having washed their robes and made them white in the blood of the Lamb.
Aramaic: And I said to him: My lord, thou knowest. And he said to me: These are they who came from
great affliction; and they have washed their robes, and made them white in the blood of the Lamb
past, 1cs)
(prep, 3ms pronom)
(n ms)
(pron 2ms)
he/it know
part, ms)
3ms pron)
past, 3ms)
pronom)
pronom)
2nd Temple
pronom)
from/ of
(prep, n ms)
(adv)
ms)
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202
203
:
but/ so/ or they
past, 3mp)
by their piece of
mp)
so/ or they distilled,
qatal, past, 3mp)
by their piece of
mp)
(prep, n ms)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 7:15
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: For this reason, they are before the throne of Yehovah and shall serve Him day and night.
And this One sitting upon the throne will dwell among them.
The Scriptures
Dwelling Place. And He who sits on the throne shall spread his Tent over them.
Aramaic: Therefore are they before the throne of God; and they serve him day and night, in his temple;
and he who sitteth on the throne, will protect them:
so/ or for, for the
pronom)
before the face of,
before me, in front
Yehovah
3cp)
(DO
marker, 3ms
pronom)
ms)
she/
which/ who/ whom
he/it sat, dwelled,
(rel part, v.
past, 3ms)
202
The word, (bgdeihem) is first recorded use is after the Tanakh's (Old Testament) last book and before the end of the First
Century.
203
The word, (zaqaku) was a word used in the First to Second Century CE.
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fut, 2ms)
wrong pronoun
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 7:16
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: She
204
will not hunger, nor thirst, nor be afflicted by the scorching heat and sun!
205
The Scriptures:
any heat,
Aramaic: they will not hunger, nor thirst any more; nor will the sun fall on them, nor any heat.
she/it
part)
3mp)
fut, 3mp)
3ms, 3mp obj)
(n cs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 7:17
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: For the Lamb shall lead them to a well of waters, and Yehovah Elohim will wipe the tear
from all faces.
204
Isaiah 39:10 has been translated to be,
205
Isaiah 49:10.
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The Scriptures: because the Lamb who is in the midst of the throne shall shepherd them and lead them to
Aramaic: Because the Lamb, which is in the midst of the throne, will feed them; and will lead them to
fountains of living water; and God will wipe every tear from their eyes.
ms)
Pi'el, yiqtol, fut,
3ms, 3mp, obj)
marker, 3mp pron)
belonging to (the)
(prep, n fs)
mp)
but/ so/ or shall wipe
abs)
206
Yehovah,
Elohim
mp)
upon, on
(n fp)
Interlinear Chart
206
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Cochin Revelation Chapter 8
Pageview Image MS Cochin Oo.1.16.2 Chapter 8
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Revelation 8:1
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And when he opened the seventh, all were silent in the heavens for a while.
The Scriptures: And when He opened the seventh seal, there came to be silence in the heaven for about
half an hour.
Aramaic: And when he had opened the seventh seal, there was silence in heaven, for about half an hour.
207
:
so/ or because, as
(conj)
she
which/ who/ whom
(rel part, v.
past, 3ms)
which/ who/ whom
we/ you (mp)/ they
ms)
(n mp, 3mp pronom)
with/ by (the)
n mp)
just as, like/
fs)
Aramaism
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 8:2
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: I saw seven messengers coming before Yehovah and they were given seven shofars.
The Scriptures: And I saw the seven messengers who stand before Elohim, and to them were given seven
trumpets.
Aramaic: And I saw the seven angels, who stood before God; and to them were given, seven trumpets.
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
shiv
(card numb)
messengers,
(mp)/ they (m)/ those
who comev.
act part,
mp)
before the face of,
before me, in front
Yehovah
v
so/ or to/ for/
belonging to
(prep, 3mp pronom)
207
Daniel 4:16 Jewish Publication Society (JPS) "one" is found in the First
Century Targum Onkelos Genesis 1:15.
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he/it is given,(v.
ms)
(card numb)
(n mp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 8:3
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Another messenger came walking near to the holy place and in his hand was a censer of gold.
He was given much incense to deliver prayers for the holy ones before the holy place and before the throne.
The Scriptures: And another messenger came and stood at the slaughter-place, holding a golden censer,
and much incense was given to him, that he should offer it with the prayers of all the set-apart ones upon
the golden slaughter-place which was before the throne.
Aramaic: And another angel came and stood by the altar; and he held a golden censer: and much incense
was given him, so that he might offer, with the prayers of all the saints, upon the golden altar before the
throne.
208
(the) angel,
messenger,
(adj ms)
act
part, ms)
past, 3ms)
(prep)
holy
place
so/ or in/ with/ by
n cs)
ms)
or to/ for/ belonging
3ms pronom)
part ms)
num mismatch
(n fs)
208
The scribe uses nikkudot (vowel points) for emphasis and clarity.
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209
inf)
Mishnaic
for (the)
constr)
before the face of,
before me, in front
holy
place
so/or before, in front
(prep)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 8:4
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: The smoke from the incense of the holy ones went up from the hand of the messenger before
Yehovah.
The Scriptures: And the smoke of the incense, with the prayers of the set-apart ones, went up before
Elohim from the hand of the messenger.
Aramaic: And the smoke of the incense of the prayers of the saints went up before God from the hand of
the angel.
but/ so/ or the
mp)
holy, sacred,
past, 3ms)
n fsc)
angel, messenger,
(n ms)
(prep)
:
Yehovah
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 8:5
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: The messenger took the censer and filled it with fire and poured it out upon the earth and then
came the sounds of thunders and lightnings!
209
This is a unique spelling, see Revelation 2:17 for more details.
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The Scriptures: And the messenger took the censer, and filled it with fire from the slaughter-place, and
threw it to the earth. And there were noises, and thunders, and lightnings, and an earthquake.
Aramaic: And the angel took the censer, and filled it with fire from the altar, and cast it upon the earth: and
there were thunders, and lightnings, and voices, and an earthquake.
a
but/ so/ or the angel,
messenger,
past, 3ms)
n fs)
3ms)
DO
marker, 3ms
pronom)
(the) fireprep, n
fs)
so/ or he/it poured
qatal, past, 3ms)
(prep)
(n fs)
u
past, 3ms)
mp)
uand/
but/ so/ or
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 8:6
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then the seven messengers with the seven shofars prepared to blow.
The Scriptures: And the seven messengers who held the seven trumpets prepared themselves to sound.
Aramaic: And the seven angels, who had the seven trumpets, prepared themselves to sound.
but/ so/ or the
iv
(n mp)
past, 3mp)
(mp)/ they are
pssv part, 3mp)
:
Interlinear Chart
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Revelation 8:7
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: The first messenger blew and there was hail and fire mixed with blood. Then it fell upon the
earth and a third of the trees burned, and all the greenery of the field burned.
The Scriptures: And the first messenger sounded, and there came to be hail and fire mixed with blood, and
they were thrown to the earth. And a third of the trees were burned up, and all green grass was burned up.
Aramaic: And the first sounded; and there was hail, and fire, which were mingled with water: and these
were thrown upon the earth; and a third part of the earth was burned up, and a third part of the trees were
burned, and all green grass was burned.
but/ so/ or the angel,
(adj ms)
he/it blow
ms)
past, 3ms)
so/ or firen fs)
past, 3ms)
ms)
past, 3ms)
(prep)
(n fs)
so/ or (the) third
mp)
qatal, past, 3ms)
or (the)
ms)
(n ms)
qatal, past, 3ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 8:8
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: The second blew, and something like a great mountain, burned with fire, then went into the
sea, and a third of the sea was blood.
The Scriptures: And the second messenger sounded, and what looked like a great mountain burning with
fire was thrown into the sea, and a third of the sea became blood,
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Aramaic: And the second angel sounded, and, as it were a great mountain burning with fire, was cast into
the sea; and also a third part of the sea became blood.
but/ so/ or the
part, ms)
3ms)
c' har, "as/ like (the)
mountain"
past, 3ms)
n fs)
past, 3ms)
so/ or (the) third
(n ms)
past, 3ms)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 8:9
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And a third of the creatures of the sea were put to death, and a third of the ships were sunk.
The Scriptures: and a third of the living creatures in the sea died, and a third of the ships were destroyed.
Aramaic: And a third part of all the creatures in the sea, that had life, died; and a third part of the ships
were destroyed.
210
so/ or (the) third
(prep, n fp)
ms)
yiqtol, fut, 3ms, 3mp
pronom)
(n ms)
(n fp)
2nd Temple
(mp)/ they, those
swamped, (v.
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 8:10
Hebrew Transcription
210
The word, (shafa) means to be full, or swamped.
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Translation: Then the third blew, and a star burned and fell from the heavens upon a third of the springs of
water,
The Scriptures: And the third messenger sounded, and a great star fell from the heaven, burning like a
torch, and it fell on a third of the rivers and on the fountains of water,
Aramaic: And the third angel sounded, and there fell from heaven a star, burning like a lamp; and it fell
upon a third part of the rivers, and upon the fountains of water.
(adj ms)
ms)
past, 3ms)
ms)
numb)
from (the) heavens
(n mp)
past, 3ms)
past, 3ms)
(prep)
(n ms)
(n fp)
mp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 8:11
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: and the name of the star was Scarlet. A third of the waters became bitter. And because of its
bitterness, many of the children of man died.
The Scriptures: and the name of the star is called Wormwood. And a third of the waters became
wormwood, and many men died from the waters, because they were made bitter.
Aramaic: And the name of the star was called Wormwood; and a third part of the waters became
wormwood; and many persons died from the waters, because they were bitter.
(n ms)
past, 3ms)
fs)
so/ or (the) third
past, 3ms)
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ms)
benei, sons,
constr)
ms)
(mp) /they, those
mp)
211
3mp pronom)
spelling error
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 8:12
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: The fourth blew, and a third part of the sun, moon, and the stars eclipsed, and a third of the
day did not shine, nor the night.
The Scriptures: And the fourth messenger sounded, and a third of the sun was struck, and a third of the
moon, and a third of the stars, so that a third of them were darkened. And a third of the day did not shine,
and likewise the night.
Aramaic: And the fourth angel sounded, and a third part of the sun was smitten, and the third part of the
moon, and the third part of the stars; so that the third part of them were dark, and they became dark; and the
day did not give light for the third part of it, and the night in like manner.
but/ so/ or the
part, ms)
struck, eclipsed,
blocked,
3ms)
(adj ms)
n fs)
ms)
but/ so/ or (the)
so/ or (the) third
ms)
past, 3ms)
so/ or again, also,
too, in addition,
(n ms)
Interlinear Chart
211
Compare to Exodus 15:23word (marime).
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Revelation 8:13
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then I saw and heard a messenger hovering in the heavens, and he shouted with a great
- which are
required -
The Scriptures: And I looked, and I heard an eagle flying in mid-
woe, woe to those dwelling upon the earth, because of the remaining blasts of the trumpet of the three
Aramaic: And I saw and heard an eagle, which flew in the midst, and it had a tail of blood, while it said,
with a loud voice: Woe, woe, to them who dwell on the earth, because of the remaining sounds of the
trumpets of the three angels, who are to sound.
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
but/ or that/ which/
past, 1cs)
(n ms)
numb)
3ms)
with/ by (the)
mp)
so/ or he/it cried,
past, 3ms)
(prep, n ms)
(adj ms)
part)
part)
part)
belonging to these,
those, the
followingprep,
3ms pronom)
2nd Temple
(prep)
(n fs)
away from, from
the sound, clarion
she
which/ who/ whom
need, should,
(adv)
:
Interlinear Chart
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Cochin Revelation Chapter 9
Pageview Image MS Cochin Oo.1.16.2 Chapter 9
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Revelation 9:1
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: The fifth messenger blew, and I saw a star fall upon the earth from the heavens. And he was
given the key to the deep.
The Scriptures: And the fifth messenger sounded, and I saw a star from the heaven which had fallen to the
earth. And the key to the pit of the deep was given to him.
Aramaic: And the fifth angel sounded; and I saw a star, which fell from heaven upon the earth. And there
was given to him the key of the pit of the abyss.
al/
but/ so/ or the angel,
(n ms)
act part, ms)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 1cs)
ms)
(card num)
past, 3ms)
on, upon, (prep)
(prep, n mp)
or belonging to
pronom)
part ms)
(prep, n fs)
2nd Temple
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 9:2
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: He opened the deep, and smoke went out from the deep like smoke from a large furnace, the
sun and the air darkened from the smoke of the deep.
The Scriptures: And he opened the pit of the deep, and smoke went up out of the pit like the smoke of a
great furnace. And the sun was darkened, also the air, because of the smoke of the pit.
Aramaic: And he opened the pit of the abyss; and smoke issued from the pit, like the smoke of a furnace
that is in blast; and the sun and the air were darkened by the smoke of the pit.
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and/ but/ so/ or I/
you (ms)/ he/it,
(n fs)
so/ or he/it went
qatal, past, 3ms)
(n ms)
(prep, n fs)
2nd Temple
(adv, prep)
(n ms)
212
:
(n ms)
choshech,
(n ms)
ms)
2nd Temple
me'ashean
(prep n ms)
(n fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 9:3
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: From the smoke came frogs
213
upon the earth, and they were given authority to annihilate to
destroy.
The Scriptures: And out of the smoke locusts came upon the earth, and authority was given to them as the
scorpions of the earth possess authority.
Aramaic: And out of the smoke, came locusts upon the earth: and power was given them, like that which
scorpions have on the earth.
212
In Genesis 15:17, Abraham saw an oven smoking in a very dark sky with a flaming torch between the pieces.
213
The word, (tzfarde'im) is explained in Revelation 16:13 as demons that look like frogs. If the marginal note is correct,
sentence is incomplete.
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1
(1) The word crossed out is the masculine plural
word () meaning, see
Exodus 8:1).
2
(2) The scribe included the masculine singular
form of the word ravah meaning, to
grow/increase, become many/numerous. This
can be compared to the Greek imagery for
swelling locusts. In Rev 16:13 the scribe uses
the plural form of ravah. Also see marginal
notes on Rev 9:7. The image #2 is a note
written in the margin and is probably associated
with image #1.
3
(3) In this image, the strikethrough
() means, "consumption of, to exhaust,
to end, to annihilate." And there is no
associated marginal note.
Pageview Image MS Oo.1.16.2
214
or
from/ of (the)
ms)
(ms) / they come,
coming, came,
part, ms)
tzafradi'im, frogs
(n mp)
upon
(prep)
so/ or to/ for/
(prep, 3mp pronom)
he/it give
ms)
215
2nd Temple
l' klay'at, to the
annihilation of, to
the extinction (n fs
constr)
Interlinear Chart
214
See strikethrough detail above; consider Psalm 105:30.
215
The word, (laklay'at) appears to be crossed out by the original scribe. Therefore, this word is not included in the translation.
See image 3 above.
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Revelation 9:4
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: nor any tree.
The Scriptures: And it was said to them that they shall not harm the grass of the earth, or any green matter,
or any tree, but only those men who do not have the seal of Elohim upon their foreheads.
Aramaic: And it was commanded them, that they should not hurt the grass of the earth, nor any herb, nor
any tree; but [only] the persons, who had not the seal of God upon their foreheads.
216
so/ or he/it was said,
qatal, past, 3ms)
lahem
(prep, 3mp pronom)
(neg part)
taziku
injure, corrupt, hurt,
yiqtol, fut, 2mp)
added mater lectionis
belonging to (the)
green
(prep n ms)
so/ or (the) herb,
grass, herbage,
ê
(n ms)
belonging to (the)
(part)
itself, this only,
belonging to (the)
(prep, n mp constr)
(n ms)
(neg part)
:
exists, (part)
(prep, 3mp pronom)
of,
seal
added mater lectionis
b' mitzcheihem,
(prep, n ms)
added mater lectionis
m' Yehovah
name)
Interlinear Chart
216
The word, (l'esev) isn't found until about c. 375 CE in Jerusalem Talmud Taanit, but the root is found as early as
Genesis 1:29 when God gave every seed-bearing plant to mankind.
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Revelation 9:5
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: They (the frogs/locusts) were not given authority to kill them, but only to grieve them for
five months. And their grief was like the pain when scorpions bite.
The Scriptures: And it was given to them that they should not kill them, but to torture them for five
months. And their torture was like the torture of a scorpion when it stings a man
Aramaic: And it was given them, that they should not kill them, but should torment them five months: and
their torment was like the torment of a scorpion, when it striketh a person.
217
so/ or to/ for/
(prep, 3mp
pronom)
part ms)
part)
marker, 3mp pron)
(part)
disappoint, bring
constr)
2nd Temple
marker, 3mp pron)
(card numb)
chodashim,
their grief, pain,
past, 3ms)
(the) grief, pain,
(prep, n ms)
akrabim,
218
:
prep,
conj)
she' nosheke, "I/
you/ he/it bites (v.
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 9:6
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: In those days, you would be wiser to die, but not find it!
217
The word, (l'tza'er) is a Second Temple word found in Sefer HaKana 101:21 Kabbalah.
218
See Ecclesiastes 10:8.
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The Scriptures: And in those days men shall seek death and shall not find it. And they shall long to die,
but death shall flee from them.
Aramaic: And in those days, men will desire death, and will not find it; and they will long to die, and death
will fly from them.
219
:
but/ so/ or in/ with
mp)
hathe
they, these, those,
(3mp pronom)
tachakmu, "you will
become wiser," (v.
2mp)
2nd Temple
constr)
ot, no
(neg part)
fut, 2ms), 3ms obj)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 9:7
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: The locusts
220
are like the horses poised for battle.
221
Upon their heads were crowns as of
gold, their appearance like the appearance of mankind.
The Scriptures: And the locusts looked like horses prepared for battle, and on their heads were crowns like
gold, and their faces were like the faces of men.
Aramaic: And the appearance of the locusts [was this]; they were like the appearance of horses prepared
for battle; and on their heads, was, as it were a coronet, resembling gold; and their faces were like the faces
of men.
219
The word, (tachakmu) is a Second Temple word found in The War of the Jews 2:17:3 by Josephus.
220
This word c-in-
221
Interestingly, Joel 2:25 references the children of Israel being restored what the locusts have eaten and also identifies the locusts
as a great army of locusts:
Also see Joel 1:4.
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222
223
but/ so/ or we/ you
(mp)/ they liers-in-
(v. Pi'el, act part,
mp),
or
spelling error
pronom)
(adv, prep)
susim
(n mp)
(adj mp)
2nd Temple
lamilchama
(prep n fs)
224
225
226
pronom)
cadmut,
(prep, adv)
(n mp constr)
2nd Temple
(adj mp)
2nd Temple
but/ so/ or their
n pl constr)
2nd Temple
Interlinear Chart
The gershayim (two slash marks) above the yod
indicates the note in the margin is the word
(chagav), meaning, swarming locust or
grasshopper.
The spelling (aravim) meaning,
locusts may point to the strikethrough of
"frogs" in Rev 9:3. Is this an error or
explanation? It is unclear.
222
The scribe included the verb ars-in-The
singular form of the word can mean locust. However, in the margin of the Cochin MS Oo.1.16.2, it is for grasshoppers
with the same markings to show the relationships between the two words. The gershayim (two slash marks) appear to have been
added later.
223
The word, ) is found in The War of the Jews 3:9:7 by Josephus.
224
The word, (katri) for "crowns of" is found first in Hechalot Rabbati at about c. 100 BCE.
225
The word, (zehubim) for "golden" is found first in Mishnah Kelim 29:4 around c. 190 CE.
226
The word, (k'marot) meaning "like appearance of" is found first in Sefer HaKana at about c. 100 CE.
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Revelation 9:8
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Their hair like the hair of women, and their teeth, like the teeth of a lion,
227
The Scriptures:
Aramaic: And they had hair, like the hair of women: and their teeth were like those of lions.
228
229
(n mp, 3mp pronom)
2nd Temple
-
just as, like/ as
(prep, n fp constr)
2nd Temple
women
but/ so/ or his/its
mp, 3ms
pronom)
just as,
as/ like (the) teeth
n mp
constr)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 9:9 (This verse does not exist in the Cochin Oo.1.16.2 manuscript)
The Scriptures: And they had breastplates like breastplates of iron, and the sound of their wings was like
the sound of chariots with many horses running into battle.
Aramaic: And they had breastplates, like breastplates of iron: and the sound of their wings, was like the
sound of the chariots of many horses rushing into battle.
Revelation 9:10 (Cochin 9:9)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: and their rears were like the tails of a swarm. They were given authority to grieve the children
of mankind for five months.
The Scriptures: And they have tails like scorpions, and stings. And in their tails is their authority to harm
men five months.
Aramaic: And they had tails like those of scorpions, and stings; and with their tails they had the power of
hurting men five months.
227
This verse is like Joel 1:6, "With teeth like the teeth of a lion" .
228
The word, (sa'aroteihem) meaning, "their hairs," is found first in The War of the Jews 4:9:10.
229
The word, , "like as hair of" is found first in Sefer HaKana 72.
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230
231
mp, 3mp pronom)
spelling error
Note: should be:
past 3ms)
of
(prep, n mp constr)
locust, multitude
devastation,
(prep, pron 3mp)
part ms)
reshut,
(n ms)
232
233
:
sadden,
disappoint, bring
grief, to afflict,
2nd Temple
ha
constr)
(n ms)
c
(card numb)
chodashim,
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 9:11 (Cochin 9:10)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Their king was a messenger from the deep. His name in the Hebrew language, Abaddon, and
in the Greek language, Apollyon.
234
The Scriptures: And they have over them a sovereign, the messenger of the pit of the deep, whose name in
Hebrew is Abaddon, but in Greek he has the name Apolluon.
Aramaic: And they had a king over them, the angel of the abyss; and his name, in Hebrew, is Abaddon;
and in Greek, his name is Apollyon.
so/ or (the) king,
which/ who/ whom
to them, belonging
3mp)
ha
past, 3ms)
(n ms)
e
(card num)
(prep, n fs)
2nd Temple
ms, 3ms pronom)
230
The word, (zanav) means an attachment to the end of something like a tail, but also as a type of ambush as Amalek attacked
the tail end of the children of Israel who were weary and beaten down. See Deuteronomy 25:18.
231
The word, (arbeh) has vowel (nikkud) that directs the reader to Revelation 9:7 . It can mean a type of swarming locust
or a multitude, or a vast number.
232
The word, (l'tz'ar) is a verb meaning, to torment and to restrict is found from the late First to Second Century. See
Midrash Tanchuma Buber, Beshalach.
233
The plural construct form should not have a definite article. It is incorrect in 9:10, & 13:14, correct in 7:4, 8:11, 9:20.
234
John, having been in the regions of modern-day Turkey and Greece, would have known some Greek. Josephus did the same kind
of writing style. See The War of the Jews 5:4:2 - "This new-built part of the city was called "Bezetha," in our language, which, if
interpreted in the Grecian language, may be called "the New City." William Whiston, translator. However, the added vowel
markers (nikkud) would indicate this was added later.
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235
:
with/ by (the)
(prep, n ms)
ms)
avadon, destroyer,
perdition, hell, place
of destruction,
(n ms)
but/ so/ or in the
tongue, and by (the)
(n ms)
messenger of the
ms)
Interlinear Char
Revelation 9:12 (Cochin 9:11)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Something like a cloud
236
passed,
237
and behold, the second is coming as clouds!
The Scriptures: The first woe is past. See, two woes are still coming after this.
Aramaic: One woe is past; lo, there come yet two woes after them.
238
num)
cloud, a dark storm
past, 3ms)
man)
see!
2ms)
(ord num)
/ as
n mp)
2nd Temple
:
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 9:13 (Cochin 9:12)
Hebrew Transcription
235
Transliteration from the Greek Apollyon. The scribes chose to include nikkudot (vowel markings) for correct pronunciation.
236
rainbow and cloud (Ezekiel 1:27-28) before pronouncing judgment upon the children of Israel.
237
k
cloud" for "woe" shows the writer has familiarity with Hebrew.
238
See Ben Sira 34:20.
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Translation: And the sixth messenger blew. I heard a voice coming from the four corners of the holy
place that is before Yehovah,
The Scriptures: And the sixth messenger sounded, and I heard a voice from the four horns of the golden
slaughter-place which is before Elohim,
Aramaic: And the sixth angel sounded; and I heard a voice from the horns of the golden altar which was
before God,
239
240
but/ so/ or the anger,
past, 3ms)
past,1cs)
ms)
(card numb)
(prep, ord num)
:
cp)
(n
ms)
before the face of,
before me, in front
Yehovah
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 9:14 (Cochin 9:13)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
the great sea
241
called,
The Scriptures
Aramaic: that said to the sixth angel having a trumpet: Loose the four angels that are bound at the great
river Euphrates.
239
This word, (kol echad) is a special phrase meaning, "one voice" and is not often found in scripture. It is Exodus 24:3
when the people answered in one voice, saying "All the things that Yehovah has commanded we will do!" In 2 Chronicles 5:13
when the trumpeters and the singer joined in one voice to praise and extol Yehovah .
240
This phrase () means, "from the four corners of the Temple." That phrase is not found in the Tanakh. However, four
corners have been associated with "altar" or "horns" in place of "Temple" Ezekiel 43:20 and Ezekiel 45:19.
241
Presumed river Euphrates, but this is a transliteration from Greek. In the Tanakh it is Perat .
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242
so/ or I/ you (fs) /
part, fs)
wrong pronoun
ach,
for/ belonging to the
(prep, n ms)
the
which/ who/ whom
(rel part, v.
past, 3ms)
imp, 2ms)
so/ or (to a man)
belonging to the
fourthprep, ord
num)
243
:
mal
the they, those
bound
(n mp)
near, close, toward,
(prep)
(n ms)
the I/
you (ms)/ he/it is
act part, ms)
efrates
Note: transliteration
of Greek
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 9:15 (Cochin 9:14)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: The four messengers were prepared to kill a third part
244
of the children of mankind in an
hour, in a day, in a month, and in one year.
The Scriptures: And the four messengers, those having been prepared for the hour and day and month and
year, were released to kill a third of mankind.
Aramaic: And the four angels were loosed; who are prepared, for an hour, and a day, and a month, and a
year, to slay the third part of men.
(card num)
mal
past, 3mp)
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
Hif'il, inf constr)
the third
enei
(the) children,
constr)
242
This word, (v'omeret) indicates a feminine voice, but it should match the noun kol in the previous verse is not feminine.
243
This word, (ha'gadol) following ha'yam is a common Hebrew set of two words for great sea or great waters.
244
See Ezekiel 5:12.
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:
(n ms)
by (the) hour, in the
fs)
u' b
but/ or/ for in/ with/
by prep,
n ms)
but/ so/ or/ in (the)
(n ms)
or in
echad,
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 9:16 (Cochin 9:15)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And their riders were numbered a great many
245
thousands. And I heard their number.
The Scriptures: And the number of the armies of the horsemen was two hundred million, and I heard the
number of them.
Aramaic: And the number of the warrior horsemen was two myriads of myriads: and I heard their number.
their riders, their
(n mp, 3mp
pronom)
past, 3ms)
(prep,n mp 3mp
pronom)
elfei
thousand
num)
past, 1cs)
(n ms, 3mp pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 9:17 (Cochin 9:16)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: After this I saw the horses in formation and those sitting upon them wearing garments of
pitch, brimstone, and fire. The heads of the horses were like the heads of a lion, and from the horses'
mouths went fire, smoke, and brimstone.
The Scriptures: And this is how I saw the horses in the vision and those who sat on them, having
breastplates of fiery red, and hyacinth blue, and sulphur yellow. And the heads of the horses were like the
heads of lions, and out of their mouths came fire, and smoke, and sulphur.
245
This word could also be translated as "myriad" or "ten thousand," but the context seems to indicate a great many (a thousand upon
thousand). Therefore, it was translated as "great many" to indicate this large number. See Psalm 68:18.
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Aramaic: And while I looked on the horses in the vision, and on them who sat on them [I saw] that the
breastplates were of fire, and of jacinth, and of sulphur. And the heads of the horses were like the heads of
lions; and from their mouths issued fire, and smoke, and sulphur.
246
Idiom: "after this way"
2nd Temple
raiti
past,1cs)
b'tzurat-
the)
form of, design of,
(prep, n fs constr)
the
but/ so/ or those
sitting
(n mp)
alheihem
them3mp
pronom)
247
248
249
250
sheh
which/ who/ whom
qatal, past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
2nd Temple
belonging to
3mp
pronom)
2nd Temple
of (the) clothing,
(prep, n mp)
fs)
2nd Temple
so/ or (the)
(n fs)
2nd Temple
and/ but/
so/ or (the) heads
the
k'roshei,
(n ms)
but/ so/ or from/ of
(prep n mp, 3ms
pronom)
past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
:
ms)
(n fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 9:18 (Cochin 9:17)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And by these three (fire, smoke, brimstone) a third part of the children of mankind were
killed,
246
See Revelation 1:19 for first use.
247
These words, (she'hei lhem) is improper Biblical Hebrew grammar but was used in the Second Temple period, The
Midrash of Philo 2:4:15.
248
See Letter of Aristeas 140.
249
These words, (zefet v'gofrit) "pitch and brimstone" is used twice in Second Temple The War of the Jews 3:7:20 and
5:11:4.
250
The more common spelling is for brimstone.
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The Scriptures: A third of mankind was killed by these three plagues, by the fire and the smoke and the
sulphur which came out of their mouths.
Aramaic: And by these three plagues, a third part of the men were slain; [namely,] by the fire, and by the
smoke, and by the sulphur, which issued from their mouths.
:
so/ or from/ of
these, those, the
following
pron)
2nd Temple
naherag,
ms)
ha
e
(the) children,
constr)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 9:19 (Cochin 9:18)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: for their power was in their mouths, and their tails had heads like serpents, with which they
kill.
The Scriptures: For the authority of the horses is in their mouth and in their tails, for their tails are like
serpents, having heads. And with them they do harm.
Aramaic: For the power of the horses was in; their mouth, and in their tails; for their tails were like
serpents, having heads to strike with.
strength, power,
pronom)
past 3ms)
(prep, n ms, 3mp
pronom)
but/ so/ or their
(n ms, 3ms pronom)
past 3ms)
mp)
like snakes, like
serpents
mp)
mp)
past 3ms)
(prep, 3mp pronom)
so/ or in/ with/ by
3ms)
2nd Temple
ha, ,
that we/ you (mp)/
they, those who
act part, mp)
marker, 3mp
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
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Revelation 9:20 (Cochin 9:19)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: However, there were many children of mankind who will not be put to death by these
plagues,
251
because they repented
252
of their evil works. They did not pray to Satan nor to idols of clay,
stone, wood, silver, or gold - which are not able to walk or speak or hear.
The Scriptures: And the rest of mankind, who were not killed by these plagues, did not repent of the
works of their hands, that they should not worship the demons, and idols of gold, and of silver, and of
brass, and of stone, and of wood, which are neither able to see, nor to hear, nor to walk.
Aramaic: And the residue of men who were not slain by these plagues, repented not of the works of their
hands, so as not to worship demons, and idols of gold, and of silver, and brass, and stone, and wood, which
cannot see, nor hear.
indeed, truly,
verily, surely, but
however, howbeit,
contrariwise, nay
haya
past, 3ms)
harbeh,
(adj fs)
benei
constr)
(n ms)
(neg part)
not be killed, put to
yiqtol, fut, 3mp)
those,
(3mp pronom)
2nd Temple
strokes, plagues,
diseases, marks,
plague spots, marks
sake of, according
she
3mp)
tshuva, (n fs)
2nd Temple
251
The word, (ha' hagah'm) is from the Also consider that leprosy was often
For Miriam spoke against Moses and was struck with leprosy (Numbers 12:1-15).
Thus, in the Cochin Hebrew Matthew 5:11it says,
252
The word repentance
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253
upon
(prep)
ma'aseihem
(n mp, 3mp
pronom)
(neg part)
l
but/ so /or (the) we/
you (mp)/ they pray,
, act part,
mp)
belonging to the
(prep n ms)
2nd Temple
or no, not and
(neg part)
254
abbreviation for
to/ for/ belonging
to idolatry
(prep, n ms)
the I/ you (ms)/
ms)
m'cheres
n ms)
2nd Temple
but/ so/ or from/ of
n ms)
\/ of
ms)
(n ms)
255
(n ms)
(neg part)
3mp pronom)
inf)
Mishnaic
constr)
constr)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 9:21 (Cochin 9:20)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And there were those who did not repent for their fornications, nor for their thefts.
