H7843. shachath

[שָׁחַת‎]₁₅₁ verb go to ruin (?), only derived species (Late Hebrew Hiph`il = Biblical Hebrew, Ecclus. שחיתה‎ Ecclesiasticus 30:11 corrupt act; Arabic extirpate; Ethiopic injure, violate; Tel Amarna ša—âtu is fall (especially of city), be prostrate (? of land), perhaps Canaanism (see Wkl^{TelAm. Vocab}.), Assyrian possibly šêtu, flee, escape (compare אבד‎); Old Aramaic (Zinjirli) שחת‎ destroy Lzb³⁷⁴, Aramaic שְׁחַת‎, (assimilation of ), multilate; — very improbable Gerber^{179denominative} from שַׁחַת‎); —

Niph`al be marred, spoiled, Perfect3masculine singular נִשְׁחַת‎, of waistcloth Jeremiah 13:7, vessel 18:4; be injured, or even (hyperb.) ruined, Imperfect3feminine singular תִּשָּׁחֵת‎ Exodus 8:20 (J) of land (הֶעָרֹב מִפְנֵי‎); be corrupted, corrupt, in mnorals and rel., of earth, Perfect3feminine singular נִשְׁחָ֑תָה‎ Genesis 6:12 (P), Imperfect3feminine singular ׳וַתִּשּׁ הָא ׳לִפְנֵי‎ 6:11 (P); so Participle feminine plural as adjective נִשְׁחָתוֺת‎ Ezekiel 20:44.

Pi`el Perfect3masculine singular שִׁחֵת‎ Exodus 32:7 +, suffix שִׁחֶתְךָ‎ Hosea 13:9; 2masculine singular שִׁחַתָּ‎ Isaiah 14:20 +, etc.; Imperative masculine plural שַׁחֵ֑תוּ‎ Jeremiah 5:10; Infinitive construct שַׁחֵת‎ Genesis 13:10 +, etc.; —

1 spoil, ruin, accusative of eye Exodus 21:26 (E), vineyard Jeremiah 12:10 (figurative), branches Nahum 2:3 (figurative), also = destroy, accusative of person 2 Samuel 1:14; 14:11 (accusative omitted), Ezekiel 5:16; 20:17, כָּלבָֿשָׂר‎ Genesis 6:17; 9:15 (P), city, fortress, etc., 13:10; 19:13, 29 (all J), 2 Samuel 24:16; Jeremiah 5:10 (accusative omitted), 48:18; Ezekiel 26:4; 43:3; Lamentations 2:5, ruin temple 2:6, nation Hosea 11:9; 13:9 (read perhaps שִׁחַתִּךָ‎ Oort Now), land 2 Kings 19:12 (Hiph`il in "" Isaiah 37:12), Judges 6:5; Joshua 22:33 (P), Ezekiel 22:30; 30:11, earth Genesis 9:11 (P); with ל‎ object (ל‎ 3b), city 1 Samuel 23:10, person Numbers 32:15 (P); with accusative רַחֲמָיו‎ Amos 1:11, destroyed (stifled) his compassion (or, RS^{K 28} and others, the bonds of kinship, see רַחֲמִים‎), בְּרִית‎ Malachi 2:8, i.e. violate it, see especially ׳וְשׁ אַרְצָה‎ (that is, semen) Genesis 38:9 (J) he spoiled (it) upon the ground, made it ineffective, = waste words Proverbs 23:8.

2 pervert, corrupt, accusative wisdom Ezekiel 28:17, absolute = deal corruptly, שִׁחֵתוּ הֶעֱמִיקוּ‎ Hosea 9:9 (compare [עָמֹק‎], p.770:b; but We Now read שַׁחְתּוֺ‎, √ שׁוח‎), Exodus 32:7 (JE), Deuteronomy 9:12, so ׳שׁ לוֺ‎ 32:5.

