Lexical Summary shamayim: heaven, sky Original Word: שָׁמַיִםTransliteration: shamayim Phonetic Spelling: (shaw-mah'-yim) Part of Speech: Noun Masculine Short Definition: heaven, sky Meaning: heaven, sky Strong's Concordance air, astrologer, heavens Dual of an unused singular shameh {shaw-meh'}; from an unused root meaning to be lofty; the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies revolve) -- air, X astrologer, heaven(-s). Brown-Driver-Briggs H8064. shamayim [שָׁמַי] noun masculineDeuteronomy 33:28 only plural שָׁמַ֫יִם421 (Sta§324 a) heavens, sky (Late Hebrew id.; Assyrian šamû plural šamê, šamûtu, also šamâmu, compare Phoenician שמם; Sabean סמה HomChr 46, 124; Arabic Ethiopic Aramaic שְׁמַיָּא ; Palmyrene, Nabataean שמ(י)ן in proper name (compounded with בעל) Lzb153 GACooke45; on plural form see BaZMG xiii (1888), 341 f.); — absolute ׳שׁ Genesis 1:1 +, מָ֑יִם- 2:4 +; הַשָּׁמַ֫יְמָה Exodus 9:8 +; construct שְׁמֵי Deuteronomy 10:14 9t.; suffix שָׁמֶיךָ Psalm 8:4 2t., שָׁמָיו Deuteronomy 33:28, שְׁמֵיכֶם Leviticus 26:19, with verb plural, Hosea 2:23; — 1. a. visible heavens, sky, where stars, etc., are Judges 5:20; Genesis 15:5 (J), Deuteronomy 4:19; Genesis 1:14-15, 17 (P), hence הַשּׁ ׳כּוֺכְבֵי 22:17 (JE) = 9 t. (usually as countless), הַשּׁ צְבָא ׳(כָּלֿ) Deuteronomy 4:19; Jeremiah 8:2 + ( ׳צ 1c; rarely of angels, ׳צ 1b; before which fowl fly Genesis 1:20 (P), compare Deuteronomy 4:17; Jeremiah 8:7; Proverbs 30:19, הַשּׁ ׳עוֺף Genesis 2:19 (J), 1:19 (P) + (עוֺף 1), שׁ ׳צִמֹּר Psalm 8:9, שׁ ׳נִשְׁרֵי Lamentations 4:19; as רָקִיע (q. v.) Genesis 1:8 (P), Psalm 19:2, with waters beneath and above Genesis 1:9 (P, compare 1:7), Psalm 148:4, darkened with clouds 1 Kings 18:45, cleared by wind Job 26:13; whence comes rain Genesis 8:2 (J), Judges 5:4; Deuteronomy 11:11 +, and dew Genesis 27:28 (J), 27:39 (E), Deuteronomy 33:28 (poem) +. compare שׁ ׳בִּרְכֹת Genesis 49:25 (poem in J), שׁ ׳מֶגֶר Deuteronomy 33:13 (poem), but also (destructive) fire 2 Kings 1:10 (twice in verse); Job 1:16 + (see also 2a below); ׳הֹבְרֵישׁ Isaiah 47:13, i.e. astrologers, compare ׳אוֺתוֺתהַשּׁ Jeremiah 10:2; as high Genesis 11:4 (J), Amos (:2(opposed to שְׁאוֺל), 11:6 (opposed to אֶרֶץ) +, הַשּׁ ׳עַדלֵֿב Deuteronomy 4:11;as over all the earth, (כָּלֿ)הַשּׁ ׳תַּחַת Genesis 6:17; 7:19 (both P), Deuteronomy 2:25; Ecclesiastes 1:13 וגו ׳מִתַּחַת (of extermination) Exodus 17:14 (E), Deuteronomy 7:24; 9:14 +; specifically of Israel, שָׁמֶיךָ 28:23, שְׁמֵיכֶם Leviticus 26:19 (H); הַשּׁ ׳בֵּין הָאָרֶץ וּבֵין 2 Samuel 18:9 (hung from tree), 1 Chronicles 21:16 (of angel), compare Ezekiel 8:3 (Ezekiel in vision), Zechariah 5:9 (flying