The Scriptures: And they did not repent of their murders, nor of their drug sorceries, nor of their whoring,
nor of their thefts.
Aramaic: And they repented not of their murders, nor of their sorceries, nor of their whoredom, nor of their
thefts.
253
254
The word, (m'cheres) is also spelled . By affixing the samech instead of the sin , such dates this spelling to the
Second Temple period. See The War of the Jews 1:16:1.
255
The added yod ( ) mater lectionis is a unique late Second Temple Hebrew linguistic shift due to the pressure of the neighboring
Tractate Tefillin.
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so/ or that/ which/
(rel part, neg part)
past, 3mp)
tshuva,
2nd Temple
upon, in, on,
over, by, for, both,
beyond, through
(prep)
epihem
just as, as/ like/
(prep, 3mp pronom)
upon
(prep)
(n fp constr, 3mp
pronom)
256
upon
(prep)
-
(n fp constr, 3mp
pronom)
2nd Temple
.
Interlinear Chart
256
First Century word first used in the Midrash of Philo 3:8:8.
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Cochin Revelation Chapter 10
Pageview Image MS Cochin Oo.1.16.2 Chapter 10
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Revelation 10:1
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then, I saw another messenger descending from the heavens, clothed in a cloud, with a
rainbow over his head. His appearance was like the sun, his feet, like a flame of fire,
The Scriptures: And I saw another strong messenger coming down from the heaven, robed in a cloud, and
a rainbow on his head, and his face was like the sun, and his feet like columns of fire,
Aramaic: And I saw another mighty angel, that descended from heaven, clothed with a cloud; and a cloud-
bow was over his head, and his face was like the sun, and his feet like pillars of fire.
257
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 1cs)
(n ms)
(adj ms)
past 3ms)
,
from/ of (the)
mp)
so/ or I/ you (ms)/
he/it was clothed,
Pa'al/Qal, pssv part,
ms)
with/ by (the) cloud,
(card num)
so/ or bow,
upon
(prep)
pronom)
but/ so/ or his/its
(n ms, 3ms pronom)
just as, like/ as
fs)
and/ but/
so/ or his/its feet,
pronom)
258
:
(prep, n fs
construct)
(n fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 10:2
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: and in his hand was an open scroll. He stepped with his right foot upon the sea and with his
left upon the dry land.
257
Exodus 34:5 Jewish Publishing Society Jewish Publication Society (JPS) uses these words, for Yehovah came down
in the cloud.
258
This rare secondary form of is used in 1 Samuel 17:7 Jewish Publication Society (JPS).
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The Scriptures: and having in his hand a little book opened. And he placed his right foot on the sea and his
left foot on the land,
Aramaic: And he had in his hand an open little book: and he placed his right foot upon the sea, and his left
upon the land:
259
so/ or in/ with/ by/
(prep, n cs, 3ms
pronom)
document,
(n ms)
num)
(adj ms)
so/ or he/ it treaded,
walked, stepped,
past, 3ms)
(n fs)
260
:
3ms pronom)
upon
(prep)
ha
(n ms)
3ms pronom)
upon
(prep)
dry landn fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 10:3
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then he cried with a great voice, like the cry of a lion. And within the hour that he shouted,
the seven voices spoke with their voices.
The Scriptures: and cried with a loud voice, as when a lion roars. And when he cried out, seven thunders
spoke their sounds.
Aramaic: and he cried with a loud voice, as a lion roareth: and when he had cried, the seven thunders
uttered their voices.
261
k
past, 3ms)
n ms)
(adj, ms)
kakas
he
qatal, past, ms)
spelling error
(n ms)
but/ so/ or in/ with/
(prep, n fs)
she
which/ who/ whom
qatal, past, 3ms)
259
Daniel 12:7 Jewish Publication Society (JPS) uses this word as, "right hand."
260
The word yam () can mean sea, river or reflecting pool. See Revelation 9:14, 4:6.
261
It appears the scribe left off a hay or a tav which would make this word a noun. However, as it is written, it is a qatal (past tense)
verb. This should be a noun construct: shout of/ cry of , but c' tza'aqt , would be rare.
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:
(mp)/ they, those
act part, mp)
(card num)
k
k
with/ by their
3mp pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 10:4
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: After they spoke with their voices, I wanted to write them. But I heard a small voice
262
from
the heavens say to me, "Shut them up and do not write them!"
The Scriptures: And when the seven thunders spoke their sounds, I was about to write, but I heard a voice
Aramaic: And when the seven thunders had spoken, I was about to write. And I heard a voice from
heaven, saying: Seal up the things which the seven thunders have uttered, and write them not.
263
which/ who/ whom
3cp)
k
with/ by/ their
mp, 3mp pronom)
added mater lectionis
desired,
wanted
1cs)
lich
constr)
2nd Temple
marker, 3mp pron)
which/ who/ whom
past, 1cs)
ms)
2nd Temple
cp)
you (fp)/ they
fp)
(prep, 1cs pronom)
2ms)
marker, 3mp pron)
262
The phrase, (bat kol) Divine Voice or small voice of God dating from c. 100 BC
through the Talmudic period of Jewish thought (Tractate Kallah Rabbati 8:2).
263
The word, (l'k'tov) meaning, "to write" is Second Temple for its vav mater lectiones.
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264
:
/ but/ so/
or
(neg part)
fut, 2ms)
2nd Temple
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 10:5
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And the messenger which I saw standing on the sea and on the dry land lifted his right and
left hands toward the heavens.
265
The Scriptures: And the messenger whom I saw standing on the sea and on the land lifted up his right
hand to the heaven,
Aramaic: And the angel whom I saw standing upon the sea and the land, raised his right hand to heaven,
ch
but/ so/ or the
(n ms)
it
stand
part, ms)
upon
(prep)
(n ms)
(n fs)
she
which/ who/ whom
qatal, past, 1cs)
fut, 3ms)
3ms, 3ms pronom)
so/ or his/its left
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
264
The word, (tik'tov) meaning, "you will write" is second Temple for its vav mater lectiones. See Targum Jonathan on
Jeremiah 36:2.
265
Daniel 12:7; is an exact quote from the verse "One said to the man clothed in linen, who was above the water of
he
river, swear by the Ever--a and
Jewish Publication
Society (JPS), 1985 Translation.
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Revelation 10:6
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And he swore
266
by the Eternal Living One, who created the heavens and all that exists - the
earth, the sea, and all that is in them There is no more time!"
267
The Scriptures: and swore by Him who lives forever and ever, who created the heaven and what is in it,
the earth and what is in it, and the sea and what is in it, that there shall be no further delay,
Aramaic: and swore, by him who liveth for ever and ever, who created heaven and the things in it, and the
earth and the things in it, and the sea and the things in it, that the time should be no longer;
e
but/ or/ let or may
Niyiqtol, fut,
3ms)
in I/ you (ms)/ he/it
ms)
hal
word, eternity, ever,
ms)
which/ who/ whom
I/ you (ms)/ he/it
part, ms)
ha
(n mp)
(pron)
that/ who/ whom
part)
pron)
e
but/ so/ or the
(n fs)
(n ms)
k
(n ms)
(inter part)
that/ who/ whom
3mp)
:
(neg part)
good, while, longer,
else, yet still,
(adv)
(n fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 10:7
Hebrew Transcription
266
This verb can be either Ni future,
267
Compare to Daniel 12:6-7 Jewish Publication Society (JPS).
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Translation: Just as the seven messengers came, they blew the shofars completing all the mysteries of
Yehovah, announcing to His servants and to His prophets!"
268
The Scriptures: but in the days of the sounding of the seventh messenger, when he is about to sound, the
secret of Elohim shall also be ended, as He declared to His servants the prophets.
Aramaic: but, in the days of the voice of the seventh angel, when he shall sound, and the mystery of God
shall be consummated; as he announced to his servants the prophets.
269
we/ you
(mp)/ they/ those
, act part,
mp)
sheshiv
which/ who/ whom
(card num)
malangels,
part, mp)
2nd Temple
with/ by/ (the)
mp)
tikthey will
fut, 3fp)
270
(3ms, pron)
ha
(n fp)
2nd Temple
Yehovah
(adv, prep)
she/
which/ who/ whom
I/ you (ms)/ he/it
inform(s),
announce(s),
, ms)
belonging to his/its
(prep, n mp, 3ms
pronom)
:
v/
but/ so/ or to/ for/
belonging to his/its
prep, n
mp, 3ms pronom)
Interlinear Chart
268
Compare Amos 3:7 "Indeed, (my Lord, Yehovah) does nothing Without having revealed His purpose (mysteries) To
His servants the prophets." Jewish Publication Society (JPS), 1985 Version.
269
This word, (tok'im) is a Second Temple word found in the War of the Jews 3:5:2.
270
This word, (sodot), is Second Temple plural form which is not found in the Tanakh The Testament of the Twelve
Patriarchs, Judah, 16:4. It is also found in Perek Shirah with ha'sodot , c. 500 BCE.
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Revelation 10:8
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: I
The Scriptures
Aramaic: And the voice which I heard from heaven, spoke to me again, and said: Go, take the little open
book in the hand of the angel that standeth on the sea and on the land.
271
272
but/ or/ so I heard,
past,1cs)
2nd Temple
2nd Temple
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
(prep, 1cs pronom)
273
lech!
imp, 2ms)
or/ so (to a man)
imp 2ms)
ms)
(adj ms)
fs)
angel, messenger,
(n ms)
it
stand
ms)
274
:
upon
(prep)
ms)
land
fs)
Interlinear Chart
271
See The War of the Jews 1:6:5 and The War of the Jews 2:21:8.
272
See Revelation 10:4 for more details on this Hebrew idiom.
273
The scribe added nikkudot (vowel markings) to this verb, perhaps, to emphasize the imperative form. Otherwise, it would mean,
"to you."
274
See verse Revelation 9:14 of this manuscript for use of the word, (ha'yam) for the river Euphrates.
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Revelation 10:9
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
swallow, for it will be like honey in your mouth, but in your inward parts
275
The Scriptures
Aramaic: And I went to the angel, telling him to give me the little book. And he said to me, Take, and eat
it: and it will make thy bowels bitter, but in thy mouth it will be sweet as honey.
ch
but/ or/ so I went,
past, 1cs)
malach, /
for/ belonging to the
past, 1cs)
belonging to
pronom)
2mp)
num mismatch
(prep, 1cs pronom)
fer
scroll,
(n ms)
3ms pron)
past, 3ms)
(prep, 1cs pronom)
2ms)
u' bol'a, "and/ but/
so/ or I/ you (ms)/
part, ms)
(DO marker, pron
3fs)
wrong pronoun
fut, 3ms)
276
le
(prep, 2ms pronom)
(prep, n ms)
with/ by your
(prep, n ms, 2ms
pronom)
indeed, truly,
verily, surely, but
however, howbeit,
contrariwise, nay
with/ by your (ms)
(prep, n mp, 2ms
pronom)
fut, 3ms)
le
(prep, 2ms pronom)
:
tzaar, grief,
sorrow, sadness,
regret, remorse, sad,
Interlinear Chart
275
Compare to Ezekiel 3:3.
276
ibid.
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Revelation 10:10
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: I took the scroll from the hand of the messenger and then ate. It became like honey in my
mouth. But after I swallowed, it was grief to my inward parts.
The Scriptures
honey in my mouth, but when I had eaten it, my stomach was made bitter.
Aramaic: And I took the little book from the hand of the angel, and ate it: and it was in my mouth sweet
like honey: and when I had eaten it, my bowels were bitter.
past, 1cs)
scroll, book,
document,
n ms )
ch
(n ms)
u
past, 1cs)
marker, 3ms
pronom)
so/ or he/it
Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
n ms)
(prep, n ms)
she
which/ who/ whom
past,1cs)
a
past, 3ms)
(prep, 1cs pronom)
sorrow, sadness,
regret, pain, ache,
ms)
with/ by my inward
1cs pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 10:11
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: the
The Scriptures
Aramaic: And be said to me, Thou must again prophesy upon many nations, and peoples, and princes, and
kings.
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277
3ms pron)
past, 3ms)
(prep, 1cs pronom)
(pron, 2ms)
ms)
Mishnaic
inf constr)
belonging to (the)
mp)
but/ so/ or to/ for/
belonging to
mp)
but /so /or to/ for/
belonging to the
Interlinear Chart
277
The () yod-kaf suffix is a result of Second Temple Hebrew influenced by the Aramaic language. This linguistic phenomenon is
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Cochin Revelation Chapter 11
Pageview Image MS Cochin Oo.1.16.2 Chapter 11
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Revelation 11:1
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: holy place of
Yehovah and His altar, for there are intercessors
The Scriptures
and measure the Dwelling Place of Elohim, and the slaughter-place, and those worshipping in it.
Aramaic: And a reed was given to me, like a rod; and the angel stood, saying, Arise, and measure the
temple of God, and the altar, and them that worship therein.
278
so/ or I/ you (ms)/
Pa'al/Qal, act part
ms)
(prep, 1cs pronom)
(n ms)
num)
n fs)
ms)
past, 3ms)
279
280
2ms)
constr)
2nd Temple
haakholy
place,
(n ms)
Yehovah
from his/its altar,
ms, 3ms pronom)
so/ or these, those,
(3mp pronom)
2nd Temple
l
but/ so /or the we/
you (mp) they/those
who prayersv.
mp)
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
278
Ezekiel 40:5 uses this phrase, (kaneh echad) to say, "Along the outside of the Temple [area] ran a wall on every side. The
rod that the man held was six cubits long, plus one handbreadth for each cubit; and when he applied it to that structure, it measured
one rod deep and one rod high." Jewish Publication Society (JPS), 1985 (emphasis mine). The description of the Temple and its
interior and buildings is described in Ezekiel chapter 40 and 41 and includes a measurement of the altar.
279
The margin notes appear to be written by the original scribe. See the first use of this word in Revelation 4:10.
280
See The War of the Jews 7:8.
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Revelation 11:2
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Rather measure the inner holy place, but do not include
281
the outer court: for it is given to
the nations to walk the holy city for forty-
The Scriptures
has been given to the nations, and they shall trample the set-apart city under foot for forty-two months.
Aramaic: But the court which is without the temple, leave out, and measure it not; because it is given to
the Gentiles; and they will tread down the holy city forty and two months.
282
verily, surely, but
holy
(n ms)
(adj ms)
2ms)
(n ms)
(neg part)
fut, 2ms)
clause)
(3ms pron)
part, ms)
belonging to the
(prep, n mp)
fut, 3mp)
(n fs)
(n ms)
(card num)
(card num)
chodashim,
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 11:3
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
The Scriptures
281
The word (zerok), means to throw out - .
282
The Word, (timod) is the same spelling used in Ezekiel 45:3 when he was also instructed to measure the holy Temple. The
yiqtol as in this case, can be used as an English imperative.
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Aramaic: And I will give my two witnesses; and they will prophesy a thousand and two hundred and sixty
days, clothed in sackcloth.
(pron, 1cs)
he/ it give(s),
ms)
et, (DO marker)
shanei
(card num)
(n mp)
who/ whom to/ for/
(prep, 1cs pronom)
(pron 3mp)
you (mp)/ they,
mp)
(card num)
vei,
num)
(card num)
(card num)
so/ or (the) dressed,
with/ by (the)
mp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 11:4
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: For these are the two olive trees and the two torches standing before Elohei (God) of the
earth.
283
The Scriptures: These are the two olive trees and the two lampstands that are standing before the Elohim
of the earth.
Aramaic: These are the two olive-trees, and the two candlesticks which stand before the Lord of the earth.
cp)
pronom)
she
num)
e
num)
(n mp)
Mishnaic
(mp) /they, those
standingv.
mp)
283
See also Zechariah 4:11-14 for the prophecy of the two messiahs (anointed ones).
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before the face of,
before me, in front
f,
(n mp constr)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 11:5
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
If anyone wants to harm these, then fire will come
284
and consume them.
The Scriptures: And if anyone wishes to harm them, fire comes out from their mouth and consumes their
enemies. And if anyone wishes to harm them, he has to be killed in that way.
Aramaic: And if any person will harm them, fire cometh out of their mouth, and consumeth their
adversary; and if any one will harm them, thus must he be slain.
she
which/ who/ whom
one,(card num)
ms)
constr)
(prep, 3mp pronom)
(n fs)
fut, 3fs)
285
(n fs)
past, 3ms)
tense mismatch
marker, 3mp pron)
Interlinear Chart
284
The yiqtol can be a simple future tense, the language of the Law, or an iterative action - past (Numbers 11:4-6) or future. See
legend and definitions for more details.
285
This could be a gender and number mismatch. However, this could also
This would fit better with the Tanakh since Yehovah sends fire to destroy His enemies. See Genesis 19:24, Numbers 16:35 and
Ezekiel 5:4 as examples.
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Revelation 11:6
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: During the time they are prophets, they have the authority to shut the heavens so that no rain
comes on the earth, and over the waters to turn them into blood,
286
and to strike the earth with plagues,
whenever they please.
The Scriptures: These possess authority to shut the heaven, so that no rain falls in the days of their
prophecy. And they possess authority over waters to turn them to blood, and to smite the earth with all
plagues, as often as they wish.
Aramaic: They have power to shut up heaven, so that the rain shall not fall in those days: and they have
power over the waters, to turn them into blood; and to smite the earth with all plagues, as often as they
please.
so/ or to/ for/
(prep, 3mp pronom)
part)
constr)
(n mp)
(neg part)
come
fut, 3ms)
ms)
upon
(prep)
(prep, n mp constr)
3mp pronom)
on,
(prep)
into
inf constr)
(prep, n ms)
v
but/ so/ or to smite,
with/ by (the)
strokes, plagues,
diseases, marks,
plague spots, marks
of leprosy,
mp)
n ms)
286
See Exodus 7:20.
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which/ who/ whom
yiqtol, fut, 3mp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 11:7
:
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: After their testimony was finished, He
287
brought forth the beast from the deep. The beast
battled,
288
prevailed and killed them.
The Scriptures: And when they have ended their witness, the beast coming up out of the pit of the deep
shall fight against them, and overcome them, and kill them,
Aramaic: And when they shall have completed their testimony, the beast of prey that came up from the
abyss, will make war upon them, and will overcome them.
289
290
291
so/ or after, and
(prep)
she
which/ who/ whom
pssv
past, 3ms)
(n ms, 3mp pronom)
2nd Temple
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
fs)
shech
which/ who/ whom
past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
(prep, n fs)
2nd Temple
(n fs)
(prep, 3mp pronom)
3ms)
marker, 3ms pron)
fut, 3ms)
marker, 3mp pron)
Interlinear Chart
287
Yeshua. The context is not clear.
288
This word, (milchama) is a noun but appears to be used as a verb as in Deuteronomy 2:9.
289
This verb form is either a
active or passive voice. I s the context.
290
This spelling is found in 1 Maccabees 7:7 or Against Apion 1:13:1.
291
This spelling is found in The War of the Jews 5:5:1.
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Revelation 11:8
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then their corpses were thrown
292
into the streets of the Holy City, called Sodom and Egypt,
and is also the exact place
293
where our Master was crucified.
The Scriptures: And their dead bodies lie in the street of the great city which spiritually is called Seom
and Mitsrayim, where also our Master was impaled,
Aramaic: And their dead bodies [will be] in the open street of that great city, which is spiritually called
Sodom and Egypt, where also their Lord was crucified.
but/ or/ so their
(n mp, 3mp
pronom)
3mp)
upon
(prep)
fs)
ms)
294
(name)
(conj)
or
so/ or again, also,
too, in addition,
(part))
ha
she
which/ who/ whom
3ms)
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 11:9
Hebrew Transcription
292
This could be a tense error or could be a verb form used in a passive narrative voice as described in the footnote of Revelation
11:7.
293
The scribe crossed out and placed a small circle above to indicate a marginal note. The marginal note was included in the
translation.
294
This Nif'al verb form is not found in the Tanakh nor is its root (tzlav). However, during the Second Temple period, the root
meaning "to crucify" is found in many ancient sources including The War of the Jews 1:4.
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Translation #1: And they of the nations and tribes, see their corpses for three and one-half days, but you
295
do not bury them.
Translation #2: And they of the nations and tribes will see their corpses for three and one-half days, and
they will not be buried.
296
The Scriptures: and some of the peoples and tribes and tongues and nations see their dead bodies for three
and a half days, and not allow their dead bodies to be placed into tombs,
Aramaic: And [they] of the nations and tribes and peoples and tongues, will look upon their dead bodies,
three days and a half; and will not suffer their dead bodies to be laid in the grave.
297
298
(pron, ms)
2nd Temple
a
(prep, n mp)
a' shvatim,
(prep, n mp)
yiqtol, fut, 3mp)
et, (DO marker)
but/ so/ or their
3mp pronom)
spelling error
(card num)
ת
mp)
ms)
part)
fut, 2mp)
Possible error:
verb form for:
(nikberu) meaning,
marker, 3mp pron)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 11:10
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Those dwelling upon the earth rejoiced over them and sent gifts to one another since the
prophets brought a lot of grief to the inhabitants of the earth.
295
296
Translation #2 would mean that the verb (tikberu) is a second person future, masculine plural. The structure of this verb still
(nikberu)
where the tav would be corrected to a nun. See interlinear table above for more details.
297
This conjunctive phrase only started in the Second Temple era. See War of the Jews 1:32:3
298
The word (nvlot) means corpse. The scribe added the third person, plural, masculine possessive suffix which makes it
"their corpses."
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The Scriptures: and those dwelling on the earth rejoice over them and exult. And they shall send gifts to
each other, because these two prophets tortured those dwelling on the earth.
Aramaic: And they who dwell on the earth will rejoice over them, and will be merry, and will send
presents to one another; because those two prophets tormented them who dwell on the earth.
299
so/ or these, those,
(3mp pronom)
2nd Temple
hathe, that
we/ you (mp)/ they,
those v.
mp)
2nd Temple
upon
(prep)
will be happy,
fut, 3mp)
upon, over,
about,
regarding,
pron 3mp)
3ms)
300
fp)
ms, 3ms pronom)
clause)
ha
ha' lelu, these/
those," (n 3p)
2nd Temple
past, 3cp)
ms)
(pron, 3ms)
ha
dwelling,
2nd Temple
upon
(prep)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 11:11
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And after three and a half days, they rose and stomped to their feet, and great fear and terror
fell upon those seeing them.
The Scriptures: And after the three and a half days a spirit of life from Elohim entered into them, and they
stood upon their feet, and great fear fell on those who saw them.
Aramaic: And after these three days and a half, the spirit of life from God entered into them, and they
stood upon their feet: and great fear fell on those who saw them.
299
This word could be either a noun or an active participle verb and is repeated later in the verse. This was translated as an English
verb in the first place and as a noun in the second place because it fits the context.
300
With the same spelling for "the praise" in the Tanakh, this pronoun literally means, "the these" and was in used in the Second
Temple. See Book of Judith 2:27.
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so/ or after,
(card num)
(n mp)
3mp)
pronom)
you (mp)/ they,
those stomping, run
part, mp)
2nd Temple
upon
(prep)
3mp pronom)
u'pachad, "and/ but/
so/ or (the) fear," (n
ms)
(n fs)
fs)
past, 3ms)
upon
(prep)
eilu, "those, these,
the following,"
(3mp pronom)
2nd Temple
(mp) / they, those
v.
mp)
(DO marker, 3mp
pron)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 11:12
Hebrew Transcription
Translation #1: And they heard Then they ascended to the heavens in a cloud,
and they saw their enemies.
Translation #2: And they heard Then they ascended to the heavens in a cloud,
and their enemies saw them.
301
The Scriptures
went up into the heaven in a cloud, and their enemies saw them.
Aramaic: And they heard a great voice from heaven, which said to them: Come up hither. And they
ascended to heaven in a cloud; and their enemies saw them.
301
It is unclear whether the "they" refers to the witnesses or the enemies, so both translations are included.
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you (mp)/ they,
mp)
k
(n ms)
(card num)
past 3ms)
(prep, 3mp pronom)
2mp)
so/ they will
fut, 3mp)
with/ by (the)
mp)
(prep, n ms)
(card num)
past 3mp)
(DO marker, part,
3mp pron)
you (mp)/ they,
those who hate
part. 3mp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 11:13
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: At that time,
302
there were tremblings of the earth; a tenth part of the city fell, and seven
thousand died among the children of mankind. Others were terrified but we gave praise to Elohei (God) of
the heavens.
The Scriptures: And in that hour there came to be a great earthquake, and a tenth of the city fell. And in
the earthquake seven thousand men were killed, and the rest became afraid and gave esteem to the Elohim
of the heaven.
Aramaic: And in the same hour there was a great earthquake, and the tenth part of the city fell: and the
persons killed in the earthquake, were seven thousand names: and they who remained were afraid, and gave
glory to God.
but/ so/ or in/ with/
(prep, n fs)
fs)
past, 3ms)
so/ or (the) portion,
(card num)
302
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fs)
3ms)
but/ so/ or will he/it
yiqtol, fut, 3mp)
tense mismatch
(card numb)
(card num)
e
(the) children,
constr)
ms)
but/ so/ or other,
another, different,
3mp)
disturbed,
past 3mp)
past, 1cp)
she
appreciation,
(n ms)
belonging to (the)
mp constr)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 11:14
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: See! The second sorrow has come, and the third sorrow comes!
The Scriptures: The second woe is past, and see, the third woe is coming speedily.
Aramaic: The second woe is passed: behold, the third woe cometh quickly.
:
(to a man)
2ms)
(n ms)
num)
past, 3ms)
a
but/ so/ or the
ba, I/ you (ms)/
he/it comes
act part,
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 11:15
303
(Cochin 12:1)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then the seventh messenger blew and there were many voices in heaven declaring the songs
of creation.
304
All things are subject to our Lord Yeshua, and he shall reign forever and ever.
303
Chapter 11 continues with verse 15. However, the Cochin manuscript begins chapter 12 with this verse.
304
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The Scriptures: And the seventh messenger sounded, and there came to be loud voices in the heaven,
Aramaic: And the seventh angel sounded; and there were voices and thunders, which said: The kingdom of
the world hath become [the kingdom] of our Lord and of his Messiah; and he will reign for ever and ever.
ch
but/ so/ or the angel,
ha
past, 3ms)
past, 3ms)
3mp)
with/ by (the)
mp)
(mp)/ they, those
part, mp)
of everlasting,
eternity, world,
ms)
the this, that
(pron ms)
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
(n ms, 3mp pronom)
305
(n mp, 1cp pronom)
(name)
3ms pron)
fut, 3ms)
(the) forever, of
(prep)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 11:16 (Cochin 12:2)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And the twenty-four elders sitting on their thrones before Yehovah fell upon their faces,
praying to Yehovah,
The Scriptures: And the twenty-four elders sitting before Elohim on their thrones fell on their faces and
worshipped Elohim,
Aramaic: And the twenty and four Elders, who are before the throne of God, [and] who sit upon their
seats, fell upon their faces, and worshipped God,
305
See Revelation 1:1.
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(card num)
(card num)
(adj mp)
you (mp)/ they,
mp)
upon
(prep)
3mp pronom)
before the face of,
before me, in front
306
:
Yehovah
(mp)/ they, those
falling
mp)
upon
(prep)
face(s)
3mp pronom)
l
but/ so /or (the) we/
you (mp)/ they pray,
, act part,
mp)
for/ belonging to
name)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 11:17 (Cochin 12:3)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Lord of Armies -
The Scriptures
coming, because You have taken Your great power and reigned.
Aramaic: saying: We praise thee, O Lord God, Omnipotent, who art, and wast; because thou hast assumed
thy great power, and hast reigned.
307
(mp)/ they, those
sayingv.
mp)
(1cp pron)
2nd Temple
(mp/ they, those
part, mp)
2nd Temple
she
(n ms)
le
(prep, 2ms pronom)
adon
ms)
past, 3ms)
2nd Temple
but/ so/ or I/ you
part, ms)
, so/
or
3ms)
Interlinear Chart
306
307
See Against Apion 2:7:1 by Josephus (composed c. 90 - 110 CE).
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Revelation 11:18 (Cochin 12:4)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: The time of the nations
308
were filled. Therefore, the time of Your wrath and judgment of
the dead comes: to give recompense to your servants, the holy prophets, and the righteous who revere You
-
The Scripture
judged, and to give the reward to Your servants the prophets and to the set-apart ones, and to those who
Aramaic: And the nations were angry; and thy anger is come, and the time of the dead, that they should be
judged: and that thou shouldst give a reward to thy servants, the prophets, and the saints, and to them that
fear thy name, the small and the great; and that thou shouldst destroy them who destroyed the earth.
309
but/ so/ or the
mp)
Hebrew marker
Note: Mishnaic verb
binyan structure.
3mp)
Mishnaic
yea,
though, so much the
more
3ms)
u
or I/ you (ms)/ he/it
ms)
ap
(n ms, 2ms pronom)
ms)
310
constr)
you/ they those
part, mp)
Mishnaic
but/ so/ or to/ for/
belonging to your
(prep n mp)
ha
v
but/ so/ or to/ for/
belonging to (the)
311
312
313
314
or to/ for/ belonging
(prep, 3mp pronom)
2nd Temple
ha
mp)
/
of your face, from
pronom)
lak'taniym, "for/ to
the little ones,
(adj mp)
2nd Temple
edolim,
for/ belonging to
adj mp)
v
but/ so/ or to
inf constr)
2nd Temple
but considering,
pron mp)
2nd Temple
308
See Genesis 15:16, Revelation 11:17 and Luke 21:24.
309
is a Mishnaic verb binyan with a mix of the Nifal and Hitpael stems used regularly in Mishnaic Hebrew to express
reflexive action. Retrieved from: Accordance software help files. This word is first found in the Mishnah Parah 6:5.
310
See Revelation 2:17 for more details.
311
This spelling is found in Duties of the Heart 3:205.
312
This spelling is found in Midrash of Philo 2:9:26 from the Second Temple Period.
313
This spelling is found in Book of Jubilees 10:8.
314
From the late Second Temple to the Talmudic period, this exact spelling is found in Jerusalem Talmud Peah 3:2:1.
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she/
which/ who/ whom
they corrupted,
qatal, past, 3mp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 11:19 (Cochin 12:5)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: In the heavens, Yehovah's house of prayer
315
opened and revealed the Ark of the tablets of
the Covenant in His house. Then there are voices and thunders and lightnings
316
and tremors of the earth
and great hail.
The Scriptures: And the Dwelling Place of Elohim was opened in the heaven, and the ark of His covenant
was seen in His Dwelling Place. And there came to be lightnings, and voices, and thunders, and an
earthquake, and great hail.
Aramaic: And the temple of God in heaven was opened; and the ark of his covenant was seen in his
temple: and there were lightnings, and thunders, and voices, and an earthquake, and great hail.
317
ms)
fs)
2nd Temple
Yehovah
ms)
with/ by (the)
mp)
Hebrew marker
Note: Mishnaic verb binyan structure.
Mishnaic
318
319
320
b
(prep, n ms)
pronom)
2nd Temple
so/ or became,
qatal, past, 3ms)
kolot,
but/ so/ or (the)
2nd Temple
315
See Isaiah 56:7, Ezekiel 43:10. The Temple is referred to as a "house of prayer."
316
See Exodus 20:18.
317
This spelling with the added yod is found first in Targum of Jonathan Exodus 13:9
318
This is the spelling written 16 times in the Torah including Exodus 25:22; 26:34; 27:21, etc. This is an idiomatic phrase that refers
to the Ark of the Covenant that contains the tablets of the covenant.
319
This spelling is found in Sefer HaKana 16:2
320
This spelling is found in The Wisdom of Solomon 19:12
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321
so/ or (the)
(n mp)
so/ or (the) tremors,
(n fp)
2nd Temple
so/ or (the) hailn
ms)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
321
This spelling is found in Mishnah Parah 11:2 written possibly before c. 200 CE.