Hiph`il₁₀₃ Perfect3masculine singular הִשְׁחִית‎ Genesis 6:12 +; 1 singular וְהִשְׁחַתִּ֫י‎ Jeremiah 51:20, etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular יַשְׁחִית‎ Daniel 8:24 +, יַשְׁחִת‎ Malachi 3:11 +, וַיַּשְׁחֵת‎ 1 Chronicles 20:1-2;feminine singular וַתַּשְׁחִתִי‎ Ezekiel 16:47, 2masculine plural תַּשְׁחִתוּן‎ Deuteronomy 4:16; 31:29; Imperative masculine singular suffix הַשְׁחִיתָהּ‎ 2 Kings 18:25 = Isaiah 36:10; Infinitive absolute הַשְׁחֵת‎ Deuteronomy 31:29; construct הַשְׁחִית‎ 1 Samuel 26:15 +, etc.; Participle מַשְׁחִית‎ Genesis 19:14 +, etc.; —

1 spoil, ruin, accusative crop Judges 6:4; Malachi 3:11, trees Deuteronomy 20:19-20, Jeremiah 11:19 (figurative), vessels 2 Chronicles 36:19, houses 34:11, palaces Jeremiah 6:5 compare Isaiah 65:8; Leviticus 19:27 (H), Ruth 4:6; ׳הִשׁ דַּיָּם‎ Jeremiah 49:9 thieves damage as much as they want; accusative of person = ruin, destroy, 1 Samuel 26:9, 15; Judges 20:21, 25 (+ אַ֫רְצָה‎), 20:35; 20:42; 2 Kings 13:23; 2 Chronicles 24:23 (+ מִן‎ separ.), + 12 t., + (accusative of person omitted) Isaiah 51:13 4t., accusative דָּוִד בֵּית‎2 Chronicles 21:7, absolute Isaiah 11:9 = 65:25; also ruin one (by words) Proverbs 11:9; accusative עַם‎ 2 Samuel 24:16; Deuteronomy 9:26; land 1 Samuel 6:5; Jeremiah 36:29; Daniel 11:17 (see Dr); city wall 2 Samuel 20:15 (Ew Th here denominative from שַׁחַת‎ they were making a pit; < ᵐ5‎ We (?) Klo Dr Bu HPS Now מְחַשְּׁבִים‎ were devising), Lamentations 2:8, cities and nations Genesis 18:28 (twice in verse) (J, accusative omitted), 19:13-14, (J), Isaiah 37:12 (Pi`el in "" 2 Kings 19:12), 2Ki 36:10 (twice in verse) = 18:25 (twice in verse) + 11 t. + (Israel personified) Deuteronomy 4:31; 10:10; 2 Kings 8:19, pride of Judah Jeremiah 13:9, earth 51:1; absolute with adverb accusative Daniel 8:24 (see Dr; Bev conjecture יְשׂחֵחַ‎ or יָשִׂיחַ‎ utter monstrous things), compare 1 Chronicles 21:12; Participle as adjective, of lion Jeremiah 2:30, angel 1 Chronicles 21:15; = destroyer Exodus 12:23 (J), Jeremiah 22:7; Isaiah 54:16, ׳מ גּוֺיִם‎ Jeremiah 4:7, מ ׳רוּחַ‎ 51:1; singular collective (׳הַמּ‎ Ges^{§ 126l}; the destroying band, compare Dr Bu Now) 1 Samuel 13:17; 14:15 (spoilers, ravagers); figurative for snare, trap, Jeremiah 5:26.

2 pervert, corrupt, morally, accusative דֶּרֶךְ‎ Genesis 6:12 (P; see דֶּרֶךְ‎

6), נַפְשׁוֺ‎ Proverbs 6:32, compare Zephaniah 3:7; Ezekiel 23:11 (מִן‎ compare); עֲלִילָה הִתְעִיבוּ ׳הִשׁ‎ Psalm 14:1 = 53:2; תַּשְׁח ׳הַשְׁחֵת‎ (+ verb of particular act) Deuteronomy 4:16; 31:29; declar. = act corruptly, Isaiah 1:4; Deuteronomy 4:28 (+ verb of act), 2 Chronicles 27:2, + מִן‎ compare Judges 2:19; Ezekiel 16:47; Participle as substantive Jeremiah 6:28, מַשׁ ׳אִישׁ‎ Proverbs 28:24 (18:9 see infra). — אַלתַּֿשְׁחֵת‎ destroy not (catchword of old song or melody ?) in Psalm-titles: Prov 57:1; Prov 58:1; Prov 59:1; Prov 75:1.

Hoph`al Participle מָשְׁחָת‎ spoiled, ruined, of a spring, מָקוֺר‎ Proverbs 25:26 ("" נִרְמָּשׂ מַעְיָן‎); as substantive Malachi 1:14 sacrificing a spoiled thing.