*12:1 Note: This is the third of three Pesac ·Passover· in the public ministry of Yeshua.
†12:4 Judas Kirot; it is debatable the meaning of his name. K'riot is the Hebrew spelling. If the name K'riot is derived from the Latin word sicarius, meaning [dagger-man], then Judas is likely part of the Zealots political party who opposed Roman imperialism, a near Anarchist sect. (Luke 22:3) says K'riot is a surname, an addition to Judas’ name, therefore it could be a family name, geographic location, or a political party, or for some personal reason.
‡12:12 MP: Messiah is announced to his people 483 years, to the exact day, after the decree to rebuild the city of Jerusalem. The calculation using 360 days per calendar year, lunar year. (Dan 9:25)
§12:12 MP: Messiah is beheld as King. (Zech 9:9)
*12:12 MPr: “Whatever time of year the Messiah was to appear, the Jews were to greet and hail Him by taking of the Lulav (Lev 23:40 – Palm, Willow, Myrtle and good fruits) clusters and singing Hosannas to him as the haKadosh Isra'el [the Holy One of God prevails].” (Midrash Peskita de-Rabbi Kahana 27:3). (Lev 23:40; Willow Matt 21:8; Myrtle Mark 11:8; Good fruits Luke 19:35-36; Palm John 12:12-13)
†12:13 MP: Messiah comes in the name of Yahweh. This is also an appropriate greeting to Messiah. (Ps 118:25-26)
‡12:13 Quoted from Ps 118:25-26
§12:15 Quoted from Zec 9:9
*12:24 MP: Corn referring to the kernel seed that starts small and grows to multiple abundance as the grass, likewise are Messiah and his disciples multiplying (according to R. Obadiah Gaon). Growing outside the city, in the land beyond borders, referencing a mixed group of Jew and non-Jew. By comparing this crop to “Lebanon,” it describes the quality of the produce grown. (Ps 72:16)
†12:27 MP: The work that Messiah does will glorify God. (Is 49:3)
‡12:27 MP: Messiah is not rebellious to God’s will. (Is 50:5)
§12:27 MP: Messiah, as God’s Servant, will be highly exalted. (Is 52:13)
*12:27 MP: God will afflict the Messiah, in association with bearing sin. (Is 53:10)
†12:28 MPr: The glory referenced in the first clause of this verse is of the King Messiah. The second clause is proof of its Messianic application. (Ps 21:5, Heb Bible 21:6, in Yalkut on Numbers 27:20, Midrash Ps 21:5). In addition, this passage is directly applied to the Messiah in (Midrash Genesis 15). (Ps 21:5 (Heb Bible 21:6))
‡12:28 MPr: Rephrasing “the Son of Man” with “King Messiah”. (Targum on Ps 80:17, Heb Bible 80:18) (Ps 80:17 (Heb Bible 80:18)).
§12:30 MPr: Messiah is slain by Robbers (Satan) but this becomes his downfall and Messiah overcomes (Ps 2). Also commented; in the last days Gog and Magog will fight against the Messiah and be defeated. (Ps 2:1 in Talmud Berach. 7B, Talmud Abhod. Zarah 3B, and Midrash Psalms 2). (Ps 2:1)
*12:31 MP: Enmity between “Thy seed and her seed.” - Women have ovum, not seed as males, therefore this is a miraculous birth. (Gen 3:15)
†12:31 MP: Messiah’s heels bruise the serpent’s head. The serpent retaliates, but is hurled down from power. (Gen 3:15)
‡12:32 MP: The one providing atonement is lifted up on a stake to restore healing to man. (Num 21:9)
§12:32 MP: Messiah is rejected by his own Jewish people, “we did not esteem him”. Yet (Is 49:6 and 60:1-3) says the Messiah’s light draws the Gentiles to Him. (Is 53:3)
*12:34 Quoted from Is 9:7, Ps 89:29, 89:36-37
†12:34 Context: 2 Sam 7:13
§12:35 MP: Trusting in the servant sent brings light and direction from God. (Is 50:10)
*12:37 MP: Seeing the glory of Messiah, Israel still hardens her heart and refuses to acknowledge him. (Is 6:9-10)
†12:37 MP: The Messiah’s own people do not believe he is the Messiah. (Is 53:1)
*12:44 MP: Messiah is God. (Zech 11:12-13)
†12:45 MP: Messiah is equal to God who sent him; Immanu'el, God with us. (Is 7:14)
‡12:46 MP: Trusting in the servant sent brings light and direction from God. (Is 50:10)
§12:47 MP: Messiah brings the time of God’s judgment and vengeance. (Is 61:2)
*12:48 MP: God confirms His intention to raise up a Prophet like Moses, and put His words the mouth of His Prophet. (Deut 18:17-19)
†12:49 MP: Messiah is everlasting with the authority of his father (Yahweh and ancestor David). Now the Hebrew idiom “Eternal Father” in the context of a ruler on David’s throne (Is 9:7). Eternal father could mean “The ruler with authority to pass on or deny access to eternal life”. (Is 9:6)
‡12:49 MP: Messiah is the “Prince of Peace”. This role can be understood as “The chief leader of the people establishing a peaceful covenant relationship with God”. (Is 9:6)
§12:49 MP: Messiah is called Israel. Messiah comes from the nation of Israel. Messiah is also called Israel as the patriarch Jacob was renamed Israel (Gen 32:28). Being called Israel as a relationship role, Messiah is the example of right relationship with Yahweh for all Israel to emulate. (Is 49:3)
*12:49 MP: The Messiah speaks with knowledge taught to him from God, not from men. (Is 50:4)
†12:49 MP: Messiah is God’s servant born in Bethlehem, “the future ruler of Israel”. (Mic 5:2)
‡12:49 Quoted from Deut 18:18