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Cochin Revelation Chapter 12
Pageview Image MS Cochin Oo.1.16.2 Chapter 12
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Revelation 12:1 (Cochin 12:6)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: A great thing is seen again in the heavens: a woman clothed with the sun, the moon beneath
her feet, and on her head a crown of twelve stars.
The Scriptures: And a great sign was seen in the heaven: a woman clad with the sun, with the moon under
her feet, and on her head a crown of twelve stars.
Aramaic: And a great wonder was seen in heaven; a woman clothed with the sun, and the moon under her
feet, and on her head a coronet of twelve stars.
Hebrew marker
Note: Mishnaic verb
binyan structure.
so/ or she/it was
qatal, past, 3fs)
Mishnaic
too, in addition,
(part)
with/ by (the)
mp)
(card num)
isha,
fs)
ms)
wrong pronoun
(prep, n ms)
instead, below,
beneath, at the
foot,prep)
fp, 3fs pronom)
ms, 3fs pronom)
ms)
(card num)
(card num)
num)
mp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 12:2 (Cochin 12:7)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: She was with child and crying out, sat upon the birthing seat, and was in great pain because
of her labor.
The Scriptures: And being pregnant, she cried out in labour and in pain to give birth.
Aramaic: And, being with child, she cried, and travailed, and had the pangs of bringing forth.
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322
323
hi,
pron)
3ms)
wrong pronoun
you (fs)/ she/it is
2nd Temple
but/ so/ or I/ you
(fs)/ she/it cry(s)
act part, fs)
2nd Temple
pron)
dwelt, sat,
fs)
upon
(prep)
324
:
the
birth, birth stool,
ms)
past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
(prep, 3fs pronom)
sorrow, sadness,
ms)
2nd Temple
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 12:3 (Cochin 12:8)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then there was another wonder in the heavens: I saw a dragon,
325
and he had seven heads and
ten horns, and on his heads were seven crowns.
The Scriptures: And another sign was seen in the heaven: and see, a great, fiery red dragon having seven
heads and ten horns, and seven crowns on his heads.
Aramaic: And there appeared another wonder in heaven; and lo, a great fiery dragon, which had seven
heads and ten horns, and upon his head seven diadems.
or (the) wonder,
(n ms)
(adj ms)
past 3ms)
with/ by (the)
mp)
past, 1cs)
num)
or dragon, serpent,
sea monster,
dinosaur, sea or
river monster,
venomous snake,
(n ms)
322
This spelling is confirmed in The Midrash of Philo 4:25:2.
323
This spelling is confirmed in Sefer HaKana 9:41.
324
This spelling in confirmed in Book of Tobit 7:7
325
The first use of this word is in Genesis 1:21 where Jewish Publication Society
12:15 speaks of a "waters like a great sea from its mouth" so it appears to be associated with the sea.
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or to/ for/ belonging
(prep, 3ms pronom)
past, 3ms)
(card numb)
roshim,
mp)
so/ or (the) ten
(card num)
(n mp)
/ but/ so/
pronom)
(card numb)
(n mp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 12:4 (Cochin 12:9)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: His tail took a third of the stars and threw them to the earth. Then the dragon stepped in front
of the woman giving birth, in order to consume the male child being born of the mother.
The Scriptures: And his tail draws a third of the stars of the heaven and throws them to the earth. And the
dragon stood before the woman who was about to give birth, to devour her child as soon as it was born.
Aramaic: And his tail drew along the third part of the stars of heaven, and cast them on the earth. And the
dragon was standing before the woman, who was about to bring forth, so that, when she should bring forth,
he might devour her child.
e
ms, 3ms pronom)
past, 3ms)
a
(prep, n mp)
past, 3ms)
marker, 3mp
pronom)
upon
(prep)
so/ or the dragon,
serpent, sea
monster, dinosaur,
sea or river monster,
venomous snake,
(n ms)
past, 3ms)
before the face of,
before me, in front
she
3fs)
according to, as, in
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constr)
n fs)
sh
which/ who/ whom
I/ you (ms)/ he/it is
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 12:5 (Cochin 12:10)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: She gave birth to a son who leads the nations with a rod of iron.
326
And he is taken before
Yehovah and His throne.
The Scriptures: And she bore a male child who was to shepherd all nations with a rod of iron. And her
child was caught away to Elohim and to His throne.
Aramaic: And she brought forth a male child, who was to rule all nations with a rod of iron. And her child
was caught up to God and to his throne.
so/ or she/it gave
qatal, past, 3fs)
num)
ms)
mp)
by (the) rodprep,
n ms)
ms)
(n ms)
ms)
before the face of,
before me, in front
Yehovah
and/ but/
so/ or his/its
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 12:6 (Cochin 12:11)
Hebrew Transcription
326
See Psalm 2:9. This phrase is also used in Revelation 2:27A, and 19:15.
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Translation: Because it was prepared for her by Yehovah, the woman walked the wilderness, in the place
there supporting her, one thousand two hundred sixty days.
The Scriptures: And the woman fled into the wilderness, where she has a place prepared by Elohim, to be
nourished there one thousand two hundred and sixty days.
Aramaic: And the woman fled into the wilderness, where she had a place which was prepared for her by
God; so that they might nourish her there a thousand and two hundred and sixty days.
a
so/ or the woman,
qatal, past, 3fs)
with/ by (the)
(conj)
or
she
which/ who/ whom
rel part,
past, 3ms)
(ms)/ he/it was
pssv part, ms)
belonging to her/it,
(prep, 3fs pronom)
sham,
ms)
(card num)
(prep, name)
marker, 3fs pron)
(card num)
va
(card num)
(card num)
(card num)
num mismatch
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 12:7 (Cochin 12:12)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then war was made in the heavens. The messenger Michael and his messengers fought the
dragon and his messengers; they fought with them.
The Scriptures: And there came to be fighting in the heaven: Mi
the dragon. And the dragon and his messengers fought,
Aramaic: And there was war in heaven: Michael and his angels fought against the dragon, and the dragon
and his angels fought,
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so/ or I/ you (ms)/
ms)
fs)
with/ by (the)
mp)
ha
(n ms)
Michael (name)
angels,
3ms pronom)
327
qatal, past, 3mp)
ha
dragon, serpent, sea
monster, dinosaur,
sea or river monster,
venomous snake,
(n ms)
angels,
3ms pronom)
past, 3mp)
(prep, 3mp pronom)
2nd Temple
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 12:8 (Cochin 12:13)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: They did not prevail, so their place was not found in heaven any longer.
The Scriptures: but they were not strong enough, nor was a place found for them in the heaven any longer.
Aramaic: and prevailed not; nor was their place found any more in heaven.
328
part)
past 3mp)
2nd Temple
so/ or again, also,
too, in addition,
(part)
part)
qatal, past, 3ms)
et, (DO marker)
pronom)
with/ by (the)
mp)
Interlinear Chart
327
In the Tanakh Midrash of Philo 4:10:2 it is spelled with the yod.
328
This spelling is found in Second Temple Against Apion 1:6.
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Revelation 12:9 (Cochin 12:14)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And the great dragon - called Satan the Destroyer, the inciter of the entire world - was cast
out. Him with his messengers were thrown to the earth, to dwell there.
The Scriptures: And the great dragon was thrown out, that serpent of old, called the Devil and Satan, who
leads all the world astray. He was thrown to the earth, and his messengers were thrown out with him.
Aramaic: And the great dragon was cast out, the old serpent, who is called the Deceiver, and Satan, who
seduceth all the inhabited world: he was cast upon the earth, and his angels were cast out with him.
329
but/ so/ or was
past, 3ms)
2nd Temple
belonging to (the)
ms)
ha
so/ or the dragon,
serpent, sea
monster, dinosaur,
sea or river monster,
venomous snake,
(n ms)
ha
great, big, large
(adj, ms)
ms)
the
330
you (ms)/ he/it
persuade(s),
act part, ms)
2nd Temple
et, (DO marker)
forever, ever,
(n ms)
3ms pron)
angels, his/its
3ms pronom)
331
you (mp)/ they are
sent, cast,
(
ms)
upon
(prep)
l
constr)
sham, there adv)
Interlinear Chart
329
This spelling of the word, (nashalich) is found in The War of the Jews 2:14.
330
This spelling is found in The War of the Jews 2:7:2.
331
This spelling is found after the Second Temple in Rashi on Pesachim. It is a simple conjugation of the first word in the verse
. The word makes it unused in the Tanakh
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Revelation 12:10 (Cochin 12:15a
332
)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation #1: works
of our Elohim and His Messiah, because he (Satan
Translation #2: I heard a great voice in heaven that said, "Now the mighty works were seen of our Elohim
and His Messiah, because
having been the adversary from all time, they are cast out."
333
The Scriptures
power and the reign of our Elohim and the authority of His Messiah, for the accuser of our brothers, who
accused them before our Elohim day and night, has been thrown down.
Aramaic: And I heard a great voice in heaven, which said: Now is there deliverance, and the power and the
kingdom of our God, and the dominion of his Messiah: because the Accuser of our brethren is cast out, who
accused them day and night before our God.
334
but/ so/ or I heard
past, 1cs)
(n ms)
,
ms)
with/ by (the)
mp)
sheama
which/ who/ whom
he
past, 3ms)
(adv)
2nd Temple
Hebrew marker
Note: Mishnaic verb
binyan structure.
nea,
so/ or she/it was
qatal, past, 3fs)
Mishnaic
mighty works,
fp)
pronom)
but/ so/ or his/its
3ms pronom)
(conj)
or
she
which who/ whom
was thrown, was
cast (rel part, v
3ms)
2nd Temple
belonging to out,
outside, abroadn
ms)
,
ms)
:
she
which/ who/ whom
past, 3ms)
ms)
(n fs)
belonging to satan,
adversaryprep n
ms)
over, about,
(prep, 3mp pronom)
Interlinear Chart
332
This was labeled as 15A as the manuscript combines both verses 10 and 11 into one verse.
333
It is uncertain if this is the . Therefore, both translations were provided.
334
See Revelation 1:18 for first use of this word.
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Revelation 12:11 (Cochin 12:15b)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: They prevailed over him by the blood of the Lamb and by the word of their testimonies, and
they count their lives as nothing.
The Scriptures
their witness, and they did not love their lives to the death.
Aramaic: And they overcame him, because of the blood of the Lamb, and because of the word of their
testimony: and they loved not their life, even to death.
335
336
but/ so/ or they will
defeat, prevailv.
3mp)
2nd Temple
tense mismatch
marker, 3ms
pronom)
ms)
(n ms)
ms)
2nd Temple
337
338
n fp, 3mp pronom)
but/ so/ or they
past, 3mp)
et, (DO marker)
pronom)
belonging to
pron)
2nd Temple
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 12:12 (Cochin 12:16)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: So, rejoice, heavens and everything in it, but woe to those dwelling on land and sea! Satan is
coming down to you with the fierceness of great anger, for he knows his time is shortened!
The Scriptures
335
This spelling is found in The War of the Jews 3:6 of the Second Temple Period.
336
This spelling is found in Letter of Aristeas 160 of the Second Temple Period.
337
suffix, which the author did 63 times.
338
This spelling is found in The Midrash of Philo 3:21:2 of the Second Temple Period.
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Aramaic: Therefore, be joyful, O heaven, and ye that dwell there. Woe to the earth, and to the sea; for the
Deceiver hath come down to you, being in great wrath since he knoweth that his time is short.
339
340
but/ so/ or in/ with/
(prep)
2nd Temple
,
ms)
2mp)
mp)
Idiom:
conj)
/it
341
342
(interj part)
(prep, 3mp pronom)
2nd Temple
(mp)/ they those
part, mp)
upon
(prep)
(n ms)
343
344
rel
clause)
satan, adversary,
descended, is gone
qatal,
past, 3ms)
belonging to you
pronom)
with/ by fierceness,
n ms)
ms)
345
:
so/ or he
part, ms)
she
which/ who/ whom
there is, there
(part)
belonging to
pronom)
season, a set time,
ms)
past, 3ms)
2nd Temple
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 12:13 (Cochin 12:17)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Because the dragon saw that he was thrown to the earth, pursued the woman who gave birth.
339
This word, bishvil was common in the Second Temple Period. See Book of Tobit 7:7.
340
This idiom is found in Deuteronomy 10:14, 13:15, Joshua 6:17, 6:24, 10:28.
341
Refer to Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael 2:42, 135 CE.
342
The Book of Maccabees II 12:3.
343
See Revelation 2:9.
344
Compare to Nahum 1:6.
345
This spelling is found in The Midrash of Philo 2:15:10.
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The Scriptures: And when the dragon saw that he had been thrown to the earth, he persecuted the woman
who gave birth to the male child.
Aramaic: And when the dragon saw that he was cast out upon the earth, he persecuted the woman who
brought forth the male child.
so/ or because, as
(conj)
she
(rel part, v.
past, 3ms)
ha
dragon, serpent, sea
monster, dinosaur,
sea or river monster,
venomous snake,
(n ms)
she
qatal, past, 3ms)
2nd Temple
upon
(prep)
pursue(d
qatal,
past, 3ms)
:
(prep)
ha
woman, wife,
spousen fs)
she
which/ who/ whom
(rel part, v.
past, 3fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 12:14 (Cochin 12:18a)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then the woman is given two wings like a great eagle.
346
She walks to the wilderness in a
place belonging to Yehovah supporting her there, away from the dragon, for a season and two and one-half
seasons.
The Scriptures: And the woman was given two wings of a great eagle, to fly into the wilderness to her
place, where she is nourished for a time and times and half a time, from the presence of the serpent.
Aramaic: And to the woman were given the two wings of the great eagle, that she might fly into the
wilderness, to her place; where she is nourished a time and times and half a time, from the face of the
serpent.
346
Compare to Exodus 19:4, Isaiah 43:19 and chapter 41.
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so/ or I/ you (ms)/
he/it give(s)v.
ms)
belonging to the
n fs)
num)
(n mp)
n ms)
according to, as, in
347
348
inf)
Mishnaic
by (the)
k
with/ by (the)
she
which/ who/ whom
(rel part, v.
past, 3ms)
(prep, 3fs pronom)
Yehovah
belong, provide,
inf constr)
2nd Temple
349
marker, 3fs pron)
seasonn fs)
(card num)
va
(card num)
fp)
2nd Temple
(prep)
or the dragon,
serpent, sea
monster, dinosaur,
sea or river monster,
venomous snake,
(n ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 12:15 (Cochin 12:18b)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: From his mouth the dragon cast waters behind her like a great sea, so to silence her.
The Scriptures: And out of his mouth the serpent spewed water like a river after the woman, to cause her
to be swept away by the river.
Aramaic: And the serpent ejected from his mouth waters like a river, after the woman, that he might cause
her to be carried away by the flood.
347
This spelling is found in The Midrash of Philo 2:24:3.
348
This spelling is found in Targum Jonathan on Ezekiel 34:23.
349
The spelling is found in The Midrash of Philo 2:4:15.
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3ms)
ha
dragon, serpent, sea
monster, dinosaur,
sea or river monster,
venomous snake,
(n ms)
(prep)
woman, wife,
spousen fs)
n
mp)
(prep, n ms, 3fs
pronom)
wrong pronoun
ms)
according to, as, in
inf constr)
marker)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 12:16 (Cochin 12:19)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: But because he opened his mouth and swallowed the waters the dragon cast behind her, the
earth delivered the woman.
The Scriptures: And the earth helped the woman, and the earth opened its mouth and swallowed up the
river which the dragon had spewed out of his mouth.
Aramaic: And the earth helped the woman: and the earth opened its mouth, and drank up the flood which
the serpent ejected from his mouth.
indeed, truly,
verily, surely, but
however, howbeit,
contrariwise, nay
past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
belonging to (the)
(prep n fs)
part, fs)
(conj)
or
she that/
which/ who/ she/it
past, 3fs)
et, (DO marker)
pronom)
or he/it swallowed,
past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
she
which/ who/ whom
he/it cast, threw
rel part, v.
3ms)
ha
dragon, serpent, sea
monster, dinosaur,
sea or river monster,
venomous snake,
(n ms)
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
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Revelation 12:17 (Cochin 12:20)
350
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: The dragon, filled with anger for the woman, went to war with the remnant of her seed -
those doing the commands of Yehovah and believing in the testimony
of His Messiah.
351
The Scriptures: And the dragon was enraged with the woman, and he went to fight with the remnant of her
seed, those guarding the commands of Elohim and possessing the witness of Messiah.
Aramaic: And the dragon was enraged against the woman; and he went to make war upon the residue of
her seed, who keep the commandments of God, and have the testimony of Jesus.
352
a
but/ so/ or the
dragon, serpent, sea
monster, dinosaur,
sea or river monster,
venomous snake,
(n ms)
Hebrew marker
Note: Mishnaic
verb binyan
structure.
ale,
so/ or he/it was
full
qatal, past, 3ms)
Mishnaic
in/ with/ by
(the) anger, nose,
(prep, n ms)
regard to,
and/ but/
3ms)
lilchom, fight,
battle, war, devoir,
constr)
353
hathe we/
you (mp)/ they,
mp)
n ms, 3fs pronom)
2nd Temple
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
et, (DO marker)
mitzvot,
fp)
Yehovah
354
:
but/ so/ or we/ you
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
2nd Temple
by (the)
(prep, n fs)
3ms pronom)
Interlinear Chart
350
This appears to be crossed out by the original scribe and was not included in the translation.
351
See Matthew 5:17-20.
352
binyan in Letter of Aristeas 294.
353
This spelling is found in Onkelos Leviticus 20:2.
354
This spelling is found in Letter of Aristeas 138.
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Cochin Revelation Chapter 13
Pageview Image MS Cochin Oo.1.16.2 Chapter 13
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Revelation 13:1a (Cochin 13:1)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then I stepped
355
onto the sand of the sea.
The Scriptures: And I stood on the sand of the sea.
Aramaic: {12:18} And he stood on the sand of the sea.
:
but/ so/ or I stepped,
trod bow, cock,
past, 3ms)
upon, in, on,
over, by, for, both,
beyond, through
(prep)
(n ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 13:1b (Cochin 13:2)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And I saw a beast
356
come out of the sea,
357
and it had seven heads and ten horns, and on its
, names of slander and mockery.
The Scriptures: 13b And I saw a beast coming up out of the sea, having seven heads and ten horns, and on
his horns ten crowns, and on his heads names of blasphemy.
Aramaic:{13:1} And I saw a beast of prey come up from the sea, having ten horns, and seven heads; and
upon his horns ten diadems, and upon his heads names of blasphemy.
355
356
This word is feminine. So, every verb or adjective that refers to this noun, should be feminine. However, it is masculine all the
way through. It is possible that was considered a masculine word during the second Temple time, and that would mean that there
are no gender mismatches with the verb forms. Could the
357
We see the dragon (i.e. the sea monster) and the first beast coming out of the sea, both have 7 heads and 10 horns, which are the
re the
as described in this
verse?
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past, 1cs)
(card num)
he/it go(es) out,
part, ms)
wrong pronoun
ms)
or to/ for/ belonging
3ms pronom)
wrong pronoun
past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
(card numb)
(n mp)
num)
(n mp)
or upon, on
mp)
(card num)
358
:
mp)
or upon, on
pronom)
sha
(n mp)
(prep)
Root: ,
chorufim,
(mp)/ they, those
who say reproaches,
act part, mp)
Should be:
spelling error
2nd Temple
but/ so/ or(the)
cursings,
blasphemies,
(n mp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 13:2 (Cochin 13:3)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: The beast that I saw was like a horse; its legs and feet like the legs and feet of bears, and its
mouth like the mouth of a lion. And the dragon
359
gave it (the beast) his power and his throne, military
strength
360
and great courage.
361
The Scriptures: And the beast I saw was like a leopard, and his feet were like the feet of a bear, and his
mouth like the mouth of a lion. And the dragon gave him his power, and his throne, and great authority.
358
This form of which means to revile, blaspheme, shame was first used in Midrash Tanchuma Buber, Noach 22:1, c.
150 CE.
359
The first use of this word is in Genesis 1:21 where Jewish Publication Society
12:15 speaks of a "waters like a great sea from its mouth" so there is some association with the sea.
360
Contrast with Revelation 12:10. See Genesius' explanation of this word comparing Judges 8:21 and Isaiah 36:5.
361
The adjective and the noun must match in gender, number, and definiteness. When the adjective does not match the noun, it is
adjective, and I
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Aramaic: And the beast of prey which I saw, was like a leopard; and his feet like [those] of a wolf, and his
mouth like the mouth of lions: and the dragon gave to him his own power and his throne, and great
authority.
but/ so/ or the
she
which/ who/ whom
past 1cs)
past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
(prep, n fs)
so/ or his/its feet,
pronom)
wrong pronoun
n mp constr)
362
(n mp)
2nd Temple
. Allegorically:
temptation
according to
Jastrow
pronom)
wrong pronoun
ms)
ha
(n ms)
a
but/ so/ or the
dragon, serpent, sea
monster, dinosaur,
sea or river monster,
venomous snake,
(n ms)
past, 3ms)
belonging to
pronom)
wrong pronoun
:
et, (DO marker)
strength, power,
might, force,
pronom)
wrong pronoun
so/ or his/its
wrong pronoun
but/ so/ or courage
ge
greater, loud,
(adj fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 13:3 (Cochin 13:4)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: I saw one of its heads resembling a wound leading to death, but the wound was healed. So,
the whole world was astonished by the beast.
The Scriptures: and his deadly wound was healed. And all the earth marvelled after the beast.
Aramaic: And one of his heads was wounded as it were to death; and his deadly wound was healed. And
all the earth wondered after the beast of prey.
362
See Tractate Kallah 5, c. 100 BCE.
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363
past, 1cs)
num)
n mp, 3ms pronom)
wrong pronoun
part, ms)
wrong pronoun
belonging to (the)
(prep, n fs)
(prep)
ms)
364
so/ or (the) stripe,
fs)
Hebrew marker
Note: Mishnaic verb
binyan structure.
nitrapea
past, 3fs)
Mishnaic
k
(ms)/ he/it is
, act part,
ms)
2nd Temple
2nd Temple
:
(pron fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 13:4 (Cochin 13:5)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Those praying to the dragon gave power and dominion to the beast.
365
And those praying
and who is able to battle
366
The Scriptures: And they worshipped the dragon who gave authority to the beast. And they worshipped
Aramaic: And they worshipped the dragon, because he had given authority to this beast of prey, and [they
said], who can make war upon him?
363
364
This word is a Second Temple word used in The Letter of Aristeas, an apocryphal work from c. 280 CE to 80 BCE.
365
Revelation 13 begins with John taking a strong military stance on the sands of the sea. He is prepared for the battle that is about to
begin. Then suddenly the beast (i.e. Satan) comes up out of the sea and is not in the likeness of a leopard, but in the likeness of a
horse with legs and feet of a bear, and the mouth of a lion. Then the beast is allowed to battle with the people of Yehovah but prevail
over all the people of the earth (Revelation 13:7). And everyone who is not marked for Yehovah, are praying to the dragon which
gives power to the beast.
gives it power.
366
The word, The Book of Maccabees 9:30
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367
368
l
but/ so /or (the) we/
you (mp)/ they pray,
, act part,
mp)
dragon, serpent,
whale, sea
ms)
part, ms)
belonging to the
(n ms)
u-
but/ so/ or (the)
government,
dominion, rulership,
(n ms)
(the) we/ you (mp)/
they pray, those
, act part,
mp)
belonging to (the)
dragon, serpent, sea
monster, dinosaur,
sea or river monster,
venomous snake,
(n ms)
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
(inter part)
part, ms)
belonging to this
(prep, fs pron)
(n fs)
(inter part)
369
:
fut, 3ms)
constr)
2nd Temple
(prep, 3ms pronom)
2nd Temple
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 13:5 (Cochin 13:6)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: The beast was permitted to open its mouth to speak words of wonders and cursing until
imprisoned for the time of forty-two months.
The Scriptures: And he was given a mouth speaking great matters and blasphemies, and he was given
authority to do so forty-two months.
Aramaic: And there was given to him a mouth speaking great things, and blasphemies: and authority was
given him to operate forty and two months.
367
368
Contrast with Micah 4:8.
369
The first use is Book of Jubilees 31:2.
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so/ or I/ you (ms)/
he/it give(s),
ms)
belonging to the
n fs)
liftoach, to open, to
unlock, to turn on
constr)
et, (DO marker)
pronom)
wrong pronoun
speak,
constr)
debrei, "words,
things, matters,
(n mp constr)
(fp)/ they, those are
wonderful,
marvelous, strange,
mp)
chiruf,
abuse, reproach,
blasphemous,
added mater lectionis
Judges 5:18
when, as far as,
sh
which/ who/ whom
I/ you (ms)/ he/it is
imprisoned
(rel part, v.
ms)
season, a set time,
ms)
:
but/ so/ or (the)
chodashim,
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 13:6 (Cochin 13:7)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: It opened its mouth to curse against Yehovah, and against those living in the heavens.
The Scriptures: And he opened his mouth in blasphemies against Elohim, to blaspheme His Name, and
His Tent, and those dwelling in the heaven.
Aramaic: And he opened his mouth in blasphemy towards God, to blaspheme his name and his tabernacle,
and them who dwell in heaven.
past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
et, (DO marker)
pronom)
wrong pronoun
,
reproach, taunt,
blaspheme, abuse,
constr)
2nd Temple
Yehovah
(prep)
2nd Temple
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:
you (mp)/ they,
those living,
dwellingv.
mp)
with/ by (the)
mp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 13:7 (Cochin 13:8)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: It was permitted to battle with the holy people but prevail over all the peoples and nations.
The Scriptures: And it was given to him to fight with the set-apart ones and to overcome them. And
authority was given to him over every tribe and tongue and nation.
Aramaic: And authority was given him over every tribe and people and tongue and nation: and it was
given him to wage war with the saints, and to overcome them.
part, ms)
belonging to
pronom)
wrong pronoun
l
inf constr)
ms)
ha
saints, sacred,
v
but/ so/ or to win,
marker, 3mp prep)
:
(n ms)
but/ so/ or the
and/ but/
so/ or (the)
(n mp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 13:8 (Cochin 13:9)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: All those living on the earth prayed to it - all whose names not written in the Scroll of Life
belonging to the slain Lamb, who was from the beginning of the creation of the world.
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The Scriptures: And all those dwelling on the earth, whose names have not been written in the Book of
Life of the slain Lamb, from the foundation of the world shall worship him.
Aramaic: And all that dwell on the earth, whose names are not written in the book of life of the Lamb slain
from the foundation of the world, will worship him.
370
ms, 3mp pron)
you (mp)/ they,
those who live,
mp)
upon
(prep)
mitpallim
(mp)/ they pray,
, act part,
mp)
belonging to
pronom)
wrong pronoun
the following
(prep, 3mp pronom)
2nd Temple
371
(neg part)
ms)
et, (DO marker)
Shem
3mp pronom)
Idiom: fe
,
document,
2nd Temple
372
373
:
(n ms)
ha
killed, slainadj
ms)
(prep, n fs)
2nd Temple
(n fs)
2nd Temple
(n ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 13:9 (Cochin 13:10)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: He who has ears, hear!
The Scriptures: If anyone has an ear, let him hear.
Aramaic: If any one hath ears, let him hear.
370
See the first use of this word in Revelation 4:10.
371
Literally, is
372
The added yod makes this a Second Temple spelling, Tractate Derekh Eretz Zuta, 8:10
373
This is Second Temple spelling in The Book of Jubilees composed from c. 460CE to 140 BCE.
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:
part)
she
which/ who/ whom
there is, there
part)
belonging to
pronom)
fp)
(ms)/ he/it hear(s),
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 13:10 (Cochin 13:11)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: If one drives another into captivity, he will go into captivity, and if one kills a soul by the
sword, he will be killed by the sword.
374
But with the holy ones there is hope and faith!
The Scriptures: He who brings into captivity shall go into captivity, he who kills with the sword has to be
killed with the sword. Here is the endurance and the belief of the set-apart ones.
Aramaic: If [any one] carrieth into captivity, he shall himself go into captivity; and if any one slayeth with
the sword, he must be slain with the sword: here is the patience and the faith of the saints.
if, when, whether,
(prep, conj)
which/ who/ whom
num)
lead, drives (v.
fut, 3ms)
by (the) place of
confinement, prison,
ms)
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
by (the) place of
confinement, prison,
ms)
so/ or by if, when,
whether,
conj)
she
which/ who/ whom
rel part, card
num)
ms)
fs)
echad, one, (card
num)
(the) sword,
n fs)
yiqtol, pssv, fut
3ms)
fs)
:
so/ or with/ in/ by
adv)
exists, (part)
tikvah, hope (n
fs)
and/ so/
(n fs)
ha
Interlinear Chart
374
Jeremiah 15:2.
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Revelation 13:11 (Cochin 13:12)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then I saw another beast who came out of the ground. It had two horns like a lamb, and it
was speaking like the dragon.
The Scriptures: And I saw another beast coming up out of the earth, and he had two horns like a lamb and
spoke like a dragon.
Aramaic: And I saw another beast of prey, which came out of the earth; and he had two horns like those of
a lamb, and he spoke like the dragon.
(n fs)
(adj ms)
he/it went out, went
part, ms)
wrong pronoun
(prep, n fs)
or to/ for/ belonging
3ms pronom)
wrong pronoun
past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
:
num)
karnay
(n fp)
(adv, prep)
belonging to the
prep, n ms)
so/ or I/ you (ms)/
wrong pronoun
(the) dragon,
serpent, sea
monster, dinosaur,
sea or river monster,
venomous snake,
(n ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 13:12 (Cochin 13:13)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: It did great wonders before the first beast. And it made those dwelling on the ground pray
375
to the first beast, whose wounds were healed.
The Scriptures: And he exercises all the authority of the first beast in his presence, and causes the earth
and those who dwell in it to worship the first beast, whose deadly wound was healed.
375
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Aramaic: And before him he exercised all the authority of the first beast of prey, whose deadly wound was
healed.
so/ or he/it did,
past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
(fp)/ they, those are
wonderful,
marvelous, strange,
mp)
(adj, fp)
before the face of,
before me, in front
wrong pronoun
ha
ha
(adj, fs)
or he/ it did,
created, made,
past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
376
shea
that/ which/ who/
whom the
(rel part, n fs)
a
you (mp)/ they,
mp)
over, about,
(prep, 3fs pronom)
mitpallim
(mp)/ they pray,
, act part,
mp)
for/ belonging to the
(adj, fs)
Hebrew marker
Note: Mishnaic verb
binyan structure.
e
which/ who/ whom
(rel part
qatal, pssv past, 3fs)
Mishnaic
:
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 13:13 (Cochin 13:14)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: It made fire fall from the heavens before mankind.
The Scriptures: And he does great signs, so that he even makes fire come down from the heaven on the
earth before men.
Aramaic: And he wrought great signs, even so as to make fire come down from heaven upon the earth,
before men.
376
The is a Mishnaic verb binyan and is found in Midrash Tanchuma Buber.
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:
so/ or he/ it did,
past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
she
which/ who/ whom
3ms)
wrong pronoun
mishamayim,
cp)
before the face of,
before me, in front
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 13:14 (Cochin 13:15)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: It inflamed the children of mankind with signs and wonders. And it told those dwelling on
the earth to make an idol
377
of the beast, whose wounds from the sword were healed.
The Scriptures: And he leads astray those dwelling on the earth because of those signs which he was given
to do before the beast, saying to those dwelling on the earth to make an image to the beast who was
wounded by the sword, yet lived.
Aramaic: And he seduced them that dwell on the earth, to erect an image to the beast of prey who had the
wound from a sword and recovered.
378
so/ or he/it incited,
inflamed, instigated,
qatal, past, 3ms)
2nd Temple
wrong pronoun
ha
constr)
(n mp)
she
who/ whom to/ for/
belonging to
3ms pronom)
wrong pronoun
past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
belonging to/
pronom)
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
upon
(prep)
she
which/ who/ whom
(rel part, v.
3mp)
p
377
(pesel) and means that it was designed to be worshipped. And in Revelation 13:15, the pesel
(idol) of the beast receives a spirit and soul and is able to speak. Therefore, if this is created by man, then this appears to hint of
something similar to a hologram, or tangible hologram that could potentially manifest in every home.
378
Second Temple use in The Midrash of Philo from c. 10 CE to 50 CE.
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:
for/ belonging to the
she
which/ who/ whom
there is, there
(prep, 3fs)
(n fs)
Hebrew marker
Note: Mishnaic verb
binyan structure.
but/ so/ or she/it
Nit, qatal, pssv
past, 3fs)
Mishnaic
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 13:15 (Cochin 13:16)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And it was permitted to give to the idol
379
of the beast a spirit and a soul, so that it would be
able to speak. And whoever did not want to pray
380
to the idol of the beast would be killed.
The Scriptures: And there was given to him to give spirit to the image of the beast, that the image of the
beast should both speak and cause to be killed as many as would not worship the image of the beast.
Aramaic: And it was given him to put life into the image of the beast of prey; and to cause that all they
who would not worship the image of the beast of prey, should be slain:
381
or to/ for/ belonging
3ms pronom)
wrong pronoun
or I/ you (ms)/ he/ it
part, ms)
wrong pronoun
Mishnaic
p
belonging to a
(prep, n ms)
fs)
379
It is important to note that all sculptures were not created as pesels (idols). But if a sculpture is worshipped or prayed to, then it
becomes a pesel (i.e. idol). Consider in Exodus 20 when
Yehovah sent fiery serpents to bite the children of Israel, and many died. When they repented, Moses prayed and Yehovah instructed
Moses to make a bronze serpent on a pole so that when the children of Israel looked upon that bronze serpent, they would be healed.
ing
-5) to that serpent. And, Hezekiah, a righteous man, destroyed the serpent on the pole (for no one should
pray to any object: Exodus 20:4-5, 2 Kings 18:1-, in
John 3:14. It is also interesting to note, that according to Larry Palevsky, MD and Sherri Tenpenny, MD regarding Dr. Bryan
Ardis snake venom theory discusses the possibility of snake venom being added to the Covid-19 vaccine. Video date: June 10, 2022.
Video website: https://t.me/covid_vaccine_injuries/2032. It is also interesting to note that the word (kesef) in Numbers 21 and in
Isiah 47:12 means, ,and the Greek equivalent word is (pharmakeia). This seems to imply that pharmaceutical
companies (having the logo of the serpent on the pole) seem to be a key player in the killing of the people (with their witchcraft)
through pharmaceuticals when they pray to the pharmaceutical companies. See Revelation 18:23 for more details when the great city
(i.e. pharmaceuticals) are no more.
380
See Revelation 4:1 for the first use of this word. This word was crossed out in the Cochin Oo.1.16.2. appears to be an error and
was corrected in the margin.
381
See Revelation 2:17 for more details.
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according to, as, in
which/ who/ whom
he/it shall be
3ms)
constr)
constr)
part)
(neg part)
yiqtol, fut 3ms)
:
lehitpalel,
(v,
, inf constr)
p
belonging to a
(prep, n ms)
a
(prep, n fs)
she
which/ who/ whom
he/it shall be
rel part, v.
3ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 13:16 (Cochin 13:17)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: It made them all - the great and the small, the wealthy and the poor, the slaves and the free
take a sign
382, 383
in his right hand or in their foreheads,
The Scriptures: And he causes all, both small and great, and rich and poor, and free and slave, to be given
a mark upon their right hand or upon their foreheads,
Aramaic: and to cause that all, great and small, rich and poor, bond and free, should receive a mark on
their right hands, or upon their foreheads;
3ms)
belonging to all of
3mp pronom)
rich, wealthy,
but/ so/ or the
mp)
mp)
382
The first use of this word
The Aramaic word is
Arabic ا
َ
مي
ِ
س
383
This was translated as "sign" to depict the difference between it and the tav () mark mentioned in Revelation 7:3. The first
publication found with this word is in the Mishnah
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384
385
386
:
2nd Temple
sign, mark, omen,
(n ms)
(card num)
b' mitzcheihem,
(prep, n ms)
added mater lectionis
Ezekiel 3:8
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 13:17 (Cochin 13:18)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: so that the only one who has the sign in his hands,
387
or forehead, or the name belonging to
the beast, or the number of its name would be able to buy or sell.
The Scriptures: and that no one should be able to buy or sell except he that has the mark or the name of
the beast, or the number of his name.
Aramaic: so that no one might be able to buy or to sell, except those who had the mark of the name of the
beast of prey, or the number of his name.
according to, as, in
(neg part)
fut, 3ms)
ny (in a
neg sentence)
num)
constr)
constr)
(part)
ba, "they, those
come," (v.
Pa'al/Qal, inf constr)
she
which/ who/ whom
there is, there
part)
belonging to
pronom)
symbol, sign, mark,
omen, mnemonic
384
Second Temple use in The War of the Jews by Josephus in Rome in c.73 CE.
385
Yad can mean hand but can include their arm.
386
Refer to Revelation 9:4.
387
The word is singular in the previous verse is plural in this verse while the word is plural in the previous verse
but is singular in this verse.
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(prep, n mp constr)
with/ by his/its
ms)
:
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 13:18 (Cochin 13:19)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Here is wisdom and understanding: Appoint one who understands, to calculate the number of
the beast, for it is a number belonging to a person, for you will discover the sum is six hundred and sixty-
six.
The Scriptures: Here is the wisdom! He who has understanding, let him calculate the number of the beast,
for it is the number of a man, and his number is six hundred and sixty six.
Aramaic: Here is wisdom: let him that hath intelligence, compute the number of the beast of prey; for it is
the number of a man: and its number is six hundred and sixty and six.
adv)
chochma,
with/ by
(prep, n fs)
interog
part)
shim,
imp, 2ms)
/ by
insight,
ms)
ms)
Mishnaic
devise, think, plan,
esteem, calculate,
invent, make a
judgment, imagine,
constr)
clause)
pron)
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(n ms)
(prep)
num)
but/ so/ or you will
fut, 2ms)
(n ms)
wrong pronoun
:
num)
(card num)
but/ so/ or (the)
but/ so/ or (the) six,
(card num)
Interlinear Chart
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Cochin Revelation Chapter 14
Pageview Image MS Cochin Oo.1.16.2 Chapter 14
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Revelation 14:1
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then I saw a lamb standing on Mount Zion, and with him one hundred and forty-four
thousand,
388
on whose foreheads were inscribed the Name of His Father.
The Scriptures: And I looked and saw a Lamb standing on Mount Tsiyon, and with Him one hundred and
forty-
Aramaic: And I looked, and behold, a Lamb stood on mount Zion; and with him the number of a hundred
and forty and four thousand, having his name and the name of his Father written upon their foreheads.
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 1cs)
,
num)
amad
past, 3ms)
upon
(prep)
(n ms)
(name)
389
390
(prep, 3ms pronom)
(card num)
and/ but/
(card num)
(card num)
alaphim,
(card num)
(prep, 3mp pronom)
he/it is written
down, recorded,
(v. Nif'al act part,
ms)
the
(prep)
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
388
This is not Jews only. See Revelation 7:4 for more details on the Tribes of Israel.
389
The scribe used without the added hay throughout this manuscript.
390
This NTanakh books of Esther 3:12, 8:8, 9:32
and Ezra 5:10 for recording something official. Later Second Temple period sources use it more often. Compare to Isaiah 4:3.
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Revelation 14:2
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: I heard a voice
391
from the heavens, like a tumult of many waters, and as the sound of many
voices. The voice that I heard was like the voice of a harp.
The Scriptures: And I heard a voice out of the heaven, like the voice of many waters, and like the voice of
loud thunder, and I heard the sound of harpists playing their harps.
Aramaic: And I heard a sound from heaven, as the sound of many waters, and as the sound of great
thunder; and the sound which I heard, was like that of harpers striking on their harps.
past, 1cs)
num)
mishamayim,
mp)
(the) quaking,
rattling, shaking,
noise, tumult,
n ms)
(n mp)
but/ so/ or like/ as
(prep, n ms)
(adj mp)
but/ so/ or the voice,
which/ who/ whom
past, 1cs)
past, 3ms)
(prep, n ms)
:
violin, harp or lyre,
a man skilled at
(n ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 14:3
Hebrew Transcription
391
Literally, "one voice."
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Translation: They were singing
392
the renewed song before the throne, the four living creatures, and the
elders. No one was able to learn this song but the hundred and forty-four thousand that He redeemed from
the ground.
393
The Scriptures: And they sang a renewed song before the throne, and before the four living creatures, and
the elders. And no one was able to learn that song except the hundred and forty-four thousand who were
redeemed from the earth.
Aramaic: And they sang a new song before the throne, and before the four Animals and the Elders: and no
one was able to learn that song, except the hundred and forty and four thousand who were redeemed from
the earth.
394
395
u
you (mp)/ they,
those singingv.
Hebrew marker
(the) song of (prep,
n ms)
Note: The song is
either new (adj ms)
or renewed (act
part)
before the face of,
before me, in front
(n ms)
(card num)
fp)
396
zke
but/ so/ or the
v' sum
so/ any (in a neg
sentence)
num)
fut, 3ms)
constr)
2nd Temple
(n ms)
wrong pronoun
(part)
iIlu, these, those,
(prep, 3mp pronom)
2nd Temple
(card num)
(card num)
(card num)
(card num)
which/ who/ whom
(rel part, v.
past 3ms)
2nd Temple
392
The (root: According to
See Revelation 5:9 for more details.
393
It appears the 144,000 are both men, women, and possibly children from the past and present as some will be raised from the dead
(i.e. the ground) and those living will be changed at twinkling of an eye1 Corinthians 15:52. Also see footnote for
Revelation 7:3 for more details.
394
This can be men, women or possibly children and is considered a common plural pronoun (both masculine and feminine). See
Revelation 7:4 for more details on the male and female servants of Yehovah.
395
It is difficult to reconcile what the Cochin scribe wrote for the first consonant. It appears that he intended to write either a kaf or
a bet . It is more logical for it to be a bet prefix the
396
See Revelation 1:4 for more details.
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:
adama,
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 14:4
:
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: These are those
397
who did not sin with women
398
and are like virgins
399
who go after the
Lamb and were redeemed for the firstborn of Yehovah and the Lamb.
The Scriptures: They are those who were not defiled with women, for they are maidens. They are those
following the Lamb wherever He leads them on. They were redeemed from among men, being first-fruits
to Elohim and to the Lamb.
Aramaic: These are they who have not defiled themselves with women, for they are virgins. These are they
who followed the Lamb, whithersoever he went. These have been redeemed by Jesus from among men, the
first fruits to God and the Lamb.
so/ or these, those,
(3mp pronom)
2nd Temple
pronom)
(neg part)
past 3mp)
by/ with (the)
fp)
3mp)
but/ so/ or we/you
(mp)/ they (m),
mp)
(prep)
(n ms)
but/ so/ or they,
these, those
pronom)
(mp)/ they are
(v. Nif'al, act part
part, mp)
belonging to (the)
first-
n mp)
Yehovah
397
This word can be both men and women (i.e. common pronoun). Third common plural or masculine plural pronoun. In other
words, this can be both men, women, and possibly children chosen to be one of the 144,000.
398
Can mean Isaiah 1:21; Jeremiah 2:2; 3:7-11; Ezekiel 16; Nahum 3:1-4; Hosea 1:3, 4:15; 5:5; Lamentations 1:1
and Matthew 12:39.
399
The kaf ( ) not virgins, but they are like virgins
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:
so/ or the l
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 14:5
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: In their spirit is no deceit, for they are blameless before the throne of Yehovah.
The Scriptures: And in their mouth was found no falsehood, for they are blameless before the throne of
Elohim.
Aramaic: And in their mouth was found, no falsehood; for they are without faults.
400
(neg part)
with/ by their
3mp pronom)
2nd Temple
deception, deceit,
(3mp pronom)
nikiyiim,
before the face of,
before me, in front
thronen ms)
:
Yehovah
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 14:6
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then I saw a messenger hovering in the midst of the heavens, and he had a powerful notice
401
to announce to the inhabitants on the earth, the peoples and the nations.
The Scriptures: And I saw another messenger flying in mid-heaven, holding the everlasting Good News to
announce to those dwelling on the earth, even to every nation and tribe and tongue and people,
400
See this word and spelling in The War of the Jews 2:8.
401
This idiom also means,
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Aramaic: And I saw another angel flying in heaven: and with blood, he had the everlasting gospel, to
proclaim to dwellers on the earth, and to every nation and tribe and tongue and people;
402
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 1cs)
mal
num)
qatal, past, 3ms)
by (the) middle,
2nd Temple
/or to/ for/
belonging to
pronom)
403
404
past, 3ms)
num)
on, "power,
strength, vigor,"
(adj ms)
gilayon,
tablet, sheet, roll
(n ms)
Le
(v Hifil, inf constr)
l
belonging to these,
(prep, 3mp pronom)
2nd Temple
2nd Temple
(prep)
:
v
so/ or to/ for/
belonging to (the)
mp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 14:7
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: comes. Pray
to Him who created the heavens, the earth, the sea, and the wellsprings.
The Scriptures:
judgment has come. And worship Him who made the heaven and the earth, and sea, and fountains of
402
This word, (richef) is a rare word not found in any Sefaria.or source until Machberet Menachem, Letter Resh, Introduction 2
of about c. 950 CE. However, a form of it is in Genesis 1:2 when Elohim brooded/ swept/ hovered over the face of the water.
403
The final nun Manchester Gaster 1616 scribe, who copied
from the Cochin manuscript,
(evangelion).
404
For an exact match of this spelling see The Book of Maccabees II 12:3.
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Aramaic: saying with a loud voice, Worship God, and give glory to him; because the hour of his judgment
is come; and adore ye Him, who made heaven and earth, and the sea, and the fountains of water.
past, 3ms)
n ms)
2mp)
Yehovah
or you shall do,
imp, 2mp)
(mp) prayer
2mp pronom)
belonging to
pronom)
clause)
judgment, the
law/the sentence,
verdict
2nd Temple
ba, I/ you (ms)/
ms)
so/ or you shall do,
2mp)
fs)
:
(prep, ms)
which/ who/ whom
qatal, past, 3ms)
but/ so/ or the
(n ms)
but/ so/ or the wells,
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 14:8
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
405
Because she
406
The Scripturesel is fallen, is fallen, that great city,
Aramaic: And another, a second angel followed him, saying: Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great, which
made all nations drink of the wine of the rage of her whoredom.
405
Isaiah 21:9.
406
Although the verb is masculine singular, the word it is associated with is feminine, so this is a gender mismatch and the pronoun
"he/it" /it
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ha' k
I/ you (ms)/
ms)
(adj ms)
so/ or he/it shouted,
past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
past 3fs)
past, 3fs)
Babel (name)
fs)
clause)
hi
pron)
past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
(n ms)
prostitution,
whoredom,
(prep, n ms)
Ha
mp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 14:9
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
The Scriptures
beast and his image, and receives his mark upon his forehead or upon his hand,
Aramaic: And another, a third angel followed them, saying with a loud voice: If any man shall worship the
beast of prey and its image, and shall receive its mark upon his forehead or on his hand,
ms)
ms)
past, 3ms)
n ms)
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407
(adj ms)
if, when, whether,
(prep, conj)
she
which/ who/ whom
fut, 3ms)
pronom)
belonging to the
(prep, n ms)
2nd Temple
but/ so/ or to/ for/
belonging to the
408
:
so/ or he/it will
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
symbol, sign, mark,
omen, mnemonic
(prep)
(n ms, 3ms pronom)
o, or (conj)
(prep)
3ms pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 14:10
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: “then
409
And he
will be punished with fire and brimstone in the presence of His holy messengers
The Scriptures: he also shall drink of the wine of the wrath of Elohim, which is poured out undiluted into
the cup of His wrath. And he shall be tortured with fire and sulphur before the set-apart messengers and
before the Lamb.
Aramaic: he also shall drink of the wine of the wrath of God, which is poured undiluted into the cup of his
indignation, and shall be tormented with fire and sulphur, before the holy angels, and before the throne.
,
ms)
fut, 3ms)
from/ of,
ms)
(prep)
fierceness, wrath,
fury (n ms)
Yehovah
there is, there
407
See Mishnah Chullin 2:4 for a spelling match.
408
See first occurrence of this word in Revelation 13:17.
409
See Jeremiah 25:15-17.
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(prep, n fs)
(n ms)
3ms)
(prep, n fs)
and/ but/
so/ or (the) sulfur,
before the face of,
before me, in front
:
Idiom: His holy messengers
ms, 3mp pronom)
mp)
2nd Temple
or/ so the l
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 14:11
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: So, the smoke from their punishment will ascend forever. There will be no rest day or night
for those who took the sign and prayed to the idol.
The Scriptures
Aramaic: And the smoke of their torment ascendeth up for ever and ever; and there is no rest, by day or by
night, to those that worship the beast of prey and its image.
but/ so/ or the
(the) penalty,
punishment (prep, n
ms)
shelahem,
themprep, 3mp
pronom)
will,
go
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
Idiom for "forever"
part)
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
pronom)
fs)
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410
:
but considering,
these, the
pronom)
she
which/ who/ whom
(rel part, v.
past, 3mp)
symbol, sign, mark,
omen, mnemonic
u
but/ so/ or we/ you
(mp)/ they, those
, act part,
ms)
l'
belonging to (the)
n ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 14:12
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: In this there is hope for the holy ones who do the commandments of Yehovah and believe in
Yeshua.
The Scriptures: Here is the endurance of the set-apart ones, here are those guarding the commands of
Elohim and the belief of .
Aramaic: Here is the patience of the saints, who keep the commandments of God, and the faith of Jesus.
adv)
part)
(n mp)
so/ or in/ with/ by
part)
(mp)/ they, those
(v.
mp)
:
commandments,
Yehovah
but/ so/ or we/ you
(mp)/ they, those
name)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 14:13
Hebrew Transcription
410
See first occurrence of this word in Revelation 13:16.
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Translation:
holy ones, they - the dead due to the sanctification of the Name
411
- (and truly the Spirit said) they live by
their works, because their works
The Scriptures
Aramaic: And I heard a voice from heaven, saying: Write, Blessed are the dead that die in the Lord,
henceforth: yes, saith the Spirit, that they may rest from their toils; for their deeds do accompany them.
412
past, 1cs)
Idiom:
ms)
Mishnaic
(prep, n mp)
past, 3ms)
(prep, 1cs pronom)
2ms)
413
414
kdo
hethey, these, those, pronom)
upon
Idiom: Sanctification of the Name
2nd Temple
(prep, adv)
2nd Temple
415
so/ or truth,
(n fs)
Literally: she who the Spirit
pron)
she
s
past, 3ms)
shei
(rel part, pron 3mp)
2nd Temple
deeds, works
(prep, n ms, 3ms
pronom)
:
clause)
deeds, works
(prep, n ms, 3mp
pronom)
(mp)/ they, those
part, mp)
(prep 3mp pronom)
Interlinear Chart
411
Found first in Sefer HaKana 2:1 about c. 100 AD.
412
This phrase, (bat kol) started to be used as the Divine Voice or small voice of God from 100 BC through the Talmudic
period of Jewish thought (see Tractate Kallah Rabbati 8:2). See Revelation 10:4.
413
, (hema kodashim) is phrased exactly the same way in Abarbanel on Ezekiel 37:11:1 composed in
Venice (c.1502 1508 CE).
414
This exact spelling is found in The Midrash of Philo 15:10.
415
This word, (shema) as a word is not found until The Wisdom of Solomon 11:15 Composed: Alexandria (c.130 BCE to
70 CE).
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Revelation 14:14
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: I saw one sitting on a white cloud who had the appearance of a man,
416
and on his head was a
crown of gold, and in his hand was a sickle.
The Scriptures: And I looked and saw a white cloud, and sitting on the cloud was One like the Son of
Aam, having on His head a golden crown, and in His hand a sharp sickle.
Aramaic: And I looked, and lo, a white cloud; and upon the cloud sat one who was like the Son of man;
and on his head was a crown of gold, and in his hand a sharp sickle.
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 1cs)
ms)
num)
ms)
so/ or on, upon,
over he/itprep
3ms pronom)
past, 3ms)
num)
fs)
pronom)
ms)
ms)
by/ with his/its
3ms pronom)
:
num)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 14:15
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And another messenger came from the house of prayer
417
and cried in a loud voice to the one
416
See Ezekiel 1:5.
417
See Revelation 11:19.
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The Scriptures: And another messenger came out of the Dwelling Place, crying with a loud voice to the
Aramaic: And another angel came out of the temple, crying with a loud voice, to him that sat on the cloud.
418
so/ or (the) angel,
(adj ms)
past, 3ms)
prep,
n ms)
added mater lectionis
so/ or he/it shouted,
past, 3ms)
(prep, n ms)
great, big,
(pron, ms)
which/ who/ whom
past, 3ms)
(prep)
ms)
(prep, 2ms pronom)
֞ה
:
ktzorto a man)
2ms)
clause)
(n fs)
ms, Ar. 3ms
pronom)
Aramaism
ba/ you (ms)/
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 14:16
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: So, he who sat on the cloud struck with his sickle and he harvested.
The Scriptures: And the One sitting on the cloud thrust in His sickle on the earth, and the earth was
reaped.
Aramaic: And he thrust his sickle over the earth; and the earth was reaped.
418
See Maccabees I 7:37, dating c.145CE to 125CE, for the first occurrence of this phrase.
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(pron, ms)
she
which/ who/ whom
qatal,
past, 3ms)
upon
(prep)
3ms 3ms)
with/ by (the)
who/ whom belongs
3ms pronom)
:
so/ or he/it
past, 3ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 14:17
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Another messenger went to the heavens, and in his hand was a snare.
419
The Scriptures: And another messenger came out of the Dwelling Place which is in the heaven, and he too
held a sharp sickle.
Aramaic: And another angel came out of the temple that is in heaven, having also a sharp sickle.
so/ or (the) angel,
(adj ms)
past, 3ms)
for/ belonging to
(the) skies,
with/ by his/its
past, 3ms)
ma
cycle,
entrenchment, track,
420
num)
Idiom: The golden calf representing the sin
of the Northern Kingdom
na bo ravim: Please come Rome
The inserted marginal note says, "Please come Romans." It appears
to be in a different hand from other marginal notes and from the
original scribe. This could be simply a note by someone who owned
the manuscript and made a comment. It is not included in the
translation.
Interlinear Chart
419
The word literally means, a circle but is used figuratively as a snare since a snare is a circle of rope or line. See
Brown Driver Briggs (BDB) definition.
420
In the Talmud and the Mishah the phrase is used to refer to the golden calf. See Talmud Sanhedrin 102:15:1.
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Revelation 14:18
:
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Another messenger came out from the altar having authority over fire and cried out with a
loud voice to the one who had the sickle, saying, "Strike with your sickle and reap the grapes of the land,
for its fruit are ripe."
421
And the messenger harvested with his sickle the grapes of the land and threw them
into the great winepress of the wrath of Yehovah.
The Scriptures: And another messenger came out from the slaughter-place, having authority over the fire,
Aramaic: And another angel came out from the altar, having authority over fire. And he cried with a loud
voice, to him who had the sharp sickle, saying: Thrust in thy sickle which is sharp, and gather the clusters
of the vineyard of the earth, because the grapes of the earth are ripe.
so/ or (the) angel,
(adj ms)
ms)
(prep, n ms)
or to/ for/ belonging
(prep, 3ms pronom)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
memshalah,
(prep)
ha
fs)
so/ or he/it
past, 3ms)
n ms)
(prep, ms)
which/ who/ whom
past 3ms)
or to/ for/ belonging
3ms pronom)
past, 3ms)
strike, beat, scourge,
imp, 2ms)
(prep, n ms)
(prep, 2ms pronom)
and/ but/
so/ or (to a man)
2ms)
421
There is a sof passuq indicating the end of a sentence or phrase.
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422
et, DO Marker
anvi (n mp constr)
(n fs)
clause)
(n mp, 3fs pronom)
Hebrew marker
Note: Mishnaic verb
binyan structure.
past, 3ms)
Mishnaic
so/ or to he/it will
fut, 3ms)
(n ms)
n ms)
she
who/ whom to/ for/
belonging to
(rel part, 3ms
pronom)
so/ or he/it
past, 3ms)
et, (DO marker)
the grapes
(n fs)
423
:
past, 3ms)
by (the) winepress,
ms)
(adj ms)
fierceness, wrath,
fury, angern ms)
2nd Temple
Yehovah
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 14:19-20 (Cochin 14:19)
NOTE: Verses 19 and 20 are combined into one verse in the manuscripts, and verse 20 does not exist in the
Cochin Hebrew manuscript.
424
:
Hebrew Transcription
Translation #1: And the winepress was outside the city, and the blood of the winepress rose to the bridles
of the horses through one thousand six hundred field graves.
Translation #2: And the winepress was outside the city, and the blood of the winepress rose to the bridles
of the horses trampling one thousand six hundred field graves.
422
The word means, If the scribe transposed (or reversed the order of) the first two letters, this
423
For this exact spelling see Book of Jubilees 24:41.
424
The last two words are crossed out in the manuscript. However, the writing indicates that the strikethrough was probably done by
a different scribe, so the original words was kept in the translation.
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The Scriptures: (19) And the messenger thrust his sickle into the earth and gathered the vine of the earth,
and threw it into the great winepress of the wrath of Elohim. 20 And the winepress was trodden outside the
city, and blood came out of the winepress, up to the bridles of the horses, for about one thousand six
hundred stadia
Aramaic: (19) And the angel thrust in his sickle on the earth, and gathered the vintage of the earth, and cast
[it] into the wine-press of the wrath of the great God. 20 And the wine-press was trodden, up to the horses'
bridles, for a thousand and six hundred furlongs.
aand/
but/ so/ or the
(n ms)
past, 3ms)
(the) outside,
belonging (the)
but/ or/ so (the)
(prep, n ms)
past, 3ms)
(prep)
(prep)
because of, by,
(adv) or
ms)
(card num)
(card num)
:
(card num)
(n mp constr)
Interlinear Chart
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Cochin Revelation Chapter 15
Pageview Image MS Cochin Oo.1.16.2 Chapter 15
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Revelation 15:1
425
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then I saw miracles and great wonders in the heavens: seven messengers came, and they had
the seven last plagues. In them is the total wrath of the anger of Yehovah!
The Scriptures: And I saw another sign in the heaven, great and marvellous: seven messengers having the
seven last plagues, for the wrath of Elohim was ended in them.
Aramaic: And I saw another prodigy in heaven, great and wonderful; seven angels, having seven plagues,
the last in order, because with them the wrath of God is consummated.
426
1cs)
added mater lectionis
fp)
with/ by (the)
mp)
clause)
(card numb)
mal
(mp)/ they come,
act part, mp)
so/ or to/ for/
(prep, 3mp pronom)
it was
past, 3ms)
hashivthe
(card num)
plagues, diseases,
marks, plague spots,
marks
(n mp)
adj, mp)
427
:
clause)
3mp pronom)
la
whole, totality,
n ms, 3fs pronom)
ms)
name)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 15:2
Hebrew Transcription
425
The scribe changed a letter and overwrote the first letter.
426
The phrase, literally means, is frequently used in Second Temple times.
See these two words together starting in The Book of Tobit 13:2 dating between c. 174 BCE to 225 CE.
427
See Ezekiel 36:5.
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Translation: I saw something like a sea of glass
428
mixed with fire. And which those who overcame the
beast, and its idol were standing by the sea of glass, and they had lyres of Yehovah.
The Scriptures: And I saw like a sea of glass mixed with fire, and those overcoming the beast and his
image and his mark and the number of his name, standing on the sea of glass, holding harps of Elohim.
Aramaic: And I saw as it were, a sea of glass mixed with fire: and they, who had been victorious over the
beast of prey, and over its image, and over the number of its name, were standing on the sea of glass; and
they had the harps of God.
429
/ but/
past, 1cs)
(adv, prep)
flask, vial, jar,
2nd Temple
past, 3ms)
fs)
430
431
or which, some,
3ms)
she
which/ who/ whom
past, 3mp)
2nd Temple
chaya, the
uand/ but/
so/ or (the) idol,
she
who/ whom to/ for/
belonging to
pronom)
wrong pronoun
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
432
:
possession of, near,
ms)
(n ms)
2nd Temple
so/ or to/ for/
(prep, 3mp pronom)
it was
3ms)
Yehovah
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 15:3
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: They sang
433
works of
Yehovah, Elohim of Armies!
434
428
If a saucer or bowl (tzlochit)
also has the meaning of a flask with a large belly at the bottom.
429
This spelling is found first in Megillat Antiochus 69 c.100 BCE to c. 700 CE.
430
This exact spelling is found in The War of the Jews, Preface 3.
431
There is ample debate regarding how to grammatically gender the word (ha
genders it male, but the word is feminine.
432
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The Scriptures: And they sing the song of Mosheh the servant of Elohim, and the song of the Lamb,
Sovereign of the set-apart ones!
Aramaic: And they sing the song of Moses the servant of God, and the song of the Lamb, saying: Great
and marvellous are thy deeds, Lord God Almighty; just and true are thy ways, O King of worlds.
435
436
and/
but/ so/ or we/ you
(mp)/ they, those
act part, mp)
Hebrew marker
(name)
a
but/ so/ or the
(n ms)
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
437
(adj ms)
num mismatch
Yehovah
const)
ha
mp)
(n fs)
438
(n fp, 2ms pronom)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 15:4
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
439
are holy! People
433
The (root: ) means song, might and plucking: Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament (HALOT). According to
some kohanim (p See Revelation 5:9.
434
The first occurrence is seen in Hosea 12:6.
435
See The War of the Jews 2:16:4.
436
Literally, TTzafnat Pa'neach on Torah c. 1905 - 1935.
437
Yehovah, Elohim of Armies (or Hosts). This phrase is found in First Temple Minor Prophets Hosea 12:6 and Amos
3:13, 6:14.
438
King of Kings. This phrase is found in Ezra 7:12 and Daniel 2:37.
439
See Genesis 43:32 for translation of the word (levado), "alone."
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The Scriptures, and esteem Your Name? Because You alone are kind.
Because all nations shall come and worship before You, for Your righteousnesses have been made
Aramaic: Who shall not fear thee, O Lord, and glorify thy name? Because thou only art holy and just:
Because all nations shall come and worship before thee, since thy righteousnesses have been revealed.
440
interog
part)
part)
yire, he/it will
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
you, before your
pronom)
and/ but/
so/ or to give,
Mishnaic
shev
(n ms)
l
for/ belonging to
n ms, 2ms pronom)
clause)
2ms
pron)
(adv, 3ms pronom)
ms)
clause)
mp)
441
:
fut, 3mp)
but/ so/ or they shall
,
yiqtol, fut, 3mp)
you, before your
pronom)
clause)
2ms pronom)
discovered,
past 3ms)
2nd Temple
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 15:5
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And after this, I saw that the Ark of the Covenant in the heavens opened.
The Scriptures: And after this I looked and saw the Dwelling Place of the Tent of Witness in the heaven
was opened.
Aramaic: And after this I beheld, and the temple of the tabernacle of the testimony in heaven, was opened.
440
See Revelation 2:17 for more details.
441
This spelling found first in The Midrash of Philo 2:5:7
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442
443
:
Idiom: "after this way"
2nd Temple
past, 1cs)
she
which/ who/ whom
I/ you (ms)/ he/it
ms)
with/ by (the)
mp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 15:6
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then the seven messengers having the seven plagues went out, clothed in white garments,
belts of gold on their waist.
The Scriptures: And out of the Dwelling Place came the seven messengers having the seven plagues,
dressed in clean bright linen, and having their chests girded with golden bands.
Aramaic: And the seven angels who had the seven plagues, went forth from the temple, clothed in clean
splendid linen, and girded about their breast with girdles of gold.
so/ or I/ you (ms)/
ms)
belonging to (the)
outside, out, (prep,
n ms)
hashivthe
(card numb)
messengern mp)
she
which/ who/ whom
past, 3ms)
(prep, 3mp pronom)
hashivthe
(card numb)
444
445
plagues, diseases,
marks, plague spots,
marks
(n mp)
so/ or (the)
with/ by of/ from
(prep, n mp)
(prep, adj mp)
2nd Temple
(n mp)
ms)
442
See Revelation 1:19 for more information on this Second Temple idiom.
443
See Revelation 11:19 for more details.
444
It appears the scribe erroneously eliminated the final mem.
445
For this spelling see The Midrash of Philo 8:21:4
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:
upon
(prep)
n mp 3mp pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 15:7
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And one of the four living creatures gave the seven messengers seven bowls of gold filled
with the wrath of Yehovah, who lives everlasting to everlasting.
The Scriptures: And one of the four living creatures gave to the seven messengers seven golden bowls
filled with the wrath of Elohim who lives forever and ever.
Aramaic: And one of the four Animals gave to those seven angels seven cups of gold, full of the wrath of
God who liveth for ever and ever.
num)
card num)
(n fp)
past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
belonging to the
num)
malachim,
(card numb)
,
(prep, n fp)
ms)
mp)
by (the) wrath
(prep, n ms)
Yehovah
(adj ms)
:
n ms)
(n ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 15:8
Hebrew Transcription
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Translation: Then the house of prayer was filled with smoke, and the glory of Yehovah filled the
tabernacle. Thus no one was permitted inside until the seven messengers completed the seven plagues.
The Scriptures: And the Dwelling Place was filled with smoke from the esteem of Elohim and from His
power, and no one was able to enter the Dwelling Place until the seven plagues of the seven messengers
were ended.
Aramaic: And the temple was filled with smoke, from the glory of God and from his power; and no one
was able to enter the temple, until the seven plagues of the seven angels were accomplished.
446
(n ms)
(n fs)
Hebrew marker
Note: Mishnaic verb
binyan structure.
nitmaleashe/it
past, 3fs)
Mishnaic
with by (the)
ms)
(n ms)
Yehovah
past, 3ms)
447
448
449
et, (DO marker)
ha
dwelling place,
so/ or any (in a neg
sentence)
num)
3ms)
inf)
Mishnaic
(prep, n ms)
:
(prep)
shek
which/ who/ whom
I/ you (ms)/ he/it is
part, 3ms)
hashiv
(card numb)
plagues, diseases,
marks, plague spots,
marks
(n mp)
shiv
(prep, card num)
malachim,
Interlinear Chart
446
Literally, House of Prayer,
447
The literal meaning of mishkan (Tabernacle where the Ark of
the Covenant resided. For example, see Exodus chapter 25.
448
In Deuteronomy 17:15, this word is used in a negative sense as an infinitive absolute.
449
See Revelation 9:20 for more details on this unique spelled word.
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Cochin Revelation Chapter 16
Pageview Image MS Cochin Oo.1.16.2 Chapter 16
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Revelation 16:1
450
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
out the bowls of the wrath of Yehovah up
The Scriptures
Aramaic: And I heard a voice, which said to the seven angels: Go forth, and pour those seven cups of the
wrath of God upon the earth.
451
past, 1cs)
(n ms)
(card num)
(n ms)
2nd Temple
(n fs)
2nd Temple
so/ or afterprep)
belonging to (the)
num)
452
malachim,
le
2mp)
yitzku, (to a man)
pour out! (v.
2mp)
added mater lectionis
of/ the bowls,
(prep, n fp)
upon
(prep)
:
Yehovah
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 16:2
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: So, the first one poured out his bowl upon the ground and a skin disease
453
broke out on
anyone who had the sign of the beast and was praying to its idol.
450
The word (yizku) is crossed out by an unknown scribe who wrote above the cross-
out. Therefore, for this reason, the crossed-out word is included in this translation.
451
See Revelation 14:15 for more details.
452
The added alef of causes this word to be obscure. This is the first instance of the author adding an alef for pronunciation
reasons in the category of mater lectiones.
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The Scriptures: And the first went and poured out his bowl upon the earth, and an evil and wicked sore
came upon the men, those having the mark of the beast and those worshipping his image.
Aramaic: And the first went, and poured his cup upon the earth; and there was a malignant and painful
ulcer upon those men who had the mark of the beast of prey, and who worshipped its image.
(ord numb)
hala
past, 3ms)
so /or he/it poured
qatal, past, 3ms)
et, (DO marker)
pronom)
upon
(prep)
ground
454
past 3ms)
belonging to a boil,
eruption, skin
(prep, n ms)
qatal, past, 3ms)
pon, in, on,
over, by
(prep)
mankind, (n ms)
shethat/
which/ who/ whom
(rel part, v.
past, 3ms)
(prep, 3mp pronom)
455
456
457
:
ms)
n fs)
vmitpal
but/ so /or (the) we/
you (mp)/ they pray,
, act part, mp)
belonging to
(the) statute,
(prep, n ms)
she
belonging to him/it,
(prep, 3ms pronom)
wrong pronoun
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 16:3
458
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And the second messenger poured his bowl into the sea, and it became blood like from one
dying. And everything in the sea died.
The Scriptures: And the second messenger poured out his bowl on the sea, and it became blood, as of a
dead one, and every living creature in the sea died.
453
This word could refer to several different skin conditions and diseases. The symptoms described in the Torah are unrecognized by
physicians today. This is most likely a condition that once existed and will return in the final days.
454
See Exodus 9:9.
455
See Revelation 13:17 for more details on this unique word.
456
457
feminine, and the pronoun should match the gender of the beast.
458
There are two marks above this word that appear to refer to the marginal note on the right (circled in red). The marginal note is
not included in the translation.
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Aramaic: And the second angel poured his cup upon the sea; and it became blood, like that of a dead
person; and every living soul of things in the sea, died.
459
so/ or he/it poured
qatal, past, 3ms)
ha
(n ms)
et, (DO marker)
3ms pronom )
ms)
so/ or he/it
past, 3ms)
:
ms)
(adv, prep)
(the) I/ you (ms)/
part, ms)
n ms)
(mp)/ they, those
act part, fp)
wrong pronoun
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 16:4
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then the third poured his bowl into the wells of water, and it became blood.
The Scriptures: And the third messenger poured out his bowl on the rivers and fountains of water, and
they became blood.
Aramaic: And the third angel poured his cup upon the rivers and the fountains of water; and they became
blood.
shel
but/ so / or (the)
third (ord num)
past, 3ms)
et, (DO marker)
pronom)
by (the) wells,
fp)
(n mp)
past, 3ms)
:
ms)
Interlinear Chart
459
An unusual form of (not found in any Biblical texts, except in this verse. The root () has the meaning of
concave.
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Revelation 16:5
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
The Scriptures, the One who
is and who was and who shall be, because You have judged these.
Aramaic: And I heard the angel of the waters say: Righteous art thou, who art and who wast, and art holy;
because thou hast done this judgment.
past, 3ms)
whom the angel,
ms)
Yehovah
past, 3ms)
2nd Temple
but/ so/ or I/ you
ms)
:
and/
but/ so/ or (the)
ms)
pron)
which/ who/ whom
(rel part, v.
past, 2fs)
3fs)
sentence,
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 16:6
Hebrew Transcription
Translation #1: Because they spilled the blood of the holy ones and the prophets like water. And you
Translation #2: Because they spilled the blood of the holy ones and the prophets. And you gave them
The Scriptures-apart ones and prophets, and You have given
Aramaic: For they have shed the blood of saints and prophets; and thou hast given them blood to drink, for
they deserve it.
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clause)
pronom)
(mp)/ they, spill,
ms)
holy ones, saints,
set-
mp)
but/ so/ or (the)
water(s)prep, n
mp)
pronom)
qatal past, 2ms)
(prep, 3mp pronom)
ms)
constr)
clause)
pronom)
:
(adj mp)
for/ belonging to
3ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 16:7
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then I heard another messenger inside the holy place
The Scriptures: And I heard another out of the slaughter-
Aramaic: And I heard [one from] the altar say: Yes, Lord God Almighty: true and righteous is thy
judgment.
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 1cs)
(adj ms)
which/ who/ whom
3ms)
inside, center,
midstn ms)
holy
place
(adv)
:
(n mp constr)
mp)
(n mp, 2ms pronom)
righteousnessn
ms)
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
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Revelation 16:8
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then the fourth poured his bowl into the sun, giving it authority to cause heat on mankind.
The Scriptures: And the fourth messenger poured out his bowl on the sun, and it was given to
him to burn men with fire.
Aramaic: And the fourth poured his cup upon the sun: and it was permitted him, to scorch men
with fire.
but/ so/ or the
yatzak, /it
past, 3ms)
et, (DO marker)
pronom)
(prep, n fs)
or belonging to
pronom)
he/it give(s),
part ms)
:
l
make, to create, to
constr)
ms)
lto/ for/
belonging to (the)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 16:9
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: So, it became very hot for mankind, and Yehovah cursed them with plagues, but they did not
repent nor give Him honor.
The Scriptures: And men were burned with great heat, and they blasphemed the Name of Elohim who
possesses authority over these plagues. And they did not repent, to give Him esteem.
Aramaic: And men were scorched with great heat; and men blasphemed the name of God, who hath
authority over these plagues; and they repented not, to give glory to him.
so/ or he/it was,
past, 3ms)
ms)
(prep, n ms)
but/ so /or they were
qatal, pssv past,
3mp)
belonging to
Yehovah (prep,
name)
sake of, according
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460
strokes, plagues,
diseases, marks,
plague spots, marks
halalu, "these,
those" (3mp pron)
belonging to
Yehovah (prep,
name)
2nd Temple
Mishnaic
:
belonging to
pronom)
(n ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 16:10
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then the fifth poured out his bowl on the throne of the beast and concealed it. So, they
gnawed their tongues in the face of despair.
The Scriptures: And the fifth messenger poured out his bowl on the throne of the beast, and his reign
became darkened. And they gnawed their tongues from pain.
Aramaic: And the fifth poured his cup on the throne of the beast of prey; and his kingdom became
darkness; and they gnawed their tongues, from pain;
chamishi,
past, 3ms)
et, DO pointer
pronom)
upon
(prep)
460
This is a unique spelling, see Revelation 2:17 for more details.
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choshech,
he/it, was made
dark, caused to be
dark
was hidden, was
concealed
to obscure, confuse
(fig.)
pssv past, 3ms)
marker, 3ms
pronom)
ve' h
but/ so/ or they,
these,
pronom)
(mp)/ they bite(s)
mp)
mp, 3mp pronom)
away, from before,
:
pain, ache, grief,
(prep, n ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 16:11
Translation: (This verse does not exist in the Cochin Oo.1.16.2 manuscript)
The Scriptures: And they blasphemed the Elohim of the heaven for their pains and their sores, and did not
repent of their works.
Aramaic: and they blasphemed the God of heaven, on account of their pains and their ulcers, and did not
repent of their deeds.
Revelation 16:12 (Cochin 16:11
461
)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then the sixth poured out his bowl on the Euphrates River. So, the river dried up and became
a ruin for the kings
462
of the East.
The Scriptures: And the sixth messenger poured out his bowl on the great river Euphrates, and its water
was dried up, in order to prepare the way of the sovereigns from the east.
461
The scribe numbers this verse as, "10" but See graphic following the interlinear.
462
In ancient times (melachim) meant rulers, or heads of tribes and over time it became kings.
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Aramaic: And the sixth poured his cup upon the great river Euphrates; and its waters dried up, so that a
way might be prepared for the kings from the rising of the sun.
but/ so/ or the
past, 3ms)
et, DO pointer
pronom)
upon
(prep)
(n ms)
efrates
Note: transliterated
from Greek
past, 3ms)
et, (DO marker)
hanaharthe
according to, as, in
constr)
fs)
hamelach
for/ belonging to
prep,
n mp)
:
she
which/ who/ they,
those, these,
(rel part, 3mp
pronom)
ms)
,
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 16:13 (Cochin 16:12)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then I saw three unclean creeping things, like frogs, coming out of the mouths of the dragon,
the beast, and the false prophet.
The Scriptures: And I saw coming out of the mouth of the dragon, and out of the mouth of the beast, and
out of the mouth of the false prophet, three unclean spirits, as frogs,
Aramaic: And I saw [issuing] from the mouth of the dragon, and from the mouth of the beast of prey, and
from the mouth of the false prophet, three unclean spirits like frogs:
past, 1cs)
shech
which/ who/ whom
(rel part, v.
past, 3ms)
1cs pronom)
dragon, serpent, sea
monster, dinosaur,
sea or river monster,
venomous snake,
(n ms)
so/ or from/ of/ (the)
ms)
so/ or from his/its
pronom)
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:
(n ms)
(card num)
sheretzim,
(n mp)
2nd Temple
(n fp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 16:14 (Cochin 16:13)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: For these are the same spirits of Satan doing wonders and signs, who are going to the kings
of the earth, and to all the world to gather them for the battle on the day of the Almighty Yehovah.
The Scriptures: for they are spirits of demons, doing signs, which go out to the sovereigns of the entire
world, to gather them to the battle of that great day of the Almighty.
Aramaic: (for they are the spirits of demons, who work prodigies;) and they go forth to all the kings of all
the habitable world, to gather them to the battle of the great day of God Almighty.
463
so/ or whereas,
these, the
pronom)
cp)
ms)
(mp)/ they do,
part, mp)
added mater lectionis
(n mp)
2nd Temple
k
so/ or we/ you (mp)
part, mp)
belonging to (the)
constr)
(n fs)
v
so/ or to/ for/
(prep n ms)
ha
inf constr)
3mp pron)
:
for/ belonging to
(prep, n fs)
upon
(prep)
(n ms)
Yehovah
(adj ms)
Interlinear Chart
463
For this spelling see Book of Jubilees 4:22.
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Revelation 16:15 (Cochin 16:14)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: See, I will come as a thief.
464
So, holy is he
465
who does not sleep and keeps himself; so that
he does not go naked without clothes so that he does not reveal his nakedness.
The Scriptures
Aramaic: (And lo, I come as a thief. Blessed is he that watcheth, and keepeth his garments; lest he walk
naked, and they see his shame.)
(to a man)
imp, 2ms)
yiqtol, 1cs)
ms)
ka
ms)
(pron, 3ms)
num mismatch
(neg part)
(mp)/ they those
mp)
added mater lectionis
so/ or to keep(s),
et, (DO marker)
his/its essence,
3ms pronom)
(neg part)
will
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
(adj ms)
466
:
(n mp)
according to, as, in
(rel part, neg part)
3ms)
et, (DO marker)
3ms pronom)
2nd Temple
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 16:16 (Cochin 16:15)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And he gathered them in one place called in the Hebrew tongue Har Mageddan.
467
464
See Revelation 3:3 for more details.
465
The Hebrew word (eylu) is plural and should be translated as "these" or "those," but the rest of the sentence is singular,
therefore it was modified in English for number consistency.
466
Second Temple spelling first found in the Book of Jubilees 3:34, from c. 460 BCE to 140 CE.
467
The scribe added nikkudot (vowel markings) to clarify the pronunciation, but was probably originally two words, "Har
(mountain) Megeddan."
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The Scriptures: And they gathered them together to the place called in Hebrew, Har Meiddo.
Aramaic: And they collected them together in a place called, in Hebrew, Armageddon.
3ms pron)
Pa;al/Qal, qatal,
3ms)
mp)
ms)
num)
ms)
(prep, n ms)
:
ms)
o
Mount of Megeddan
(name)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 16:17 (Cochin 16:16)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then the seventh poured out his bowl on the atmosphere, and a voice came from the throne
The Scriptures: And the seventh messenger poured out his bowl into the air, and a loud voice came out of
Aramaic: And the seventh poured his cup on the air; and there issued a loud voice from the temple, from
the throne, which said: It is done!
468
(ord num)
past, 3ms)
et, (DO marker)
pronom)
(the) air,
atmosphere,
ms)
2nd Temple
qatal, past, 3ms)
(n ms)
:
num)
(prep, n ms)
past, 3ms)
past, 3ms)
Interlinear Chart
468
Normally, (avvir) is spelled with two vavs, but there are post Tanakh usages of one vav starting in c. 550 BCE in Sefer
Yetzirah Gra Version 2:1.
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Revelation 16:18 (Cochin 16:17)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And there were voices, thunders, lightnings, and earthquakes like never before.
469
The Scriptures: And there came to be noises and thunders and lightnings. And there came to be a great
earthquake, such a mighty and great earthquake as had not came to be since men were on the earth.
Aramaic: And there were lightnings, and thunders, and voices; and there was a great earthquake, the like
of which there was never, since men were on the earth, such an earthquake, and so great.
so/ or became,
qatal, past, 3ms)
but/ so/ or (the)
u
so/ or (the)
(n mp)
so/ or (the)
:
Idiom: "not like ever before."
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 16:19 (Cochin 16:18)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Thus, the great city became three parts, and the cities of the nations fell. So, the great city
Babel was remembered before Yehovah who gave her the cup with wine, which is the wrath of His anger.
The Scriptures: And the great city became divided into three parts, and the cities of the nations fell. And
great Bael was remembered before Elohim, to give her the cup of the wine of the fierceness of His wrath.
Aramaic: And the great city became three parts. And the city of the nations fell; and Babylon the great was
remembered before God, to give her the cup of the wine of the heat of his wrath.
469
Literally, "not be of eternity."
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so/ or from/ of the
e
(card num)
mp)
fp)
(prep n mp)
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
so/ or I/ you (ms)/
part ms)
fs)
fs)
b
(name)
before the face of,
before me, in front
Yehovah
470
Mishnaic
(prep, 3fs pronom)
n ms)
:
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 16:20 (Cochin 16:19)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then all the mountains and hills fled and were seen no more.
The Scriptures: And every island fled away, and the mountains were not found
Aramaic: And every island fled away; and the mountains were not found.
k
fp)
past, 3cp)
part)
3cp)
Interlinear Chart
470
This is a unique spelling, see Revelation 2:17 for more details.
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Revelation 16:21 (Cochin 16:20)
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And great hail fell upon man from the heavens, and they cursed Yehovah because of the
plague of the hail.
The Scriptures: And great hail from the heaven fell upon men, every hailstone about the weight of a talent.
And men blasphemed Elohim for the plague of the hail, because that plague was exceedingly great.
Aramaic: And a great hail, as it were of a talent weight, fell from heaven upon men: and the men
blasphemed God, on account of the plague of hail; for the plague of it was very great.
and/ but/
so/ or (the)
ms)
big,
large
past, 3ms)
upon
(prep)
(prep n mp)
ve' he
but/ so/ or they,
these,
pronom)
mecharfim/
you (mp)/ they
to Yehovah.
stroke, plague,
disease, mark,
(n ms)
(n ms)
Interlinear Chart
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Cochin Revelation Chapter 17
Pageview Image MS Cochin Oo.1.16.2 Chapter 17
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Revelation 17:1
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then one of the seven messengers had one of the seven bowls came and spoke to me. And he
The Scriptures: And one of the seven messengers who had the seven bowls came and spoke with me,
Aramaic: Then came one of the seven angels who have the seven cups, and talked with me, saying: Come,
I will show thee the judgment of the great harlot, who sitteth upon many waters;
past, 3ms)
(card num)
shiv
card num)
mal
she
which/ who/ whom
past, 3ms,)
l
(prep, 3mp pronom)
(card num)
le
2ms pronom)
/ but/
so/ or he/it
qatal, past, 3ms)
past, 3ms)
(prep,1cs pronom)
3ms)
k'arot, the bowls,
fp)
(n mp)
upon
(prep)
(fs)/ she/it dwells,
act part, fs)
(adj, fs)
(n fs)
(n ms)
:
fs)
num mismatch
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 17:2
Hebrew Transcription
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Translation:
471
of the earth committed fornication with her and they became intoxicated by her
The Scriptures: with whom the sovereigns of the earth committed whoring, and the inhabitants of the earth
Aramaic: with whom the kings of the earth have practised whoredom, and the inhabitants of the earth have
been inebriated with the wine of her whoredom.
or these, those, the
(pron,
3ms)
so/ or (the) rulers
constr)
(n fs)
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
(prep, 3fs pronom)
:
3fs pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 17:3
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then he brought me into the wilderness. And I saw the woman sitting on the beast, whose
appearance was like the appearance of lilies and was full of slanderous names, having seven heads and ten
horns.
The Scriptures: And he carried me away in the Spirit into the wilderness. And I saw a woman sitting on a
scarlet beast covered with names of blasphemy, having seven heads and ten horns.
Aramaic: And he led me in spirit into the wilderness: and I saw a woman sitting on a red beast of prey,
which was full of names of blasphemy, and had seven heads and ten horns.
471
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upon
(prep)
shee
which/ who/ whom
past, 3fs)
past, 1cs)
with/ by (the)
n ms)
marker, 1cs pron)
so/ or he/it
qatal, past, 3ms)
472
past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
3ms)
wrong pronoun
(n cp)
(prep, n fs)
past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
she
which/ who/ whom/
from/ for his/its
n ms, 3ms)
added mater lectionis
wrong pronoun
(n fs)
mp)
(card num)
(v.
3ms)
or to/ for/ belonging
chirofim, Root:
(mp)/ they, those
who say
reproaches,
2nd Temple
e
(prep, n mp)
:
ka
(n fp)
(card num)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 17:4
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And the woman
473
was clothed in red garments with the appearance of lilies. And on her was
a great exceeding gold with precious stones and pearls. A golden cup full of impurities was in her hand.
472
While this is translated as "lilies" it could refer to a flower that is like the lily. It is used six times in Song of Songs, as well as
Psalm 45:1, 69:1 and 80:1.
473
confusion
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The Scriptures: And the woman was dressed in purple and scarlet, and adorned with gold and precious
stones and pearls, holding in her hand a golden cup filled with abominations and the filthiness of her
whoring,
Aramaic: And the woman was clothed in purple and scarlet, and gilded with gold, and precious stones, and
pearls; and she had a cup of gold in her hand, which was full of the pollutions and impurity of her
whoredoms of the earth.
(prep, n ms)
ms)
with/ by (the)
prep,
n ms)
(adj ms)
wrong pronoun
3ms)
wrong pronoun
(n fs)
474
and/
but/ so/ or (the)
gems, jewels,
2nd Temple
(n fp)
ms)
past 3ms)
wrong pronoun
so/ or upon, over
her/itprep, 3fs
Pronom)
:
(adj fp)
wrong pronoun
num mismatch
full
qatal, past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
(prep, n fs)
zahav
ms)
so/ or (the) glass,
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 17:5
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And written on her forehead was the name of the mystery of the great city, Babel, the mother
of harlots and the defiled of the earth.
The Scriptures: and upon her forehead a name written, a secret: BAEL THE GREAT, THE MOTHER
OF THE WHORES AND OF THE ABOMINATIONS OF THE EARTH.
Aramaic: And upon her forehead was the name written: Mystery: Babylon the great; the Mother of
Harlots, and of the contaminations of the Earth.
474
This word and spelling are found in The Midrash of Philo 2:18 of the Second Temple period.
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fs)
ms)
ms)
past 3ms)
but/ so/ or in/ with/
(n ms, 3fs pronom)
:
(n fs)
mitum'ot,
and/ but/ so/ or
(the) unclean,
fp)
2nd Temple
added mater lectionis
(prep, n fs)
2nd Temple
added mater lectionis
(name)
fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 17:6
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And I saw that the woman drank the blood of the holy ones and the blood of the
congregations of Yeshua. I had great astonishment when I saw her.
The Scriptures: And I saw the woman, drunk with the blood of the set-apart ones, and with the blood of
the witnesses of . And having seen her, I marvelled greatly marvelled!
Aramaic: And I saw that the woman was intoxicated with the blood of the saints, and with the blood of the
witnesses of Jesus. And when I saw her, I wondered with great amazement.
assemblies,
fs)
so/ or from/ of (the)
(prep, n ms)
holy ones, saints,
set-
mp)
ms)
3ms
wrong pronoun
she
which/ who/ whom
part, n fs)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
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475
ejust as,
or when, like/ as
that/ which/ who/
(prep, rel part, v.
past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
(prep, 1cs pronom)
past 3ms)
wrong pronoun
(adj fs)
v
so/ or(the), sign,
wonder,
(n fs)
2nd Temple
Yeshua
:
marker, 3fs,
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 17:7
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
the woman, and of the beast which she sat upon
The Scriptures
the woman and of the beast she rides, which has the seven heads and the ten horns.
Aramaic: And the Angel said to me, Why dost thou wonder? I will tell thee the mystery of the woman, and
of the beast of prey that beareth her, which hath the seven heads and the ten horns.
476
le
(prep, 2ms pronom)
yesh, there is, there
Idiom: because of what?
2nd Temple
(inter part)
(prep)
(prep, 1cs pronom)
past, 3ms)
u
475
Second Temple word. See Revelation 2:4 for first occurrence.
476
See Revelation 2:4 for more details on this idiom.
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477
(the) woman
(prep, n fs)
le
(prep, 2ms pronom)
constr)
ms)
tamiha,
amazement,
2nd Temple
478
lo, to/ for/
belonging to
pronom)
which/ who/ whom
there is, there
part)
2nd Temple
(prep, 1cs pronom)
ma, art)
pronom)
she
which/ who/ whom
(rel part, v.
past, 3fs)
but/ so/ or from/ of
fs)
:
(n fp)
(card num)
mp)
(card num)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 17:8
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: The beast that you saw was and was not, and it will come once more from the deep and will
go to Sheol. The people of the earth will be amazed at it when they see the beast that was and is not even
though it is.
The Scriptures
and goes to destruction. And those dwelling on the earth, whose names are not written in the Book of Life
from the foundation of the world, shall marvel when they see the beast that was, and is not, and yet is.
Aramaic: The beast of prey which thou sawest, was, and is not; and he will ascend from the abyss and go
into perdition: and the dwellers on the earth, whose names are not written in the book of life from the
foundation of the world, will wonder when they see the beast of prey, which was, and is not, and
approacheth.
477
See Revelation 2:4 for more details on this Second Temple word.
478
See Revelation 2:4 for more details on this idiom.
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so/ or he/it will
fut, 3ms)
tense mismatch
ms)
wrong pronoun
part)
past 3ms)
wrong pronoun
she
which/ who/ whom
you (ms)
part, v. Pa'al/Qal,
qatal, past, 2ms)
479
over, about,
(prep, 3fs pronom)
but/ so/ or he/it will
, yiqtol, fut,
3ms)
wrong pronoun
belonging to (the)
name)
fut 3ms)
wrong pronoun
(prep, n fs)
2nd Temple
Idiom: again
2nd Temple
part)
she
which/ who/ whom
past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
she
which/ who/ whom
(rel part, v.
Qal, yiqtol,
fut, 3mp)
ba, those
:
Idiom: though, though there are, even though
2nd Temple
,
which/ who/ whom
there is, there
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 17:9
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And here is the matter that requires intellect, wisdom and understanding: the seven heads are
seven mountains that the woman
480
dwells upon; they are the seven kings.
481
479
Against Apion 2:2.
480
confusionbeast in the end of day
events.
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The Scriptures
woman sits.
Aramaic: Here is intelligence, for him who hath wisdom. Those seven heads are the seven mountains, on
which the woman sitteth.
or (the)
fs)
but/ so/ or(the)
sheore
which/ who/ whom
needs, requires,
should
ms)
so/ or with/ in/ by
(ms)/ he/it sit(s),
dwell(s)v.
ms)
wrong pronoun
she
which/ who the
(card num)
pronom)
mp)
sevencard num)
:
mel
(n mp)
(card numb)
pronom)
veilu
and/ but/ so/ or
these, those, the
3ms)
her/itprep, 3fs
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 17:10
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: But five of these fell, and one is, the second is not yet; but when
482
he comes, it must be for a
short time.
The Scriptures
come. And when he comes, he has to remain a little while.
Aramaic: And there are seven kings: of whom five have fallen, one exists, and the other hath not yet come;
and when he cometh he must continue for a short time.
481
"Kings and messengers" are spelled the same in Hebrew without the nikkudot (vowel markings), but "kings" fits the context of
the verse.
.
482
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483
484
(adv)
2nd Temple
but/ so/ or the
num)
(card numb)
past, 3ms)
num mismatch
and/ but/
so/ or from/ of
(prep, 3mp
pronom)
constr)
3ms)
tzorech
ms)
Mishnaic
which/ who/ whom
(rel part, v.
Pa'al/Qal, yiqtol,
fut, 3ms)
so/ or by if, when,
whether,
conj)
lo, no; not (neg
part)
season, a set time,
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 17:11
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And the beast that is not is the eighth for he was one of the seven but went to Sheol.
485
The Scriptures
goes to destruction.
Aramaic: And the beast of prey, which was and is not, is the eighth, and is from the seven, and is for
perdition.
483
This spelling of the word, (adyiin) seems to be deliberate in order not to be a homonym which has a dual meaning of
"gentleness and pampered." has the meaning "in the meantime, so far, until now, at this stage, at the moment, as of now, and by
the hour." This is also the spelling from the Second Temple Midrash of Philo.
484
The verb (third masculine plural form,
485
Verses ten and eleven seem to imply that one of the heads died (one of the seven that went to Sheol), and when it was resurrected
it became the eighth head.
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֞ד
486
3ms pron)
gender mismatch
, ms)
dela,
/who/which/tha
t/of
(Ar. rel part, neg
part)
Aramaism
she
which/ who/ whom
past, 3ms)
gender mismatch
fs)
e/ for/
belonging to (the)
She
past, 3ms)
gender mismatch
card num)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 17:12
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And the ten horns that you saw are ten kings who have not yet received their kingdoms, but
they will rule as kings with the beast for a short time.
The Scriptures
but receive authority as sovereigns with the beast for one hour.
Aramaic: And the ten horns which thou sawest, are ten kings. These persons have not yet received royalty;
but they receive authority, as if kings, with the beasts of prey, for one hour.
she that/
which/ who/ whom,
(prep, adv)
(n mp)
(card num)
(pron 3mp)
she
which/ who/ whom
past, 2ms)
karn
(n fs)
(card num)
486
The dalet prefix is an Aramaic prefix
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(neg
part)
3mp)
kingdom, reign,
royal, realm,
(n fs)
indeed, truly,
verily, surely, but,
(adv)
pronom)
timshe
rule,
yiqtol, fut, 2mp)
wrong pronoun
elachim,
(prep, n mp)
:
(adj ms)
season, a set time,
ms)
upon
(prep)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 17:13
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And they have one purpose,
487
and they will give their power and strength to the beast.
The Scriptures
Aramaic: They have one mind; and they will give their power and authority unto the beast of prey.
et, (DO marker)
fut, 3mp)
(pronoun 3mp)
(card num)
thought, device,
fs)
part)
(prep, pronom,
3mp)
:
belonging to the
(prep, n fs)
but/ so/ or their
(n ms, 3mp pronom)
power, strength,
ms, 3mp pronom)
Interlinear Chart
487
The Biblical Hebrew word, (or Interestingly, a grammatical shift occurs in
modern Hebrew to include a unified thought. Therefore, this word (machshevah) translates as, /its in modern
Hebrew. It is important to note that the woman and the beast are both feminine nouns. This grammatical shift seems to hint of a
modern day supercomputer.
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Revelation 17:14
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And they will make war with the Lamb, and the Lamb will prevail over them. For He is Lord
of lords, and King of kings;
488
and with Him are the chosen and the faithful.
The Scriptures
Aramaic: They will make war upon the Lamb; and the Lamb will vanquish them; because he is Lord of
lords, and King of kings, and these with him [are] called and chosen and faithful.
yenatzeach,
it will prevail,
fut, 3ms)
so/ or the l
ms)
(n ms)
(n fs)
fut, 3mp)
so/ or they(3mp
pronom)
elathe
kings, sovereigns
(n mp)
n
ms)
(prep, n mp)
(3ms pron)
clause)
(DO marker, 3mp
pronom)
489
490
v'ha ma'aminim,
added mater lectionis
(n mp)
2nd Temple
(prep, 3ms pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 17:15
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
488
489
This is an irregular spelling if the word, (emunim), but can be found in later Talmudic Commentary.
490
See Book of Jubilees 37:12 as a plural meaning, "the chosen."
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The Scriptures
crowds, and nations, and tongues.
Aramaic: And he said to me: The waters which thou sawest, where the harlot sitteth, are peoples, and
multitudes, and nations, and tongues.
fs)
which/ who/ whom
(rel part, v.
past, 3ms)
which/ who/ whom
past, 2ms)
(prep, 1cs pronom)
past 3ms)
:
491
(n mp)
joined ones,
multitudes,
companies,
corporations,
societies,
associations, firms,
(n mp)
spelling error
(n mp)
(3mp pron)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 17:16
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And the ten horns that you saw on the beast will hate the harlot, and will make a wasteland of
her, and eat her flesh and burn her with fire.
492
The Scriptures:
waste and naked, and eat her flesh and burn her with fire.
Aramaic: And the ten horns which thou sawest, and the beast of prey, will hate the harlot; and they will
make her desolate and naked, and will eat her flesh, and burn her with fire.
491
The vav and the tav suffix is a spelling error.
492
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they will
fut, 3mp)
(3mp pron)
upon
(prep)
she
which/ who/ whom
past, 2ms)
karn
(n fp)
(card num)
et, (DO marker)
but/ so/ or they will
yiqtol, fut, 3mp)
(prep, 3fs pronom)
she
devastation, waste,
(n fs)
but/ so/ or they will
fut, 3mp)
for/ belonging to the
prostitute, whore,
(prep, n fs)
(mp) they, those
who hate
mp)
:
(DO marker, 3fs
pronom)
fut, 2mp)
spelling error
v
b
3fs pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 17:17
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: For Yehovah allowed their hearts to do His will, to give her riches to the beast until she is
devastated by the words of Yehovah.
The Scriptures
their reign to the beast, until the words of Elohim shall be accomplished.
Aramaic: For God hath put into their hearts, to do his pleasure, and to execute one purpose, and to give
their kingdom to the beast of prey, until these words of God shall be fulfilled.
493
Mishnaic
(n ms)
constr)
with/ by their
3mp pronom)
past, 3ms)
Yehovah
493
This is a unique spelling, see Revelation 2:17 for more details.
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:
Yehovah
(n mp constr)
added mater lectionis
she
which/ who/ whom
she/it will be
arrested,
imprisoned, ruined,
yiqtol, fut, 3fs)
(prep)
belonging to the
tens, richesn fp,
3fs pronom)
added mater lectionis
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 17:18
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And the woman that you saw is the great city, the kings over all the kings of the earth.
The Scriptures
Aramaic: And the woman whom thou sawest, is the great city, which hath dominion over the kings of the
earth.
upon
(prep)
fs)
hi,
(3fs pron)
she
which/ who/ whom
past, 2ms)
(n fs)
:
(n mp constr)
(n ms)
Interlinear Chart
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Cochin Revelation Chapter 18
Pageview Image MS Cochin Oo.1.16.2 Chapter 18
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Revelation 18:1
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Afterwards, I saw another messenger descending from the heavens, and he had power and
great strength, and his light illuminated the earth.
The Scriptures: And after this I saw another messenger coming down from the heaven, having great
authority, and the earth was lightened from his esteem.
Aramaic: After these things, I saw another angel come down from heaven; and he had great authority and
the earth was illumined by his glory.
494
Idiom: "and after this way"
2nd Temple
I saw
past, 1cs)
(n ms)
(adj ms)
past, 3ms)
from (the) heavens
(n mp)
or to/ for/ belonging
3ms pron)
past, 3ms)
ms)
so/ or (the) valor,
power, courage,
(n fs)
but/ so/ or the
3ms)
:
n ms, 3ms pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 18:2
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
495
For
she was the dwelling place
The Scripturesel the great is fallen, is fallen, and has
become a dwelling place of demons, a haunt for every unclean spirit, and a haunt for every unclean and
hated bird,
494
See Revelation 1:19 for first occurrence.
495
See Isaiah 21:9.
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Aramaic: And he cried with a strong voice, saying: Fallen, fallen is Babylon the great: and hath become a
cavern of demons, and the home of every unclean spirit, and the home of every unclean and hateful bird
and the home of every unclean and hateful beast of prey.
past, 3ms)
n
ms)
ms, 3ms pronom)
past, 3ms)
past, fs)
past, fs)
fs)
(name)
but/ so/ or she/it
qatal, 3fs)
belonging to (the)
mp)
accusers,
)
2nd Temple
v
so/ or to hide,
:
unclean,
(prep, n mp)
2nd Temple
eand/
but/ so/ or (the)
creeping things,
2nd Temple
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 18:3
496
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
The Scriptures: because all the nations have drunk of the wine of the wrath of her whoring, and the
sovereigns of the earth have committed whoring with her, and the merchants of the earth have become rich
Aramaic: For all the nations have drunken of the wine of her wrath; and the kings of the earth have
practised whoredom with her; and the merchants of the earth have been enriched by the abundance of her
luxuries.
(n mp, 3mp pronom)
shatu,
3ms)
her/its wine (prep, n
ms, 3fs pronom)
but/ so/ or (the)
constr)
(n fs)
qatal, past, 3mp)
496
It is unclear whether the yod mark belongs to , to the end of , or if it is a random ink mark.
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:
prostitution,
whoredom,
pronom)
merchantsn mp)
Hebrew marker
Note: Mishnaic
verb binyan
structure.
qatal, past, 3ms)
Mishnaic
(prep, n ms, 3mp
pronom)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 18:4
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
497
so that you
The Scriptures
share in her sins, and lest you receive of her plagues.
Aramaic: And I heard another voice from heaven, saying: Come ye out of her, my people; that ye may not
participate in her sins, and may not partake of her plagues.
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 1cs)
k
from (the) heavens
(n mp)
past, 3ms)
imp 2mp)
(prep, 3fs pronom)
ms, 1cs pronom)
(conj)
(rel part, neg part)
Hebrew marker
Note: Mishnaic verb
binyan structure.
3cp)
wrong pronoun
num mismatch
Mishnaic
(prep, 3fs pronom)
bishvil,
sake of, for this
perversions,
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 18:5
Hebrew Transcription
497
Jeremiah 51:45.
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Translation:
498
The Scriptures
unrighteousnesses.
Aramaic: For her sins have reached up to heaven; and God hath remembered her iniquities.
perversions, wrongs,
pronom)
plague, disease,
(n ms)
(prep)
but/ so/ or
fut, 2fs)
wrong pronoun.
Should be
:
marker, 3fs pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 18:6
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: just as she did, they did to her. Then He paid her double, twice as much, according to her
works
The Scriptures
the cup which she has mixed, mix for her double.
Aramaic: Recompense ye to her, as she also hath recompensed; and render to her double, according to her
deeds; in the cup which she hath mixed, mix ye to her two fold.
but/ so/ or like/ as
who, which, that,
what
clause)
past, 3fs)
yiqtol, fut, 3mp)
(prep, 3fs pronom)
3ms)
(prep, 3fs pronom)
(adv)
(adv)
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
498
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Revelation 18:7
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
queen, and I will not be a widow,
499
nor see sorrow.
The Scriptures
Aramaic: As much as she pleased herself with lasciviousness, so much of anguish and sorrow give ye to
her. Because she saith in her heart, I sit a queen, and am no widow, and I shall see no sorrow;
but/ so/ or like/ as
clause)
(v. , qatal,
3ms)
wrong pronoun
past, 3fs)
lusts, passions, (n
fp, 3fs pronom)
what manner? In
what respect?
(adv)
(pron, ms)
past, 3mp)
(prep, 3fs pronom)
3mp pronom)
root
afflicted, humbled,
meek
clause)
hi
(3fs pron)
(ms)/ he/it devises,
pat, ms)
wrong pronoun
3fs pronom)
fs)
(neg part)
fut, 1cs)
(n fs)
v' su
so/ or any (in a
neg sentence)
regret, remorse,
:
part)
fut, 1cs)
Interlinear Chart
499
Isaiah 47:7-8.
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Revelation 18:8
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
The Scriptures
food. And she shall be burned up with fire, because Elohim who judges her is mighty.
Aramaic: therefore, in one day, shall these her plagues come, death, and mourning, and famine; and she
shall be burned with fire: for strong is the Lord God who judgeth her.
so/ or (the) sake of,
(prep)
(pron, ms)
yiqtol, fut, ms)
(n mp, 3mp pronom)
spelling error
Should be:
ms)
num)
500
but/ so/ or (the)
sadness, regret,
but/ so/ or the
(prep, n ms)
(n cs)
will burn, (v.
fut, 2ms)
clause)
root:
ms)
:
the Lord,
Yehovah
which/ who/ whom
fut, 3ms)
marker, 3fs pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 18:9
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: kings of the earth who did fornication with her, when
The Scriptures
shall weep and mourn over her, when they see the smoke of her burning,
500
A word was crossed out by an unknown scribe and another word added in the margin. The word is (uzam)
(mp)
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Aramaic: And the kings of the earth who committed whoredom and were lascivious with her, shall weep,
and mourn, and bewail her, when they shall see the smoke of her burning,
but/ so/ or they were
past, 3mp)
3fs)
(n mp constr)
(n fs)
who/ whom they
qatal, past, 3mp)
prostitution,
whoredom,
(prep, pronom, 3fs)
(prep, conj)
which/ who/ whom
fut, 2mp)
wrong pronoun
the fireprep, n fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 18:10
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
The Scripturesel, the
mighty city, because your judgment has come in one hour!
Aramaic: standing afar off, from fear of her torment, [and] saying, Alas, alas! that great city Babylon, that
powerful city; for in one hour is thy judgment come!
ve' he
so/ or they, these,
those
pronom)
yiqtol, fut, 3mp)
ms)
(the) presence, from
terror, terrible,
but/ so/ or they will
yiqtol, fut, 3mp)
part)
(interj)
fs)
(name)
(adv)
Pa'al/Qal, yiqtol,
fut, ms)
wrong pronoun
(n ms, 3ms pronom)
Interlinear Chart
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Revelation 18:11
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
The Scriptures:
merchandise any more
Aramaic: And the merchants of the earth will mourn over her, because no one purchaseth their cargo;
501
3mp)
They wept
sharku, and/ but/
so/ or they hissed,
past, 3mp)
over; about,
regarding you
(prep 2ms 'pronom)
bishvil,
(prep)
(rel part, neg part)
yikne, he/it will
buy
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
:
any (in a
neg sentence)
num)
schoar,
merchandisen fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 18:12
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
The Scriptures: merchandise of gold and silver, and precious stone and pearls, and fine linen and purple,
and silk and scarlet, and all citron wood, and every object of ivory, and every object of most precious wood
and bronze and iron and marble,
Aramaic: no more, the cargo of gold, and silver, and precious stones, and pearls, and fine linen, and purple,
and silk, and scarlet, and every aromatic wood, and all vessels of ivory, and all vessels of very precious
wood, and of brass, and of iron, and of marble,
commodity, good,
ms)
so/ or (the) silver
(n ms)
but/ so/ or (the) in
pleasant,
appropriateadj
mp)
u
but/ so/ or (the)
gems, jewels,
u
ms)
501
An unknown scribe placed gershayim (two slash marks) over (yevaku) and added a new word in the margin. Therefore, the
original word was included in the translation.
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-,
(n mp, construct)
mp)
Note: spelling error.
Should be:
u
so/ or (the) types of
-
vessels, utensils,
instruments, dishes,
vessels
(n ms)
:
u
s)
or (the) tinn ms)
so/ or (the) lead
fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 18:13
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
The Scriptures: and cinnamon and incense, and fragrant oil and frankincense, and wine and oil, and fine
flour and wheat, and cattle and sheep, and horses and carriages, and bodies and lives of men.
Aramaic: and cinnamon, and amomum, and aromatics, and unguents, and frankincense, and wine, and oil,
and fine flour, and wheat, and beasts of burden, and sheep, and horses, and chariots, and the bodies and
souls of men.
ms)
so/ or (the) oil, fat
(n ms)
but/ so/ or (the)
ms)
(n fp)
u
but/ so/ or (the)
and/ but/
so/ or (the)
(n fp)
:
/ but/
(n mp)
(n mp)
but/ so/ or (the)
constr)
(n ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 18:14
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
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The Scriptures
splendour are lost to you, and you shall find them no more, not at all.
Aramaic: And the fruits which thy soul desired, have departed from thee; and all things delicious and
splendid have perished from thee; and the traders in them shall obtain them no more.
but/ so/ or the
that,
which, who, whom,
past, 3ms)
rest, pleasure,
n fs)
lecha
(prep, 2ms pronom)
past, 3ms)
of
you
pronom)
:
reckoning, counting
calculation,
past, 3ms)
(neg part)
will find (v.
fut, 2ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 18:15
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
The Scriptures
of her torture, weeping and mourning,
Aramaic: And they who were enriched from her, will stand afar off, for fear of her torment; and will weep
and mourn,
3cp)
(prep, 3fs pronom)
words, matters,
yiqtol, fut, 3mp)
of afar offadj,
ms)
:
so/ or they will
yiqtol, fut, 3mp)
(prep pron 3fs)
Interlinear Chart
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Revelation 18:16
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
The Scriptures
scarlet, and adorned with gold and precious stones and pearls!
Aramaic: saying: Alas, alas! that great city, which was clothed in fine linen, and purple, and scarlet, and
gilded with gold, and precious stones, and pearls; because, in one hour, such riches are laid waste.
fut, 3mp)
tense mismatch
part)
(name)
which/ who/ whom
past, 3ms)
:
(v. Pa'al/Qal, pssv
part, ms)
n ms)
u' band/
but/ so/ or (the)
u
but/ so/ or in/ with/
(prep, n fp)
pleasant, (adj mp)
u
but/ so/ or (the)
gems, jewels, pearls
(n fp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 18:17
502
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Because within the hour, all your merchandise will be destroyed: your sailors,
503
and
So, all the men of your war stand from
The Scriptures
passenger, and sailors, and as many as work the sea for their living, stood at a distance,
Aramaic: And every pilot, and every navigator to the place, and the sailors, and all who do business by
sea) stood afar off,
502
There are two small marks above the middle letter in the word, (maravecha). In this case, the marginal note does not affect
the translation and was not included.
503
This is a quote from Ezekiel 27:27.
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b' sh
n fs)
(adj ms)
necherav/it was
past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
tense mismatch
ms)
ms, 2ms pronom)
(n mp, 2ms pronom)
504
505
506
and/ but/ so/ or
your ropes, seaman,
pronom)
mach
(ms)/ he/it
strengthens, holders,
ms)
bidech
calkers,
ms, 2ms pronom)
and/ but/
so/ or we/ you (mp)/
they, those who
bartererv.
mp)
ms, 2ms pronom)
mp constr)
:
milchamtecha,
2ms pronom)
yiqtol, fut, 3mp)
afar offadj, ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 18:18
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
The Scriptures
city?
Aramaic: and cried, when they saw the smoke of her burning, saying: What [other] is like this great city!
507
508
509
but/ so/ or we/ you
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
by (the) hour,
(prep, n fs)
2nd Temple
which/ who/ whom
past, 3mp)
tense mismatch
2nd Temple
(n ms)
so/ or we/ you (mp)/
mp)
interog
part)
(ms)/ he/it was
ms)
504
See Ezekiel 27:8, 27:28.
505
506
most
likely refers to those who are brokers or barters of goods rather than those who sell directly (merchandisers).
507
See Perek Shirah, Concluding Prayer 2 (c. 500 BCE - 1100 CE).
508
See Megillat Ta'anit, Elul 6, (c. 40 70 CE).
509
See Isaiah 15:1.
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:
belonging to (the)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 18:19
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then they will throw ashes on their heads,
510
shouting, weeping, grieving, and saying, "Woe!
merchandise of the sea and now in one hour, everything is destroyed!
The Scriptures
Aramaic: And they cast dust on their heads, and cried, weeping, and mourning, and saying: Alas, alas that
great city, in which all that have ships in the sea became rich, by her preciousness; for in one hour she hath
become desolate.
so/ or they will
3mp)
tense mismatch
(n, ms)
upon
(prep)
pronom)
but/ so/ or we/ you
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
but/ so/ or we/ you
(mp)/ they, those
part, mp)
but/ so/ or we/ you
(mp)/ they
mourning,
mp)
but/ so/ or we/ you
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
interj)
interj)
belonging to (the)
(name)
clause)
510
This is a quote from Job 2:12.
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511
pronom)
Hebrew marker
Note: Mishnaic verb
binyan structure.
past, 3mp)
Mishnaic
kol,
Merchants, traders
(n mp)
which/ who/ whom
past, 3ms)
(prep, 3mp pron)
mp)
2nd Temple
512
513
514
:
ms)
of her/its
ms)
2nd Temple
presently,
2nd Temple
but/ so/ or in/ with/
(prep, n fs)
num)
past, 3ms)
2nd Temple
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 18:20
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
The Scriptures-apart emissaries and prophets, for Elohim has
Aramaic: Rejoice over her, O heaven, and ye Angels, and Legates, and Prophets; because God judgeth
your cause with her.
2mp)
v'kidushe
but/ so/ or his/its
mp, 3ms pronom)
(3ms)
clause)
Yehovah
he/it takes revenge,
ms)
511
This word, (s'fiynot) means, "ships" and was not used until Second Temple The Midrash of Philo 15:18:2 (c. 10 - c. 50
CE).
512
This word, (schortia) means, "merchandise" and was not used until Targum Jonathan on Isaiah 23:18 (c. 150 BCE -
c.350 CE).
513
See Revelation 1:18 for first occurrence.
514
See The War of the Jews 1:14 for first recorded use (c. 73 CE).
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515
:
et, (DO marker)
Nifal, qatal, past,
1cs)
added mater lectionis
wrong pronoun
bah, "in/ with/ by
pron)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 18:21
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then a messenger took a great stone, like a millstone, and threw it into the sea and said,
The Scriptures: And one mighty messenger picked up a stone like a great millstone and threw it into the
el shall be thrown down, and shall not be found any more
at all.
Aramaic: And an angel took up a stone like a great millstone, and cast it into the sea, saying: So shall
Babylon, the great city, be thrown down with violence, and shall no more be found:
num)
past, 3ms)
num)
wrong pronoun
(adv, prep)
rechayim,
past, 3ms)
marker, 3ms
pronom)
past, 3ms)
way, in this
yiqtol, 3fs)
(name)
(neg part)
3fs)
Interlinear Chart
515
This is a Second Temple spelling with the added yod. See The Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs, The Testament of Joseph,
Chapter 20.
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Revelation 18:22
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
bridegroom and the voice of a bride. And no longer will there be any tool of workmanship from the
masters of handicrafts, nor will
The Scriptures
in you any more at all. And no craftsman of any trade shall be found in you any more at all. And the sound
of a millstone shall not be heard in you any more at all.
Aramaic: and the voice of harpers and musicians and pipers and trumpeters, shall no more be heard in
thee; and no artificer of any trade, shall be found any more in thee.
(neg part)
neshe
(v, Nif'al, act part,
ms)
tense mismatch
wrong pronoun
continually,
bah, "in/ with/ by
pron)
(n ms)
(n ms)
so/ or (the) voice,
516
fs)
(n ms)
chatan,
so/ or (the) voice,
(neg part)
any (in a
neg sentence)
517
instrument, utensil,
vessel, container,
malakhah,
work, labor,
-
(prep, n mp constr)
(n fs)
so/ or the sound,
Spirits, winds,
cp)
neg
part)
neshe
(v, Nif'al, act part,
ms)
continually,
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
516
In Deuteronomy 17:15, this word is used in a negative sense as an infinitive absolute.
517
See 1 Samuel 17:40b.
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Revelation 18:23
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: any den because the merchants were the rulers on the ground; for by
witchcraft,
518
The Scriptures
bridegroom and bride shall not be heard in you any more at all. For your merchants were the great ones of
the earth, for by your drug sorcery all the nations were led astray.
Aramaic: And the light of a candle, shall not be seen in thee; and the voice of a bridegroom and bride, shall
no more be heard in thee: for thy merchants were the great men of the earth, because all nations were
seduced by thy sorceries.
(neg part)
3ms)
continually,
clause)
but/ so/ or the
(prep, 2ms pronom)
past, 3mp)
sarim
mp)
(prep)
the
clause)
:
(n mp)
qatal, past, 3ms)
kishufeicha
sorceries, magics,
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 18:24
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: holy ones, the prophets, and from all those killed on
The Scriptures-apart ones, and of all who were slain
518
Compare the word
(pharmakeia). This seems to imply the great city, Babel, is the center of the creation of toxic pharmaceuticals that relates
in some way to witchcraft.
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Aramaic: And in her was found the blood of prophets and saints, and of all those that have been slain on
the earth.
u
or in/ with/ by
pronom)
holy ones, saints,
set-
mp)
but/ so/ or (the)
u
so/ or
(prep, n ms)
pronom)
:
sheh
which/ who/ whom
qatal, past 3ms)
num mismatch
(prep)
Interlinear Chart
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Cochin Revelation Chapter 19
Pageview Image MS Cochin Oo.1.16.2 Chapter 19
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Revelation 19:1
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
The Scriptures
Deliverance and esteem and respect and power to our Elohim!
Aramaic: And after these things, I heard a loud voice of a great multitude in heaven, saying: Hallelujah:
Deliverance, and strength, and glory, and honor, unto our God:
and/ but/
so/ or
therefore, in this
2nd Temple
shamati, / you
part, ms)
k
echad
num)
of her/its
fellowships,
companies,
fp, Ar. 3ms pronom)
Aramaism
fs)
you (mp)/ they,
mp)
(n ms)
so/ or (the) might,
(n fs)
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
belonging to
:
ms, 1cp pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 19:2
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
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The Scriptures
who corrupted the earth with her whoring. And He has avenged on her the blood of His servants shed by
Aramaic: for, true and righteous are his judgments; for he hath judged that great harlot, who corrupted the
earth with her whoredom; and hath avenged the blood of his servants at her hand.
(adj ms)
emet, "and/ but/ so/
court, sentence,
3ms pronom)
shafat, "that/ which/
who/ whom I/ you
(ms)/ he/it
judge(
part, ms)
et, (DO marker)
(fs)/ she/it
commits adultery,
fs)
n
fs)
prostitution,
3fs pronom)
but/ so/ or he/it
past, 3ms)
et, (DO marker)
damei-
constr)
mp, 3mp pronom)
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 19:3
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
generation.
519
The Scriptures:
Aramaic: And again they said: Hallelujah: and her smoke ascendeth up for ever and ever.
519
See Isaiah 34:10.
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but/ so/ or we/ you
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
(occasion), time
round, once (adv)
but/ so/ or the
past, 3ms)
(prep, n ms)
belonging to (the)
generation (prep, n
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 19:4
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: So, the twenty-four elders and the four living creatures fall and pray to Yehovah sitting upon
The Scriptures: And the twenty-four elders and the four living creatures fell down and worshipped Elohim
Aramaic: And the twenty-four Elders fell down, and the four Animals, and worshipped God who sitteth on
the throne, saying: Amen: Hallelujah!
520
(card num)
(card num)
mp)
(card num)
fp)
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
but/ so/ or we/ you
(mp)/ they, those
(v. , act part,
mp)
520
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:
for/ belonging to
name)
(ms)/ he/it sit(s),
ms)
upon
(prep)
but/ so/ or we/ you
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
halleluyahto a
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 19:5
521
522
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
both
523
The Scriptures
Aramaic: And a voice came forth from the throne, saying: Praise our God, all ye his servants; and such as
fear him, small and great.
v' k
or (the) voice
ms)
num)
ms)
n ms)
halleluYahto a
imper, 2mp)
(n mp constr)
Yehovah
imp, 2mp)
et, (DO marker)
ms)
Yehovah
but/ so/ or (the)
wrathn fs)
mp)
521
These two words appear to be one word but is nonsensical when the words are joined together.
522
It appears the original scribe crossed this word out and was not included in the translation.
523
An unknown scribe struck through the word (shnihem) and was included in the translation and signified by strikethrough.
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pronom)
the all
ms)
shne
mp)
(adj mp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 19:6
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And I heard a voice like the voice of His great companies, like the sound of many waters.
The Scriptures: And I heard as the voice of a great crowd, as the sound of many waters and as the sound
Aramaic: And I heard, as it were the voice of a great multitude, and as the voice of many waters, and as the
voice of heavy thunders, saying: Hallelujah; for our Lord God, Omnipotent, reigneth.
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 1cs)
k
(n ms)
num)
m'chaburota,
of her joined ones,
multitudes,
companies,
corporations,
societies,
associations, firms,
(n mp) (prep, n fp,
3fs pronom)
ms)
so/ or like/ as (the)
(prep, n ms)
mp)
(adj mp)
and/ but/
so/ or like, as,
adv,
prep)
(adj mp)
the we/
you (mp)/ they
mp)
clause)
Yehovah
past, 3ms)
Interlinear Chart
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Revelation 19:7
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: d
524
happily and gave Him honor, for the time of the wedding of the Lamb has
come and H
The Scriptures: Let us be glad and rejoice and give Him praise, for the marriage of the Lamb has come,
Aramaic: Let us rejoice and exult, and give glory to him: for the marriage supper of the Lamb hath come,
and his bride hath made herself ready.
525
3mp)
spelling error
wrong pronoun
and/ but/ so/
or
Mishnaic
(prep, 3ms pronom)
ms)
clause)
season, a set time,
ms)
ms)
ba
3ms)
or his/its woman,
(n fs, 3ms pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 19:8
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And He gave her pure, becoming, and beautiful silk to wear.
The Scriptures: And to her it was given to be dressed in fine linen, clean and bright, for the fine linen is
the righteousnesses of the set-apart ones.
Aramaic: And it was granted her to be clothed in fine linen, bright and clean: for fine linen is the
righteousnesses of the saints.
524
This word was crossed out by an unknown scribe and a marginal note added. The word was included in the translation.
525
See Revelation 2:17 for more details on this uniquely spelled word.
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:
so/ or I/ you (ms)/
ms)
3fs pron)
inf constr)
n ms)
or (the) good,
pleasant,
appropriate,
so/ or beautiful,
(adj ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 19:9
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
said to me these are the words of Yehovah in truth.
The Scriptures
Aramaic: And he said to me, Write; Blessed are they who are called to the supper of the marriage feast of
the Lamb. And he said to me, These my [sayings] are the true words of God.
past, 3ms)
pron)
mp)
pron)
she
which/ who/ whom
past, 3ms)
constr)
(n fs constr)
he/it is pleasant,
ms)
(n ms)
3ms)
pron)
pron)
(n ms constr)
Yehovah
(the) truth
(prep, n fs)
Interlinear Chart
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Revelation 19:10
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then I fell at his feet to pray to hthis! I am of your
The Scriptures
fellow servant, and of your brothers who possess the witness of . Worship Elohim! For the witness of
Aramaic: And I fell at his feet, to worship him. And he said to me, See, [thou do it] not; I am thy fellow-
servant, and of those thy brethren who have the testimony of Jesus. Worship ye God: for the testimony of
Jesus is the spirit of prophecy.
526
past, 1cs)
belonging to his/its
(v. , inf
constr)
spelling error
(prep, 3ms pron)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
(prep, 1cs pron)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, imp,
2ms)
(neg part)
fut, 2ms)
friends,
companions,
2ms pronom)
u
but/ so/ or from/ of
(prep, n mp, 2ms
pronom)
u
but/ so/ or from/ of
these, some
527
she
which/ who/ whom
there is, there
rel part,
part)
(prep, 3mp pron)
(n fp)
name)
make, do! (v.
wrong pronoun
pronom)
belonging to
name)
Interlinear Chart
526
It appears the hey was erroneously eliminated and should be: , inf construct
would be translated to, asculine singular
527
The asculine singular
the sentence. Also, this could be a noun: (ha-
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Revelation 19:11
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then I saw the heavens open. And I saw a white horse, and sitting on him was named
Faithful and True, for He will judge righteously.
The Scriptures: And I saw the heaven opened, and there was a white horse. And He who sat on him was
called Trustworthy and True, and in righteousness He judges and fights.
Aramaic: And I saw heaven opened: and lo, a white horse; and he that sat on it, is called Faithful and True:
and in righteousness he judgeth, and maketh war.
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
(n mp)
(mp)/ they, those
act part, mp)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
num)
ms)
or this, this one
(pron, ms)
which/ who/ whom
I/ you (ms)/ he/it
act part, ms)
him, by him,
(prep, 3ms pronom)
pronom)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
(ms)/ he/it is
act part, ms)
(n fs)
pronom)
3ms)
by (the)
(prep, adj ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 19:12
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And His eyes were like a flame of fire and on His head were many crowns; and a name was
written upon Him that no one knows - only He alone.
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The Scriptures: And His eyes were as a flame of fire, and on His head were many crowns, having a Name
that had been written, which no one had perceived except Himself
Aramaic: His eyes [were] like a flame of fire, and on his head [were] many diadems; and he had names
inscribed; and the name which was written on him, no one knew, except himself.
(n ms, 3ms pronom)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
3ms)
fs)
v'al,
on,
pronom)
mp)
so/ or (the) name,
name ofn ms)
num)
ms)
pronom)
v' sum
so/ any (in a neg
sentence)
num)
ms)
marker, 3ms
pronom)
(part)
pron)
(adv, 3ms pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 19:13
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And He was dressed in clothing sprinkled with blood and His name was the Word of
Yehovah.
The Scriptures: and having been dressed in a robe dipped in blood and His Name is called: The Word of
.
Aramaic: And he was clothed with a vesture sprinkled with blood; and his name is called, The Word of
God.
so/ or I/ you(ms)/
(v. Pa'al/Qal, pssv
part, ms)
with/ by (the)
clothing (prep, n ms)
num)
she
which/ who/ whom
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
3ms)
past, 3ms)
upon him/it, by
him, concerning
pronom)
ms)
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:
v
so/ or his
(n ms)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
speech, talk,
Yehovah
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 19:14
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And all the armies of the heavens follow Him on white horses, wearing clothing of white silk.
The Scriptures: And the armies in the heaven, dressed in fine linen, white and clean, followed Him on
white horses.
Aramaic: And the soldiery of heaven followed him, on white horses, clad in garments of fine linen, pure
[and] white.
mp)
the we/
you (mp)/ they,
mp)
(prep, pron 3ms)
upon
(prep)
(n mp constr)
ms)
ms, 3mp pronom)
they, those putting
mp)
melevushei,
(prep)
const)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 19:15
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Coming from his mouth is a double-edged sword to strike the people with it. He drives them
with a rod of iron
528
and in the fierceness of the anger of Yehovah, rebuking honestly for the suffering of
the land.
528
See Psalms 2:9. This phrase is also used in Revelation 2:27a, and 12:5.
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The Scriptures: And out of His mouth goes a sharp sword, that with it He should smite the nations. And
Shaddai.
Aramaic: And from his mouth issued a sharp two-edged sword, that with it he could smite the nations; and
he will rule the nations with a rod of iron; and he will tread the wine-press of the wrath of God Almighty.
so/ or from his/its
3ms pronom)
past, 3ms)
fs)
according to, as, in
prep,
pronom 3ms)
mp)
fut, 3ms)
mp)
by/ (the) rod of,
staff, branch,
ms)
(n ms)
3ms)
:
by (the) honesty,
uprightness, level
belonging to (the)
(prep, n ms)
(n fs)
with/ by (the)
ms)
ms)
Yehovah
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 19:16
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
The Scriptures: And on His robe and on His thigh He has a name written: SOVEREIGN OF
SOVEREIGNS AND MASTER OF MASTERS.
Aramaic: And he hath upon his vesture and upon his thigh the words written: King of kings, and Lord of
lords.
(n ms)
num)
ms)
upon
(prep)
therefore, in this
2nd Temple
ms)
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or (the) master,
(n mp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 19:17
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then I saw a messenger standing in the sun and he shouted with a loud voice and said to all
The Scriptures: And I saw one messenger standing in the sun, and he cried with a loud voice, saying to all
the birds that fly in mid-
Aramaic: And I saw an angel standing in the sun; and he cried with a loud voice, saying to all the fowls
that fly in the midst of heaven: Come ye, assemble unto this great supper of God;
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
num)
part, ms)
(prep, n fs)
shouted, criedv.
past 3ms)
b' k
(prep, n ms)
(adj ms)
so/ or he/it shall
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
belonging to (the)
(n mp)
she
which/ who/ whom
mp)
imp, 2mp)
collect, reap, pick
imp, 2mp)
pronom)
constr)
ms)
from (the) God(s)
greatn ms)
Interlinear Chart
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Revelation 19:18
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
The Scriptures: to eat the flesh of sovereigns, and the flesh of commanders, and the flesh of strong ones,
and the flesh of horses and of those who sit on them, and the flesh of all people, free and slave, both small
Aramaic: that ye may eat the flesh of kings, and the flesh of captains of thousands, and the flesh of valiant
men, and the flesh of horses and of those who sit on them, and the flesh of all the free-born and of slaves,
and of the small and the great.
according to, as, in
which you (mp) shall
2mp)
(n ms)
m' ha
from/ of the kings,
prep, n ms)
so/ or the ministers,
princes, leaders,
but/ so/ or the
strong men, mighty
bsar-
so/ or (the) meat,
u
so/ or from/ of these,
pron)
we/
you (mp)/ they,
mp)
(prep Ar. 3ms
pronom)
Aramaism
but/ so/ or the
mp)
529
but/ so/ or (the) large,
u
but/ so/ or we/
you (mp)/ they,
mp)
but/ so/ or we/ you
(mp)/ they, those are
part, mp)
2nd Temple
Interlinear Chart
529
Second Temple spelling found in The War of the Jews by Josephus, Rome c. 73CE.
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Revelation 19:19
530
531
:
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then I saw the beast and the rulers of the land assemble their armies to make war with Him
sitting upon the throne, and with His army.
The Scriptures: And I saw the beast, and the sovereigns of the earth, and their armies, gathered together to
fight Him who sat on the horse and His army.
Aramaic: And I saw the beast of prey, and the kings of the earth, and their warriors, that they assembled to
wage battle with him who sat on the [white] horse, and with his warriors.
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
but/ so/ or (the)
constr)
(n fs)
3mp)
et, (DO marker)
camps of armed
(prep, n mp, 3mp
pronom)
Root:
constr)
ze, 'this (pron, ms)
which/ who/ whom
I/ you (ms)/ he/it
ms)
pon, in, on,
over, by, for, both,
beyond, through
(prep)
:
3ms pronom)
Interlinear Chart
530
This word is crossed out but appears to have been by an unknown scribe who added another word on the following line. It is also
possible that the original scribe did the strike through. In the MS Manchester Gaster 1616, the scribed changed the word from
(kise) meaning, (sus) .
531
This word is crossed-out in the with written over it. It appears to be a correction done by an unknown scribe and was,
therefore, the original word was included in the translation.
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Revelation 19:20
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And the beast was captured with the false prophet, who was performing signs to incite those
following who took the sign
532
of the beast and prayed to him. They were sent to
533
Sheol burning with
sulfur.
The Scriptures: And the beast was seized, and with him the false prophet who worked signs in his
presence, by which he led astray those who received the mark of the beast and those who worshipped his
image. The two were thrown alive into the lake of fire burning with sulphur.
Aramaic: And the beast of prey was captured, and the false prophet that was with him, who did those
prodigies before him, whereby he seduced them who had received the mark of the beast of prey and who
worshipped his image. And they were both cast alive into the lake of fire, which burneth with sulphur.
and/ but/ so/
or
3ms)
ms)
the I/ you (ms)/
he/it do(s),
ms)
534
pronom)
according to, as,
(conj)
but considering,
these, the
pronom)
she
which/ who/ whom
past, 3mp)
ms)
(prep, n fs)
, act part, mp)
belonging to
3ms pronom)
wrong pronoun
but/ so/ or they were
qatal, past, 3mp)
(prep, name)
(adj ms)
n fs)
Interlinear Chart
532
This word is sign, such as a sign from heaven. This is not the same word for the sign of the beast. See interlinear table for
more details.
533
Literally, bet not
534
See Revelation 13:17 for more details on this unique word.
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Revelation 19:21
535
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And the others were killed by the sword (which came out of His mouth) of the one who sat
on the horse; and all the beasts of the field were satiated with their flesh.
The Scriptures: And the rest were killed with the sword which came from the mouth of Him who sat on
the horse, and all the birds were filled with their flesh.
Aramaic: And the rest were slain by the sword of him that sat on the horse, by that [sword] which issueth
from his mouth: and all the fowls were satiated with their flesh.
536
but/ so/ or the
qatal, past 3mp)
hand ofidiom)
the
sword
m'ze, of/ from
ms)
word, thing,
Note: missing in the
Cochin
which/ who/ whom
past, 3ms)
537
upon
(prep)
(n ms)
which/ who/ whom
(rel part, v.
3ms)
(prep, n 3ms
pronom)
living creatures,
Aramaism
past, 3p)
(prep, n ms, 3mp
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
535
It appears from the ink color that an unknown scribe added the segol and tsere, therefore we are not including it in the
transcription.
536
This word (ha) was added in the marginal notes. It does not appear to be added by the original scribe. Therefore, it
was not included in the translation.
537
This word included an added yod due to the Aramaismnot change
the meaning of the word.
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Cochin Revelation Chapter 20
Pageview Image MS Cochin Oo.1.16.2 Chapter 20
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Revelation 20:1
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then I saw a messenger descended from the heavens, and he had the key of the deep, and in
his hand was a great chain.
The Scriptures: And I saw a messenger coming down from the heaven, having the key to the pit of the
deep and a great chain in his hand.
Aramaic: And I saw an angel that descended from heaven, having the key of the abyss, and a great chain in
his hand.
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
num)
past, 3ms)
from (the) heavens
(n mp)
or to/ for/ belonging
3ms pronom)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
(prep, n fs)
2nd Temple
so/ or in/ with/ by
n cs)
(n fs)
(adj fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 20:2
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And he took the dragon, who is Satan, and bound him for a thousand years.
The Scriptures: And he seized the dragon, the serpent of old, who is the Devil and Satan, and bound him
for a thousand years,
Aramaic: And he seized the dragon, the old serpent, who is the Deceiver and Satan, who seduced the
whole habitable world: and he bound him a thousand years.
past, 3ms)
dragon, serpent, sea
monster, dinosaur,
sea or river monster,
venomous snake,
ms)
she
(rel part, 3fs
pronom)
past, 3ms)
marker, 3ms
pronom)
ms)
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(n fp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 20:3
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then he threw him to the deep, closed
538
him in and sealed it from above so that he could not
incite the peoples until he had been restrained for a thousand years. Afterwards, he will be free for a short
time.
The Scriptures: and he threw him into the pit of the deep, and shut him up, and set a seal on him, so that
he should lead the nations no more astray until the thousand years were ended. And after that he has to be
released for a little while.
Aramaic: And he cast him into the abyss, and closed and sealed upon him; so that he might deceive the
nations no more, until these thousand years shall be completed: but after that, he will be loosed for a little
time.
3ms)
marker, 3ms
pronom)
belonging to the
(prep, n fs)
marker, 3ms pronom)
so/ or he/it signed,
past, 3ms)
above, on high,
(prep, adv,
directional hey)
according to, as, in
who/ whom no/not,
(rel part, neg part)
fut, 3ms)
Infin.)
mp)
she
which/ who/ whom
(rel part, v.
past 3ms)
538
The word ( is either an adjective or an imperative verb; neither of which make sense in the context. An
verse. Additionally, it is possible that the scribe erroneously transposed the gimel and the vav which would make the word an active
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539
(n ms)
mp)
pronom)
yiqtol, fut, ms)
ms)
season, a set time,
ms)
, few in
(adj ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 20:4
540
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then I saw thrones, and those sitting upon them. He authorized them to judge those believing
and testifying of Yeshua. These are the ones who did not take the sign of the beast upon their foreheads,
nor did they pray to him nor to his idol. These are the ones who live and rule with Yeshua for a thousand
years.
The Scriptures: And I saw thrones and they sat on them, and judgment was given to them and the lives
of those who had been beheaded because of the witness they bore to and because of the Word of
Elohim, and who did not worship the beast, nor his image, and did not receive his mark upon their
foreheads or upon their hands. And they lived and reigned with Messiah for a thousand years
Aramaic: And I saw thrones, and [persons] sat on them, and judgment was given to them, and to the souls
that were beheaded for the testimony of Jesus and for the word of God: and these are they who had not
worshipped the beast of prey, nor its image, neither had they received the mark upon their forehead or on
their hand; and they lived and reigned with their Messiah those thousand years.
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
mp)
3mp
pronom)
(mp)/ they, those
pronom)
v
(prep, 3mp pronom)
he/it give(s)
ms)
539
This word does not fit in the context so has been left out of the translation.
540
The scribe did not add the gershayim (two slash marks) as was his custom in this manuscript.
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constr)
3ms)
the
we/ you (mp)/ they,
uand/
but/ so/ or we/ you
(mp)/ they, those
(prep)
(name)
and/ but/ so/
or these, those, the
3ms)
541
(rel part, neg part)
past 3mp)
(prep)
pronom 3mp)
ms
n fs)
(neg part)
(mp) /they, those
, act part,
mp)
belonging to
pronom)
belonging to (the)
who/ whom, to, for,
of, belonging to
prep, 3ms pronom)
so whereas, these,
(pron)
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
u
but/ so/ they, those
rulingv.
mp)
(name)
ms)
(n fp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 20:5
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Indeed, the other dead are not rising until the thousand years of imprisonment are over. But
this is the first resurrection.
The Scriptures: (and the rest of the dead did not come to life until the thousand years were ended) this is
the first resurrection.
Aramaic: This is the first resurrection.
541
See first occurrence of this word in Revelation 13:17.
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indeed, truly,
verily, surely, but
however, howbeit,
contrariwise, nay
part, ms)
(adj mp)
neg
part)
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
which/ who/ whom
ms)
(n ms)
(n fp)
or thispron, ms)
pron)
constr)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 20:6
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Holy is he who has a part in the first resurrection, because there is not a snare of another
death for them. Only those will be priests
542
to Yehovah and His messiah and rule for a thousand years.
The Scriptures: Blessed and set-apart is the one having part in the first resurrection. The second death
possesses no authority over these, but they shall be priests of Elohim and of Messiah, and shall reign with
Him a thousand years.
Aramaic: Blessed and holy is he that hath part in this first resurrection: over them the second death hath no
dominion; but they shall be, [nay] are, priests of God and of his Messiah; and they will reign with him the
thousand years.
apart/ sanctified/
saintly/
ms)
pron)
part)
she
which/ who/ whom
there is, there
part)
(prep, 3ms pronom)
by (the)
n fs)
clause)
pronom)
neg
part)
ms)
n ms)
542
The word (kohanim) Also see Exodus 19:6, Isa 61:6; 66:21; 1 Peter 2:5,9;
Revelation 1:6, 5:10; 20:6.
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(adj fp)
(part)
pronom)
they will
fut, 3mp)
(n mp)
belonging to
name)
u
but/ so/ or his/its
Messiah (n ms, 3ms
pronom)
u'moshli
but/ so/ or we/ you
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
(prep, 3ms pronom)
ms)
she
(n fp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 20:7
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: But after a thousand years, Satan will be freed from his guards,
The Scriptures: And when the thousand years have ended, Satan shall be released from his prison,
Aramaic: And when these thousand years shall be completed, Satan will be released from his prison;
543
and/ but/
so/ or
ms)
she
(n fp)
redeemed,
purchased, freed,
yiqtol, fut 3ms)
"from his/its
watchmen, guards
(n mp, 3ms pronom)
added mater lectionis
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 20:8
Hebrew Transcription
543
Although this word is crossed out in the manuscript by an unknown scribe and added a marginal note. Careful reconstruction
shows that the word is most likely and may have been originally misspelled as . The added mater lectionis makes this
a Mishnaic word, but without the vav. This word is used in Nehemiah 13:14 for "its attendants," "its watchers."
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Translation: Then he will go and entice the peoples throughout the four corners of the land, and Gog and
Magog, to gather his army for battle: for their number is as the sand of the sea.
The Scriptures: and he shall go out to lead the nations astray which are in the four corners of the earth,
Go and Mao, to gather them together for battle, whose number is as the sand of the sea.
Aramaic: and will go forth to seduce the nations that are in the four corners of the earth, Gog and Magog;
and to assemble them for battle, whose number is as the sand of the sea.
fut, 3ms)
inf constr)
mp)
upon
(prep)
num)
cp)
(name)
constr)
et, (DO marker)
constr)
lamilchama
(prep, n fs)
but/ so/ or their
3ms pronom)
(n ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 20:9
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And they trampled the wide ground surrounding the soldiers of the holy ones and the beloved
city. But fire from the heavens fell and burned them.
The Scriptures: And they came up over the breadth of the earth and surrounded the camp of the set-apart
ones and the beloved city. And fire came down from Elohim out of the heaven and consumed them.
Aramaic: And they went up on the breadth of the earth, and encompassed the camp of the saints, and the
beloved city. And fire came down from God out of heaven, and consumed them.
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3m
pronom)
past, 3mp),
upon
(prep)
(adj ms)
the
or he/it
past, 3ms)
fs)
past, 3ms)
from (the) heavens
(prep, n mp)
past, 3ms)
(DO marker, 3mp
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 20:10
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And Satan, the inciter, will be thrown into the fire of the Sheol, where the false prophet is.
They will be afflicted day and night forever and ever.
The Scriptures: And the devil, who led them astray, was thrown into the lake of fire and sulphur where the
beast and the false prophet are. And they shall be tortured day and night forever and ever.
Aramaic: And the Accuser who seduced them, was cast into the lake of fire and sulphur, where also were
the beast of prey and the false prophet: and they shall be tormented, day and night, for ever and ever.
Satan, accuser,
the I/ you
ms)
marker, 3mp
pronom)
pssv past, 3ms)
ms)
(prep)
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she
which/ who/ whom
he/it
v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
pronom)
so/ or (the)
so/ or they will be
, yiqtol, fut,
3mp)
, 3mp
pronom)
544
ms)
Idiom: forever and ever
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 20:11
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then I saw a great white throne and He who sat upon it. For the heavens and the ground flee
before him, and no place is found for him.
545
The Scriptures: And I saw a great white throne and Him who was sitting on it, from whose face the earth
and the heaven fled away, and no place was found for them.
Aramaic: And I saw a great white throne, and Him who sitteth thereon; from whose presence the earth and
heaven fled away, and this their place was not found.
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
num)
ms)
ms)
(adj ms)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
or thispron, ms)
544
See 1 Chronicles 29:10.
545
It is unclear who or what this verse is referring. The word could be translated as either him or it, and the only masculine singular
words in the context are the throne and the one sitting on it. It could also be referring to Satan, the Inciter from the previous verse.
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she
which/ who/ whom
I/ you (ms)/ he/it
ms)
him/it, concerning
pronom)
u
but/ so/ or from/ of
(prep, 3ms pronom)
3ms)
hashamayim, the
mp)
but/ so/ or the
(neg part)
3ms)
(prep, 3ms pronom)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 20:12
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then I saw the dead with them, the least and the great, standing before Yehovah, and the
scrolls were opened. Then another scroll was opened. And this scroll was the Scroll of Life to judge the
dead according to what was written in the scrolls, and according to their works.
The Scriptures: And I saw the dead, small and great, standing before the throne, and books were opened.
And another book was opened, which is the Book of Life. And the dead were judged from what was written
in the books, according to their works.
Aramaic: And I saw the dead, great and small standing before the throne; and the books were opened; and
another book was opened, which is [the book] of life. And the dead were judged from the things written in
the books, according to their deeds.
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
the I/
you (ms)/ he/it
ms)
she
which/ who/ whom
with/ in/ with/ by
them (rel part,
prep, 3mp pronom)
v'
but/ so/ or the big,
mp)
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
before the face of,
before me, in front
Yehovah
but/ so/ or they were
qatal, past, 3cp)
scrolls, books,
documents,
so/ or scroll, book,
document,
qatal, past, 3ms)
or thispron, ms)
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Idiombook of life
, document,
2nd Temple
lish
the I/
you (ms)/ he/it
ms)
(adv)
which/ who/ whom
in/
with/ by (the)
mp)
ma'aseihem
works,
(n mp, 3mp pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 20:13
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then the sea threw out the dead that were in it. And the Sheol gave the dead to be judged,
everyone according to his works.
The Scriptures
were in them. And they were judged, each one according to his works.
Aramaic: And the sea gave up the dead in it; and death and the grave gave up the dead in them. And they
were judged, each one according to his deeds.
546
so/ or he/it threw,
qatal, past, 3ms)
ms)
eth, (DO marker)
(mp)/ they, those
mp)
which/ who/ whom
past, 3cp)
(prep, pronom 3fs)
[*wrong pronoun ]
belonging to
n ms)
546
Original word was smeared, and an unknown scribe placed a mark above it and put the word he thought was correct in the
margin. The marginal word was used by the Gaster scribe in his copy. We believe the clarification to be accurate.
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547
so/ or I/ you (ms)/
he/it die(s), is
act part, ms)
past, 3ms)
eth, (DO marker)
h'maytim, "we/ you
(mp)/ they, those
act part, mp)
but/ so/ or they will
3mp)
num)
(adv)
deeds, works
mp, 3ms pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 20:14
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: So, the death and the Gehinnom were thrown
548
into the fire: for this (the fire)
549
is another
death.
The Scriptures
Aramaic: And death and the grave were cast into the lake of fire. This is the second death, [namely,] this
lake of fire.
but/ so/ or the
but/ so/ or the
Gehinnom, hell, or
the valley of
qatal, past, 1cp)
2nd Temple
fs)
ms)
(adj fp)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 20:15
Hebrew Transcription
547
It appears the original scribe crossed-out vehamet (), perhaps because he accidentally skipped over the next words
, and when he realized it, he crossed out the mistake and continued with the correct words. For this reason, we did not include it in
our translation. Later, an unknown scribe wrote above it. The Gaster scribe used the word written above the crossed-out word.
548
At first glance, it appears that this word (nushlachbut does
not fit the context. However, this word is used in The War of the Jews 2:14:1, and is and does fit
the context.
549
This word, (zot) is feminine singular so would be referring or modifying fire (), which is also feminine singular. It would
not modify death () because it is masculine singular.
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Translation: And moreover, if one is not found written in the Scroll of Life
550
he is thrown into the fire.
The Scriptures: And if anyone was not found written in the Book of Life, he was thrown into the lake of
fire.
Aramaic: And if any one was not found enrolled in the book of life, he was cast into this lake of fire.
:
so/ or moreover/
neg
part)
num)
ms)
in the book of life
scroll,
document,
2nd Temple
qatal, past, 3ms)
(the) prep, n
fs)
Interlinear Chart
550
Literally,
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Cochin Revelation Chapter 21
Pageview Image MS Cochin Oo.1.16.2 Chapter 21
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Revelation 21:1
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then I saw a new heavens and a new ground,
551
for the first heavens and the earth perish, and
the sea will be no more.
The Scriptures: And I saw a renewed heaven and a renewed earth, for the former heaven and the former
earth had passed away, and the sea is no more.
Aramaic: And I saw new heavens, and a new earth: for the former heaven and the former earth had passed
away: and the sea was no more.
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 1cs)
shamiyim
heavens
(adj mp)
so/ or (the) ground
(n fs)
(adj fs)
clause)
shamiyim
v' and/
but/ so/ or the
the
fut, 3ms)
but/ so/ or in/ with/
n ms)
neg
part)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 21:2
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: For I, John saw the new, holy city Jerusalem, descend from the heavens to the earth. It was
adorned as a woman silent before her husband.
The Scriptures: And I, Yoanan, saw the set-apart city, renewed Yerushalayim, coming down out of the
heaven from Elohim, prepared as a bride adorned for her husband.
Aramaic: And I saw the holy city, the New Jerusalem, descending from God out of heaven, prepared like a
bride adorned for her husband.
551
Isaiah 65:17.
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1cs)
(name)
Note: transliterated
from Greek
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
fs)
fs)
Yerushalim,
chadasha, the
wrong pronoun
past, 3ms)
heavensn mp)
u'mekushat,
wrong pronoun
(v Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
fs)
wrong pronoun
:
before the face of,
before me, in front
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 21:3
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Tabernacle of Yehovah is near
mankind! So, He was Elohim to them,
The Scriptures
and He shall dwell with them, and they shall be His people, and Elohim Himself shall be with them and be
their Elohim.
Aramaic: And I heard a great voice from heaven, which said: Behold, the tabernacle of God is with men;
and he dwelleth with them: they will be his people; and God will be with them, a God to them.
552
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 1cs)
k
ms)
n ms)
which/ who/ whom
past, 3ms)
Pa'al/Qal, imp, ms)
(n ms)
552
The literal meaning of the word, (mishkan
Ark of the Covenant resided. See example in Exodus chapter 25.
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553
Yehovah
(prep)
past 3ms)
(prep, 3mp pronom)
(n mp)
mp)
yiqtol, fut, 3mp)
belonging to
pronom
belonging to (the)
(prep, n ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 21:4
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And Yehovah Elohim wipes every tear from every face, and death will not reign again,
554
nor will there be any grief, shouting, or sufferings because the first has passed away.
The Scriptures
death, nor mourning, nor crying. And there shall be no more pain, for the former matters have passed
Aramaic: And every tear will be wiped from their eyes; and there will no more be death, nor mourning, nor
wailing; nor shall pain be any more; because the former things are passed away.
but/ so/ or I/ you
(ms)/ he/it blot(s),
wipe(s), (v.
ms)
Yehovah
(n
mp)
fs)
above, over, on top
ms)
553
The lamed is an Aramaism and is acting as a direct object pointer and therefore does not affect the translation.
554
Isaiah 25:8.
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555
but/ so/ or the
neg
part)
fut, 3ms)
(neg part)
any (in a
neg sentence)
sadness,
disappointment,
grief, to affliction
(n ms)
556
you (mp)/ they,
mp)
v'and/ but/
so/ or (the)
(n mp)
clause)
past, 3ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 21:5
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And the One things
The Scriptures
Aramaic: And He who sat on the throne, said: Behold, I make all things new. And he said: Write; because
these are the faithful and true words of God.
thispron, ms)
which/ who/ whom
I/ you (ms)/ he/it
ms)
upon
(prep)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
Pa'al/Qal, imp, ms)
555
In Deuteronomy 17:15, this word is used in a negative sense as an infinitive absolute.
556
This word seems to be misspelled since the first yod is taking the place of the hiriq and the last yod is missing. The correct
spelling would be . It appears these two words ( ) does not use the pronominal forms. However, it is possible that this
is an alternate spelling, but no evidence of it was found.
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qatal, past, 1cs)
ms)
(adj ms)
pronom)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
pron)
2ms)
clause)
pron)
mp)
pron)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 21:6
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
The Scriptures
End. To the one who thirsts I shall give of the fountain of the water of life without payment.
Aramaic: And he said to me: I am Alpha and Omega, the Beginning and the Completion: to him who
thirsteth, will I give of the fountain of living water, gratis.
past, 3ms)
pron)
past, 3ms)
ms)
but/ so/ or (the)
ms)
fut, 1cs)
for/ belonging to the
ms)
mp)
(adj mp)
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557
:
by (the) freely, free
adv with adv suffix)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 21:7
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: My
The Scriptures
My son.
Aramaic: He that overcometh, shall inherit these things; and I will be his God, and he shall be my son.
mi,
part)
that/ which/ who/
whom I/ you (ms)/
part, v. Pi'el, act part,
ms)
yiqtol, fut, ms)
ms)
ms)
om)
yiqtol, fut, ms)
558
belonging to
pronom)
belonging to (the)
mp)
pronom)
yiqtol, fut, ms)
pronom)
belonging to (the)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 21:8
Hebrew Transcription
557
The word
exists in Hebrew only in a few cases (e.g., Biblical Hebrew Course D, pp 181.
558
The lamed is an Aramaism and is acting as a direct object pointer and does not affect the translation.
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Translation: But, to unbelievers,
559
murderers, harlots, sorcerers, and deceivers, I will give their wages
from the fire of the Sheol, burning with fire and sulfur. This is the second death.
The Scriptures
who whore, and drug sorcerers, and idolaters, and all the false, their part is in the lake which burns with fire
Aramaic: But to the timid, and the unbelieving, and to the sinful, and polluted, and to manslayers, and
whoremongers, and sorcerers, and idolaters, and to all false persons, their portion shall be in the lake that
burneth with fire and sulphur, which is the second death.
560
561
indeed, truly,
verily, surely, but
however, howbeit,
contrariwise, nay
belonging to the no,
pron)
you (mp)/ they
believe, those
act part, mp)
for/ belonging to
we/ you (mp)/ they
mp)
ve'le'zonim. "and/
but/ so/ or we/ you
(mp)/ they, those
committing adultery,
mp)
for/ belonging to
(the) we/ you (mp)/
they, those who do
part, mp)
for/ belonging to
(the) we/ you (mp)/
they, those who
mp)
fut, 1cs)
et, (DO marker)
ms, 3mp pronom)
(the) fireprep, n
fs)
the I/ you/
he/it burns,
ms)
wrong pronoun
(the) fireprep, n
fs)
and/ but/ so/
or
fs)
fs pronom)
pron)
mita, the
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 21:9
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then one of the seven messengers who had the bowls in their hands filled with the seven last
, the bride of the Lamb!"
559
560
Literally, "for what it is" found in Talmudic writings of recent years.
561
This word () has an added nun (which does not belong), probably because the other words () in this
sentence require it.
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The Scriptures: And one of the seven messengers who held the seven bowls filled with the seven last
Aramaic: And there came one of those seven angels, who have the seven cups filled with the seven last
plagues, and talked with me, saying: Come, I will show thee the bride, the wife of the Lamb.
562
and/ but/ so/
past, 3ms)
(prep, 1cs pron)
num)
m' ha' shiv
card num)
malachim,
she
which/ who/ whom
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
(prep, n fs, 3mp
pronom)
bowls, plates,
fp)
mp)
(prep, card num)
plagues, diseases,
marks, plague spots,
marks
(n mp)
(adj mp)
past, 3ms)
(prep, 1cs pron)
:
bo, (to a man)
, 2ms)
eh
Pa'al/Qal, imp, 2ms)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 21:10
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And he led me to a mountain that was large and high, and he showed me the great, holy city,
Jerusalem. It came down from the heavens to the earth.
The Scriptures: And he carried me away in the Spirit to a great and high mountain, and showed me the
great city, the set-apart Yerushalayim, descending out of the heaven from Elohim,
Aramaic: And he bore me away in the spirit, to a mountain great and high, and he showed me the holy
city, Jerusalem, descending out of heaven from God;
562
This is singular (hand); however, it is possible that the scribe left out the yod, which would make it plural (yadim). The English
translation makes it plural to make sense in English.
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past, 3ms)
marker, 1cs pron)
upon
(prep)
ms)
num)
she
which/ who/ whom
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
ms)
but/ so/ or (the) tall,
so /or he/it
past, 3ms)
(prep, 1cs pron)
fs)
fs)
fs)
fs)
:
yerushalayim,
past, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
from (the) heavens
(prep, n mp)
belonging to (the)
n fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 21:11
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: The glory of Yehovah was upon her as the light of the precious stone, called Jasper.
The Scriptures: having the esteem of Elohim, and her light was like a most precious stone, like a jasper
stone, clear as crystal,
Aramaic: in which was the glory of God, as a brilliant light, and resembling a very precious gem; like a
jasper stone, resembling crystal.
Yehovah
3fs)
for/ or from/of
n ms, 3fs pronom)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
3ms)
(prep)
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n
fs)
tovagood,
qatal, past, 3ms)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 21:12
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And it had a wall and twelve large gates. On the twelve gates were twelve messengers
563
and
the twelve names of the twelve tribes of Israel
The Scriptures: and having a great and high wall, having twelve gates, and at the gates twelve messengers,
Aramaic: And it had a wall great and lofty, which had twelve gates, and names inscribed on them, which
are the names of the twelve tribes of the children of Israel.
564
or to/ for/ belonging
pronom)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
3ms)
(adj mp)
but/ so/ or (the)
(card num)
num)
(n mp
on,
gatesn mp)
(card num)
num)
malachim,
but/ so/ or (the)
num)
563
It appears that this is melekim) and not malakim).
564
lows
the noun (attributive adjective). However, in Aramaic the adjective could fall anywhere in the sentence but should fall after the noun
it reflects.
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mp)
(prep, card num)
num)
mp)
belonging to
(prep)
(name)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 21:13
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: to the east, three gates; to the west, three gates; to the north, three gates; and to the south,
three gates.
The Scriptures: three gates on the east, three gates on the north, three gates on the south, and three gates
on the west.
Aramaic: On the east, three gates; on the north, three gates; [on the south, three gates; and on the west,
three gates].
n ms)
(card num)
n
mp)
but/ so/ or from/ of
ms)
(card num)
but/ so/ or (the)
(card num)
but/ so/ or from/ of
n ms)
(card num)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 21:14
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: The wall of the city had twelve foundations and on them were inscribed the names of the
twelve sent ones (disciples) of the Lamb.
The Scriptures: And the wall of the city had twelve foundations, and on them were the names of the
twelve emissaries of the Lamb.
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Aramaic: And the wall of the city had twelve foundations, and upon them the twelve names of the twelve
legates of the Lamb.
but/ so/ or to/ for/
belonging to (the)
fs constr)
fs)
(prep, pronom 3fs)
shnayim
(card num)
num)
yesodot,
ms)
so/ or in/ with by/
pronom)
565
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
ms)
card num)
num)
we/ you
(mp)/ they, those
(the) sent ones,
dispatched ones,
belonging to
(prep)
:
(n ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 21:15
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then the one that spoke with me had in his hand a measuring rod of gold to measure the city,
the wall and the gates.
The Scriptures: And he who spoke with me had a golden measuring rod, to measure the city, and its gates,
and its wall.
Aramaic: And he that talked with me, had a measure, a golden reed; so that he could measure the city, and
its gates, and its wall.
or thispron, ms)
which/ who/ whom
3ms)
(prep, 1s pronom)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
3ms)
(prep, n fs, 3ms
pronom)
reed, stalk,
bone, measuring
num)
565
The spelling of this word (sheluchim) is unusual and is only once in Revelation. However, it is possible this is meant to be
a noun or an active participle, in which case, the vav is in the wrong position and the correct spelling would be .
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566
(prep)
ms)
according to, as, in
belonging to/ (the)
fp)
pronom)
fs)
but/ so/ or (the)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 21:16
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then the city was laid out on four sides, its length the same as its width. He measured the city
with the measuring-rod as twelve thousand graves
567
equal.
The Scriptures: And the city lies four-cornered, and its length is as great as its breadth. And he measured
the city with the rod: twelve thousand stadia the length, and the breadth, and height of it are equal.
Aramaic: And the city stood up four square; and its length was the same as its breadth. And he measured
the city with the reed, to twelve furlongs of twelve thousand; and the length and the breadth and the height
of it were [all] equal.
or the city (n fs)
(ms)/ he/it is placed,
pssv part, ms)
be'rovat, in/ of (the)
wide-open space,
so/ or he/it
past, 3ms)
fs).
ha'k
stalk, measuring-
rodn ms)
she
(card num)
num)
ms)
(n mp)
566
The word (
567
This appears to be a standard of measurement. Graves and sepulchers probably were made all the same length and became a
standard measurement of length.
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:
so/ or her/it's length,
duration (n ms, 3fs
pronom)
but/ so/ or her/its
pronom)
so/ or high, tall (adj
ms)
wrong pronoun
fs)
pronom)
(mp) /they are
mp)
wrong pronoun
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 21:17
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And its walls were one hundred forty and four cubits like the measurement of a man that was
to a messenger.
The Scriptures: And he measured its wall: hundred and forty-four forearms, according to the measure of a
man, that is, of a messenger.
Aramaic: And he measured its wall, a hundred and forty and four measures of the cubits of a man, that is,
of the angel.
but/ so/ or her/its
pronom)
past, 3mp)
(n fs)
(n mp)
fp)
(prep, n fp)
she
which/ who/ whom
v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
for/ belonging to the
(prep, n ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 21:18
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: The wall was jasper, and the city was pure gold.
The Scriptures: And the structure of its wall was jasper. And the city was clean gold, like clear glass.
Aramaic: And the structure of its wall [was of] jasper; and the city was of pure gold, like pure glass.
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v'
(n fs)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
(n ms)
fs)
(the) gold
ms)
(adj ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 21:19
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: The foundation of the wall and the city was adorned with precious stones. The first
foundation was jasper, the second sapphire, the third, chalcedony,
568
the fourth emerald,
The Scriptures: And the foundations of the wall of the city were adorned with all kinds of precious stones:
the first foundation jasper, the second sapphire, the third agate, the fourth emerald,
Aramaic: And the foundations of the wall of the city were adorned with every precious stone. The first
foundation, a jasper; the second, a sapphire; the third, a chalcedony; the fourth, an emerald;
but/ so/ or the
m'chochmah,
(prep, n fs)
so/ or from/ of the
city, town (prep, n
fs)
past, 3mp)
(ms)/ he/it was
pssv part, ms)
(prep, n fp)
mp)
wrong pronoun
so/ or the
pronom)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
ms)
echat
num, fs)
ms)
:
but/ so/ or the
kalkidanir,
ms)
so/ or in/ with/ by
(the) foreign
ms)
ms)
(n ms)
Interlinear Chart
568
in a foreign tongue) just above this word. That phrase was not included in the translation since it
appears that he is noting that this word is a transliteration of foreign word.
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Revelation 21:20
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: the fifth ruby, the sixth onyx, the seventh amethyst, the eighth beryl, the ninth topaz, tenth
agate, the eleventh opal, and the twelfth, called in a foreign tongue, amethyst.
The Scriptures: the fifth sardonyx, the sixth ruby, the seventh chrysolite, the eighth beryl, the ninth topaz,
the tenth chrysoprase, the eleventh jacinth, and the twelfth amethyst.
Aramaic: the fifth, a sardonyx; the sixth, a sardius; the seventh, a chrysolite; the eighth, a beryl; the ninth,
a topaz; the tenth, a chrysoprasus; the eleventh, a jacinth; the twelfth, an amethyst.
569
(ord num)
’
(ord num)
ms)
but/ so/ or the
achlama,
emini,
570
aquamarine, topaz,
but/ so/ or the
ms)
but/ so/ or the
ms)
(card num)
num)
:
and/ but/ so/ or
num)
qatal, past, 3ms)
by (the) foreign
ms)
(n ms)
Note: transliterated
from another
language
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 21:21
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: The twelve gates were pearls, and each gate was of one pearl. The streets of the city were of
unalloyed gold, like a clear plate.
569
The added yod shisi) does not change the meaning of this word.
570
This is a precious stone of some kind, but it is unknown what the actual stone is.
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The Scriptures: And the twelve gates were twelve pearls each one of the gates was a single pearl. And
the street of the city was clean gold, like transparent glass.
Aramaic: And the twelve gates [were] twelve pearls; each [pearl] one gate, and each [gate] one pearl: and
the broad street of the city was pure gold, like brilliant glass.
num)
(n mp)
past, 3mp)
(n mp)
sha
constr)
num)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
of (the) gems,
(prep, n mp)
num)
fs)
past, 3mp)
ms)
unmixed, unalloyed,
unblemished,
untarnished,
ms)
as (the)
adj ms)
spelling error
(adj ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 21:22
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: But I saw no house of prayer there because Yehovah of Armies was the dwelling place
571
for
them and the Lamb.
572
The Scriptures: And I saw no Dwelling Place in it, for
Lamb.
Aramaic: And I saw no temple in it; for the Lord Almighty is its temple, and the Lamb.
571
This word, (mikdash) is used to refer to the Temple, or dwelling place of Yehovah.
572
See Ezekiel 37:28.
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(neg part)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
(prep, pronom 3fs)
prayern fs)
clause)
Yehovah
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
ms)
the
ms)
which/ who/ whom
3mp)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 21:23
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: So, the city had no need of light from the sun or the moon because the glory of Yehovah was
their light, and there was the light of the Lamb.
The Scriptures: And the city had no need of the sun, nor of the moon, to shine in it, for the esteem of
Elohim lightened it, and the Lamb is its lamp.
Aramaic: And the city hath no need of the sun or of the moon, to enlighten it; for the glory of God
enlighteneth it, and the Lamb is the lamps of it.
neg part)
ms)
fs)
ms)
or (conj)
yareach,
clause)
splendour, beauty,
fs)
Yehovah
/ of
ms)
(prep, 3mp pronom)
ms)
(n ms)
Interlinear Chart
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Revelation 21:24
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And the holy people walk in this light and the kings of the earth bring their wealth to it.
The Scriptures: And the nations, of those who are saved, shall walk in its light, and the sovereigns of the
earth bring their esteem into it.
Aramaic: And the nations that were saved, shall walk by means of its light, and the kings of the earth will
bring their glory and the wealth of the nations into it.
the peoples, nations,
(n mp)
kdoshim,
the we/
you (mp)/ they,
part, mp)
ms)
the this,
that
u
but/ so/ or (the)
constr)
(n fs)
fut, 3mp)
et, (DO object
marker)
mp, 3mp pronom)
(prep, pronom 3fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 21:25
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: The gates were always open day and night and not closed, for there is no night.
The Scriptures: And its gates shall not be shut at all by day, for night shall not be there.
Aramaic: And its gates shall not be shut by day; for there is no night there.
and/ but/
so/ or they were
past, 3mp)
(n fp, 2ms pronom)
Aramaism
(adv with adv
suffix)
ms)
neg
part)
3mp)
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clause)
neg
part)
yiqtol, fut, ms)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 21:26
Hebrew Transcription
Translation #1:
573
Then they came in with glory and honor of the peoples.
Translation #2: And what glory and honor will come in
574
of the peoples!
The Scriptures: And they shall bring the esteem and the appreciation of the nations into it.
Aramaic: And they will bring the glory and honor of the nations into it.
:
ve' he
so/ or they, these,
those
pronom)
yiqtol, fut, 3mp)
(prep, pronom 3fs)
splendor, beauty,
so/ or like/ as (the)
(prep, n ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 21:27
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And no strange thing will come near it; only those whose name is written in the Scroll of
Life.
The Scriptures: And there shall by no means enter into it whatever is unclean, neither anyone doing
Aramaic: And there shall not enter it, any thing polluted, or that practiseth impurity and falsehood; but
they who are registered in the Lamb's book of life.
573
There are two different translations because of the word (hema). If it is literal, then there is an extra pronoun. Thus, since
that follows then the sentence begins as, However, if it is used as (ma) then it becomes
an exclamation.
574
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or (the) alien,
(adj ms)
neg
part)
3ms)
(prep)
(part)
(prep, 3mp pronom)
she
which/ who/ whom
I/ you (ms)/ he/it is
ms)
575
:
pronom)
,
document,
2nd Temple
Interlinear Chart
575
Literally,
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Cochin Revelation Chapter 22
Pageview Image MS Cochin Oo.1.16.2 Chapter 22
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Revelation 22:1
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Then a river was shown to me full of living waters - pure, like amethyst, coming from the
throne of Yehovah and the Lamb.
The Scriptures: And he showed me a river of water of life, clear as crystal, coming from the throne of
Elohim and of the Lamb.
Aramaic: And he showed me a river of living water, transparent [as] crystal, which proceeded from the
throne of God and the Lamb.
so/ or he/it was
qatal, past, 3ms)
(prep, 1cs pron)
nachal
(n ms)
num)
which/ who/ whom
past, 3ms)
(prep, n mp)
:
(adj mp)
so/ or (the) clear,
(n ms)
as (the), precious
(prep, n fs)
(ms)/ he/it goes
part, ms)
(prep, n ms)
Yehovah
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 22:2
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
And in the middle of the open places and from the border of the river: and from this side and
the other side - every tree is food; and upon the Tree of Life. And its twelve species of fruit on it is to be for
food and its leaves will be medicine.
The Scriptures: In the middle of its street, and on either side of the river, was the tree of life, which bore
twelve fruits, each tree yielding its fruit every month. And the leaves of the tree were for the healing of the
nations.
Aramaic: And in the middle of its broad avenue, and near the river, on this side and on that, [was] the tree
of life; which bore twelve [sorts of] fruits yielding one of its fruits each month: and the leaves of the tree
[were] for the healing of the nations.
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(prep, n ms)
streets, open places,
(n fp)
on,
3ms)
(prep)
she
which/ who/ whom
(rel part, n fs)
ma' zeh/ from
pronom)
so/ or on the other
side,pron,
ms)
ms)
ms)
ms)
ms)
mp)
(3ms pron)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
(card num)
num)
mp)
(n mp)
past 3ms)
piryo
(n ms, 3ms pronom)
belonging to (the)
food
ms, 3ms pronom)
belonging to (the)
(prep, n fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 22:3
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: For there will never again be utter destruction. And the throne of Yehovah and the Lamb will
dwell in it,
576
and His servants will minister to Him.
577
The Scriptures: And no longer shall there be any curse, and the throne of Elohim and of the Lamb shall be
in it, and His servants shall serve Him.
Aramaic: And there will be no blight any more: and the throne of God and the Lamb will be in it; and his
servants will minister to him.
576
577
There are two subjects within this verse: Yehovah and the Lamb. Therefore, according to the grammar, both the verb and the
pronouns should be plural to reflect the subjects. However, in the Tanakh, the rule of first mention is that the first verb will reflect
the first subject. Yet, this grammatical structure the verb following both subjects and appears to be incorrect.
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578
but/ so/ or (the) utter
destruction,
complete
destruction,
ms)
neg
part)
yiqtol, fut, ms)
(adv)
so/ or (the)
Yehovah
so/ or the l
ms)
579
:
fut, 3ms)
wrong pronoun
(prep, 3fs pronom)
so/ or his/its
3ms pronom)
will serve, minister
fut, 3mp, 3ms obj)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 22:4
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And they will see His face, and His name will be written upon their foreheads.
The Scriptures: And they shall see His face, and His Name shall be upon their foreheads.
Aramaic: And they will see his face, and his name [will be] on their foreheads.
:
3mp)
et, (DO marker)
(n mp, 3ms pronom)
(n ms, 3ms pronom)
yiqtol, fut, ms)
(adj ms)
(prep, n ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 22:5
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And there never again will be the light of the sun in it
580
by day nor the brightness of the
moon. It will not shine for you, for Yehovah is the eternal light, and your Elohim is for your glory.
578
See Zachariah 14:11.
579
This word is used for the priests who minister to Yehovah in the Temple.
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The Scriptures: And night shall be no more, and they shall have no need of a lamp or the light of the sun,
because Elohim shall give them light. And they shall reign forever and eve
Aramaic: And there will be no more night; and they have no need of the light of a candle, or of the light of
the sun; because the Lord God giveth them light: and they will reign for ever and ever.
and/ but/ so/
or neg
part)
yiqtol, fut, ms)
(adv)
(prep, 3fs pronom)
(n fs)
belonging to
(the) light
(prep, n ms)
(adv with adv
suffix)
v
but/ so/ or to/ for/
belonging to (the)
fs)
neg
part)
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
lecha
(prep, 2ms pronom)
v' haya, and
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
lecha
(prep, 2ms pronom)
:
Yehovah
belonging to (the)
echa
but/ so/ or your
pronom)
belonging to your (mp)
pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 22:6
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: : Yehovah of Armies sent His messengers to
The Scriptures Elohim of the set-
apart prophets has sent His messenger to show His servants what has to take place with speed.
Aramaic: And he said to me: These words [are] faithful and true. And the Lord God of the spirit of the
prophets, hath sent me, his angel, to show unto his servants the things that must soon occur.
580
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past, 3ms)
pron)
eleh,
pron)
pronom)
but/ so/ or
(name)
qatal, past, 3ms)
et, (DO marker)
3mp pronom)
belonging to/ for
(prep, n mp, 3mp
pronom)
(inter part)
:
she
which/ who/ whom
he/it will be,
Pa'al/Qal, yiqtol,
fut, 3ms)
bek
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 22:7
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: See, I come in haste! Holy is he who believes in the words of the prophecy, what is written in
this scroll.
The Scriptures
Aramaic: And, lo, I come quickly: Blessed is he that keepeth the words of the prophecy of this book.
581
(v. Pa'al/Qal, imp,
ms)
ms)
(adv)
2nd Temple
k
(adj ms)
pron)
mi,
part)
581
See Revelation 2:5.
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:
she
which/ who/ whom
I/ you (ms)/ he/it
rel
part,
part, ms)
(prep, n mp constr)
2nd Temple
(inter part)
she
which/ who/ whom
adj ms)
(the) book, scroll,
document,
ms)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 22:8
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: For I, John, heard and saw all these things. And because of what I heard and saw, I fell to the
earth and prayed to the messenger who showed me this.
The Scriptures: And I, Yoanan, saw and heard these matters. And when I heard and saw, I fell down to
worship before the feet of the messenger who showed me these matters.
Aramaic: And more-over I am John, the hearer and the seer of these things. And when I heard and saw, I
fell down to worship at the feet of the angel who showed me these things.
(name)
Note: transliterated
from Greek
I heard
past, 1cs)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal, past,
1cs)
pron)
so/ or because, as
(conj)
part, v. Pa'al/Qal,
qatal, past, 1cs)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 1cs)
fs)
Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
belonging to (the)
but/ so/ or I
, qatal, past,
1cs)
for/ belonging to
the angel,
(n ms)
:
she
which/ who/ whom
3ms)
(prep, 1cs pron)
fs)
Interlinear Chart
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Revelation 22:9
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: from your friends and of your company
of brothers, the prophets and of those fulfilling the words of this scroll. Make your prayer to Yehovah!"
The Scriptures
Aramaic: And he said to me: See, [thou do it] not: I am thy fellow-servant, and of thy brethren the
prophets, and of them that observe the words of this book. Worship God.
3ms pron)
(v. Pa'al/Qal, qatal,
past, 3ms)
pron)
Pa'al/Qal, imp, ms)
yiqtol, fut, 2ms)
fs)
clause)
too, in addition,
(part)
from your
companions,
mp, 2ms pronom)
machim/
(prep, n mp)
u
but/ so/ or from/ of
these, the
pron)
582
:
k
you (mp)/ they,
those are fulfilled,
pssv part, mp)
2nd Temple
(the) book, scroll,
document,
ms)
ms)
mp)
pronom)
for/ belonging to
name)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 22:10
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
582
See Midrash of Philio 17:17:14 for unique spelling, dating c. 10 CE to 50 CE.
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The Scriptures
is near.
Aramaic: And he said to me: Seal not the words of the prophecy of this book; for the time is near.
past, 3ms)
yiqtol, fut, 2ms)
vision, dream,
(the) book, scroll,
document,
ms)
ms)
:
clause)
ms)
k
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 22:11
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
way. However, those who are faithful will continue to be so for all time. And whoever is holy is also like
this. Truly
The Scriptures
who is righteous, let him be more righteous; he who is set-apart, let him be more set-apart.
Aramaic: He that doth evil, let him do evil still; and he that is filthy, let him be filthy still; and he that is
righteous, let him practise righteousness still; and he that is sanctified, let him be sanctified still.
mi,
part)
she
which/ who/ whom
there is, there
part)
ms)
Pa'al/Qal, yiqtol, fut,
3fs)
wrong pronoun
(conj)
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uand/ but/ so/
or og
part)
which/ who/ whom
there is, there
part)
ms)
yiqtol, fut, ms)
Idiom: too, also
therefore, in this
2nd Temple
583
verily, surely, but
part)
faithful, pious,
yiqtol, fut, ms)
that/ who/ whom
there is, there
apart, sanctified,
saintly,
ms)
(conj)
similarly to, such
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 22:12
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: works
The Scriptures
his work.
Aramaic: Behold, I come quickly; and my reward is with me, to recompense every one according to his
work.
583
The Gaster scribe condensed the two words into a shesh () with the m () prefix. This does not significantly change the
meaning.
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584
Pa'al/Qal, imp, 2ms)
yiqtol, fut, ms)
wrong pronoun
by (the) quickly,
(adv)
2nd Temple
constr)
belonging to (the)
ms)
:
as his/its deeds,
works,
3ms pronom)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 22:13
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
The Scriptures
Aramaic: I am Alpha and Omega, the First and the Last, the Commencement and the Completion.
:
(n ms)
(n ms)
(n ms)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 22:14
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: Holy are they who do His commandments so that they will have a part in the tree of life.
Pure, he will walk in
The Scriptures
of life, and to enter through the gates into the city.
584
See Revelation 2:5.
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Aramaic: Blessed are they who do his commandments, that they may have a right to the tree of life, and
may enter through the gates into the city.
saint, sacred,
mp)
she
which/ who/ whom
they, those who do,
mp)
fp)
according to, as, in
she
which/ who/ whom
he/it will
Pa'al/Qal, yiqtol,
fut, 3ms)
(prep, 3mp pronom)
(the) tree, wood
(material), (prep, n
ms)
but/ so/ or he/it will
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
Mishnaic
fs)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 22:15
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
The Scriptures
the murderers, and the idolaters, and all who love and do falsehood.
Aramaic: Without [will be] dogs, and sorcerers, and whoremongers, and manslayers, and idolaters, and
every one that loveth and doeth falsehood.
clause)
n ms)
(mp)/ they (m)
act part, mp)
(n ms)
but/ so/ or we/ you
(fp)/ they, those
fp)
2nd Temple
Interlinear Chart
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Revelation 22:16
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: tribes
The Scriptures, have sent My messenger to witness to you these matters in the assemblies. I am
the Root and the Offspring of Dawi
Aramaic: I Jesus have sent my angel, to testify to you these things before the churches. I am the root and
offspring of David: like the splendid star of the morning.
ani
Yeshua, (name)
past,1cs)
mp constr)
belonging to (the)
congregation,
fs)
pron)
:
ms)
from (the) families,
tribes, clans,
n mp)
David, (name)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 22:17
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
thirsts, go to the living water and drink without silver and without price.
The Scriptures:
he who thirsts, come! And he who desires it, take the water of life without paying!
Aramaic: And the Spirit and the bride say, Come thou. And let him that heareth, say, Come thou. And let
him who thirsteth, come; and he that is inclined, let him take the living water gratis.
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and/
but/ so/ or (the)
fs)
past, 3cp)
bo, (to a man)
u'mi, and/ but/ so/
og
part)
she
which/ who/ whom
qatal, past, 3ms)
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
bo, (to a man)
2ms)
'mi,
og part)
she
which/ who/ whom
part, ms)
(v. Pal/Qal, imp,
2ms)
belonging to (the)
water(s)prep, n
mp)
mp)/ they, those
mp)
and/ but/
so/ or (to men)
imp 2mp)
(the) no, not,
part)
u
so/ or in/ with/ by
no, not,
(prep, neg part)
ms)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 22:18
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
words
585
The Scriptures: For I witness to everyone hearing the words of the prophecy of this book: If anyone adds
to them, Elohim shall add to him the plagues that are written in this book,
Aramaic: I testify to every one that heareth the words of the prophecy of this book, that if any one shall
add to them, God will add to him the plagues that are written in this book.
verily, surely, but
however, howbeit,
contrariwise, nay
ani,
belonging to (the)
you (mp)/ they
act part, mp)
2nd Temple
of the book, scroll,
document,
ms)
585
This word, (devarim), can mean words, matters, or things.
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the this, that
(pron ms)
band/ but/ so/
past, 3ms)
she
which/ who/ whom
num)
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
belonging to
pronom)
ms)
mp)
:
yiqtol, fut, 3ms)
(prep, 3ms pronom)
Yehovah
strokes, plagues,
diseases, marks,
plague spots, mark
she
which/ who/ whom
adj mp)
n ms)
,
that
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 22:19
Hebrew Transcription
Translation:
586
any words
587
from this scroll, Yehovah will erase his name from the
The Scriptures: and if anyone takes away from the words of the book of this prophecy, Elohim shall take
away his part from the Book of Life, and out of the set-apart city, which are written in this Book.
Aramaic: And if any one shall take away from the words of the book of this prophecy, God will take away
his portion from the tree of life, and from the holy city, which are described in this book.
or by if, when,
whether,
conj)
she
which/ who/ whom
num)
reduce, to remove, to
diminish, to
3ms)
ms)
mp)
ms)
(the) book, scroll,
document,
ms)
586
This word, (yigra), does not simply mean remove, it means to diminish or reduce.
587
See previous verse, this is also the word (devarim).
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588
:
fut, 3ms)
Yehovah
et, (DO marker)
pronom)
Idiomfrom the book of life
,
document,
2nd Temple
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 22:20
Hebrew Transcription
Translation: And thus says this witness to this, Truely
The Scriptures
come, Master !
Aramaic: He who testifieth these things, saith: Yes, I come quickly. Amen. Come, Lord Jesus!
or thus, to such
past, 3ms)
(conj)
ani
fut, 1cs)
589
with/ by (the)
quickly, speedily,
2nd Temple
(adv)
(conj)
bo, (to a man)
,
2ms)
Yeshua, (name)
Interlinear Chart
Revelation 22:21
Hebrew Transcription
588
Literally, Tanakh, it dates from
Second Temple.
589
See Revelation 2:5.
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Translation: May the grace of our Master Yeshua, the Messiah, be with all of you. Amen!
The Scriptures: The favour of our Master Messiah be with the set-
Aramaic: The grace of our Lord Jesus the Messiah, [be] with all the saints. Amen.
ha
ms)
(prep n ms, 1cp
pronom)
Yeshua, (name)
/let
it
jssv, fut, 3ms)
pronom)
:
(adv)
Interlinear Chart
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Revelation Chiastic Structure
Courtesy of Bryan S. Williams at Project Truth Ministries
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The Covenant with Yehovah
In March 2023, a group of 34 expeditioners traveled to Saudi Arabia to explore the inscriptions at
Mount Sinai to discover and study the evidence of the exodus. And on the last day of their expedition, they
hiked to the altar that Moses built at Mount Sinai to covenant with Yehovah just as the children of Israel
did 3,500 years ago; but with one significant difference the covenant meal will be in the memory of
Yeshua according to 1 Corinthians 11:24.
The expeditioners brought with them juice and crackers representing the covenant meal, along with
a handwritten Ketubah for each member of the party to sign and witness their covenant agreement with
Yehovah.
The Original Covenant
Approximately 3,500 years ago, according to Deuteronomy 5:22-29, the children of Israel were
given a covenant by Yehovah, which they declined to follow. The covenant was later confirmed in blood as
stated in Exodus 24:3-8. However, the children of Israel violated the covenant, resulting in penalties as
described in Exodus 32:1-8. Subsequently, Yehovah instituted animal sacrifices as a substitution for their
penalties (Leviticus 17:11; Hebrews 9:7). And according to Isaiah 53:5, 12-15, Yeshua later came and
offered His life for the redemption of sins for both Israel and the world.
Additionally, the promised renewed covenant described in Jeremiah 31:31-32 is a renewing of the
blood covenant of Yehovah offered to His people at Mount Sinai, to be a kingdom of priests and a holy
nation, but with the essential difference that the Torah is written upon the hearts and inwards parts of the
people of the covenant. And it is for this reason, Yeshua has become the redeemer (i.e. goel, ), who
came to exchange His life for humanity, that eternal life and are one with Elohim (God) and established the
covenant and became the renewed covenant promise by giving of his own life for the life of humanity.
Yeshua the Redeemer (i.e., goel, ) is the meal offering of the covenant between man and the
-divine blood-
covenant of friendship and becomes a friend of Elohim (God)!
Ketubah
known as a Ketubah ( Ketubot, plural), which outlined the husband's responsibilities to safeguard his
bride. This Ketubah ceremony was established at Mount Sinai as a memorial for all expedition members to
recall the sacred covenant made with Yehovah.
Miraculous Event
On the final day of their expedition, Tuesday, fifteen people hiked to the altar built by Moses at
Mount Sinai. Two individuals were photographers, one man officiated the covenant, and the remaining
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twelve were witnesses at the altar. The presence of the twelve witnesses was a notable occurrence that was
not planned.
Following the covenant and the covenant meal in remembrance of Yeshua, a cloud formed around
the peak of Mount Sinai, and a storm emerged. Shortly afterwards, it began to hail heavily, which some
compared to manna on the ground. The rain persisted throughout the day, and later in the evening, snow
fell upon Mount Sinai. My husband, David, remembered the verse about the covenant of Mount Sinai in
Exodus 19 that says the following.
And to the people and set them apart today and
tomorrow. And they shall wash their garments, and shall be prepared by the third
day. For on the third day shall come down upon Mount Sinai before the eyes
of all the people. And you shall make a border for the people all around, saying,
Take heed to yourselves that you do not go up to the mountain or touch the border
of it. Whoever touches the mountain shall certainly be put to death. Not a hand is
to touch it, but he shall certainly be stoned or shot with an arrow, whether man or
beast, he shall not live. When the Yoel sounds long, let them come near the
And it came to be, on the
third day in the morning, that there were thunders and lightnings, and a
thick cloud on the mountain. And a voice of a shophar was very strong, and all
the people who were in the camp trembled. (Exodus 19:10-16, 18 ISR, emphasis
mine)
We made a covenant promise and asked for a sign that it had been acknowledged. A sign was
given, indicating that our promise had been heard. Consequently, we wish to share this significant blessing
with you.
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Instructions on the Covenant of Mount Sinai
If you are interested in covenanting with Yehovah, I encourage you to do the following steps.
• Prepare your heart. Cleanse yourself by confessing your disobedience (sins) and asking
forgiveness in the name of Yeshua.
• Repent – determine in your heart and mind that you will do all that He asks you to do,
including making things right with those you may have harmed in the past, and remove all
idols from your home.
• Read aloud – either alone or with others – the words of this covenant described below.
• Confirm your commitment by partaking of the bread and the wine (grape juice, if
preferred) in remembrance of Yeshua and the sacrifice He gave us with His blood.
By following these steps to covenant yourself with Yehovah, you too can share in the miraculous
events of Mount Sinai.
Janice F Baca
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Ketubah of The Covenant at Mount
Sinai
A Ketubah Covenant (written marriage covenant) on this ________ day of _________ in the year
________, Yehovah and _________________________________ have entered into a covenant as one with
Yehovah and His Son, Yeshua the Messiah (John 17:21), and now I am part of the children of Israel and
agree to the following words:
(READ THE FOLLOWING VERSES ALOUD)
And now, come, I am sending you to Pharaoh, to bring My people, the children of
you: When you have brought the people out of Mitsrayim, you are to serve Elohim
הוהי Elohim of your
fathers, the Elohim of Araham, the Elohim of Yitsaq, and the Elohim of
, has sent me to you. This is My Name forever, and this is My
remembrance to all generations.-15 ISR, emphasis mine)
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And Mosheh went up to Elohim, and הוהי called to him from the mountain, saying,
, and declare to the children
voice, and shall guard My covenant, then you shall be My treasured possession
above all the peoples for all the earth is Mine and you shall be to Me a reign of
priests and a set-
and set before them all these words which הוהי commanded him. And all the
All that הוהי has spoken we shall do
Mosheh brought back the words of the people to הוהי. (Exodus 19:8 ISR, emphasis
mine)
And Mosheh went up to Elohim, and הוהי called to him from the mountain, saying,
, and declare to the children of
voice, and shall guard My covenant, then you shall be My treasured possession
above all the peoples for all the earth is Mine and you shall be to Me a reign
of priests and a set-
people, and set before them all these words which הוהי commanded him. And all
All that הוהי has spoken we shall do
So Mosheh brought back the words of the people to הוהי. (Exodus 19:3-8, ISR,
emphasis mine)
See, I am sending a Messenger before you to guard you in the way and to bring
you into the place which I have prepared. Be on guard before Him and obey His
voice. Do not rebel against Him, for He is not going to pardon your transgression,
for My Name is in Him. But if you diligently obey His voice and shall do all that I
speak, then I shall be an enemy to your enemies and a distresser to those who
distress you. (Exodus 23:20-22, ISR)
And you shall serve הוהי your Elohim, and He shall bless your bread and your
water. And I shall remove sickness from your midst. None shall miscarry or be
barren in your land. I shall fill the number of your days. I shall send My fear
before you, and cause confusion among all the people to whom you come, and
make all your enemies turn their backs to you. And I shall send hornets before
you, which shall drive out the ittite from before
you. (Exodus 23:25-28, ISR)
And Mosheh came and related to the people all the Words of הוהי and all the right-
All the Words
which הוהי has spoken we shall do, ISR, emphasis mine)
And Mosheh wrote down all the Words of הוהי, and rose up early in the morning,
and built a slaughter-place at the foot of the mountain, and twelve standing
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peace offerings to הוהי of bulls. And Mosheh took half the blood and put it in
basins, and half the blood he sprinkled on the slaughter-place. And he took the
All
that הוהי has spoken we shall do, and obey
הוהי has
-8, ISR, emphasis mine)
And Mosheh came and related to the people all the Words of הוהי and all the right-
which הוהי
הוהי, and rose up early in the morning, and built a slaughter-place at the foot of the
and slaughtered slaughterings of peace offerings to הוהי of bulls. And Mosheh took
half the blood and put it in basins, and half the blood he sprinkled on the
slaughter-place. And he took the Book of the Covenant and read in the hearing of
All that הוהי has spoken we shall do, and obey.
the covenant which הוהי
24:3-8, ISR, emphasis mine)
And it came to be, on the third day in the morning, that there were thunders and
lightnings, and a thick cloud on the mountain. And a voice of a shophar was very
strong, and all the people who were in the camp trembled. (Exodus 19:16, ISR)
All of you are standing today before הוהי your Elohim: your leaders, your tribes,
and your sojourner who is in the midst of your camp, from the one who cuts your
wood to the one who draws your water,so that you should enter into covenant with
הוהי your Elohim, and into His oath, which הוהי your Elohim makes with you
today, in order to establish you today as a people for Himself, and He Himself be
your Elohim, as He has spoken to you, and as He has sworn to your fathers, to
Araham, to Yits. And not with you alone I am making this
covenant and this oath,’ but with him who stands here with us today before
הוהי our Elohim, as well as with him who is not here with us today.
(Deuteronomy 29:11-15, ISR, emphasis mine)
Today, I made a vow to Yehovah according to His blood covenant described in Exodus 19 24. I
am sealed in the blood of Yeshua, my redeemer, and I am one with Yehovah and His begotten Son, Yeshua
(John 17:21).
I agree with the terms of this covenant: “All that Yehovah has spoken, I shall do and
obey! I shall serve Yehovah and keep His covenant.”
In return for our obedience, Yehovah has agreed to take the following steps.
1. I am part of a special people set apart unto Yehovah above all peoples. (Exodus 3:10-15)
2. I am part of the kingdom of priests and a holy nation unto Yehovah. (Exodus 3:10-15)
3. An angel is sent before us who will be an enemy to our enemies and an adversary to our
adversaries. (Ex 23:20-22)
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4. Yehovah shall bless our bread and our water. He will take sickness from our midst. (Exodus
23:25-28)
5. We shall not suffer miscarriage or be barren in our land. (Exodus 23:25-28)
6. Our days will be fulfilled. (Exodus 23:25-28)
7. Yehovah will send fear before us among our enemies and cause confusion among the people
whom we encounter. He will drive out our enemies. In addition, all the blessings of Deuteronomy
chapter 28:1-14.
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And it shall be, if you diligently obey the voice of your Elohim, to guard to do
all His commands which I command you today, that your Elohim shall set
you and overtake you, if you obey the voice of your Elohim: Blessed are you
in the city, and blessed are you in the field. Blessed is the fruit of your body, and
the fruit of your ground and the fruit of your livestock the increase of your cattle
and the offspring of your flocks. Blessed is your basket and your kneading bowl.
Blessed are you when you come in, and blessed are you when you go out.
causes your enemies who rise against you to be smitten before your face they
come out against you one way and flee before you seven ways. commands the
blessing on you in your storehouses and in all to which you set your hand, and
shall bless you in the land which your Elohim is giving you. does
establish you as a set-apart people to Himself, as He has sworn to you, if you
guard the commands of your Elohim and walk in His ways. And all peoples
of the earth shall see that the Name of is called upon you, and they shall be
afraid of you. And shall make you to have plenty of what is good, in the fruit
of your body, in the fruit of your livestock, and in the fruit of your ground, in the
land of which swore to your fathers to give you. opens to you His good
treasure, the heavens, to give the rain to your land in its season, and to bless all the
work of your hand. And you shall lend to many nations, but you do not borrow.
And shall make you the head and not the tail. And you shall be only on top,
and not be beneath, if you obey the commands of your Elohim, which I
command you today, to guard and do. And do not turn aside from any of the
Words which I am commanding you today, right or left, to go after other mighty
ones to serve them. (Deuteronomy 28:1-14, ISR)
______________________Signature Date ____________
__________________________________________ Witness #1
__________________________________________ Witness #2