ephah); ׳הַשּׁ הַשּׁ ׳מִקְּצֵה וְעַדקְֿצֵה of limits of horizon Deuteronomy 4:32, compare 30:4; Nehemiah 1:9; Psalm 19:7 as made by God Jeremiah 51:15 (opposed to תֵּבֵל), Psalm 8:4 +? Deuteronomy 11:21; Job 14:12; Psalm 89:30; especially׳(הַ)שּׁ וְ(הָ)אָרֶץ = universe (compare in Sabean, SabDenkmNo.41.42, l.3) Deuteronomy 3:24 Genesis 1:1 (P) + (especially Deuteronomy, Isa2, Psalms), + הַיָם Exodus 20:11; Haggai 2:6, etc., + לָאָרֶץ מִתַּחַת מַיִם Exodus 20:4= Deuteronomy 5:8,.compare Proverbs 30:4, etc.; opposed to תְּהוֺם 8:27 (+ אֶרֶץ 8:29) ׳שׁ חֲרָשָׁה וְהָאָרֶץ חֲרָשִׁים as part of future glory Isaiah 65:17; 66:22. b. phrases are: הַשּׁ ׳אֲרֻבּוֺת (letting rain through) Genesis 7:11; 8:2 (P), Malachi 3:10 (figurative), compare י ׳הֲיַעֲשֶׂה ׳א ׳בַּשּׁ 2 Kings 7:2, 19, so שׁ ׳דַּלְתֵי Psalm 78:23 (for manna), compare שׁ ׳דְָּגַן, 78:24, שׁ ׳לֶחֶם 105:40; הַשּׁ ׳מוֺסְדוֺת 2 Samuel 22:8 ("" הָאָרֶץ; in "" Psalm 18:8 ׳מ חָרִים), שׁ ׳עַמּוּרֵי Job 26:11, שׁ ׳חוּג 22:14; towards the sky is הַשָּׁמַ֫יְמָה Joshua 8:20(J), Exodus 9:8, 10 (P), Job 2:12; Judges 13:20; 20:40; 2 Chronicles 6:13; עַלהַֿשָּׁמַיִם Exodus 9:22-23, 10:21-22,(all E), ׳אֶלשֿׁ Deuteronomy 32:40 (poem), Daniel 12:7, ׳שׁ alone 1 Kings 8:22, 54; Job 35:5; Proverbs 23:5. 2. a. as abode of God (׳י) 1 Kings 8:30, 32 +? Psalm 2:3; Isaiah 66:1, etc., compare ׳רֹכֵבשׁ Deuteronomy 33:26(poem), Psalm 68:34, whence he rains brimstone Genesis 19:24 (J), bread Exodus 16:4 (E), compare Nehemiah 9:15, casts hailstones Joshua 11:11 (E), talks with Israel Exodus 20:22 (E; Gi 20:19) +, compare Genesis 21:17; 22:11, 15 (E), looks down Deuteronomy 26:15 +, hears his people Psalm 20:7+ 10 t. Chronicles, etc.; he thunders ׳בַּשּׁ 1 Samuel 2:10; Psalm 18:14,"" ׳מִןשֿׁ 2 Samuel 22:14; he bends (נטה) ׳שׁ to come down 22:10= Psalm 18:10, compare 144:5 and (rend) Isaiah 63:19; הַשּׁ ׳נִמְּתְּחוּ Ezekiel 1:1 in vision of God, compare הַשּׁ ׳שַׁעַר Genesis 28:17 (E; + אֱלֹהִים בֵּית); though even הַשּׁ ׳שְׁמֵי the highest heuvens cannot hold him Deuteronomy 10:14; 1 Kings 8:27; 2 Chronicles 6:18, 2:5; Nehemiah 9:6; Psalm 148:4, שְׁמֵיקֶֿדֶם שְׁמֵי 68:34; he is called הַשּׁ ׳אֱלֹהֵי (post-exilic title) Ezra 1:2 2 Chronicles 36:23; + 11 t. Ezra Nehemiah; Jonah 1:9 (compare Aramaic, Daniel 2:18-19, 37, 44; in Genesis 24:7 add with הָאָרֶץ וֵאלֹהֵי ᵐ5, as 24:3), ׳אֵלהַֿשׁ Psalm 136:26; his sword is ׳בַּשׁ Isaiah 34:5, but also his חֶסֶד Psalm 36:6, צֶדֶק 85:12, אֱמוּנָח 89:3, his word fixed 119:89. — ׳שׁ are שָׁמָיו (of Israel) Deuteronomy 33:28 (poem), שְׁמֵיכֶם Leviticus 26:19; שָׁמֶיךָ Psalm 8:4; 144:5, י ׳שְׁמֵי Lamentations 3:66, ׳שׁ קָדְשׁוֺ Psalm 20:7. b. Elijah taken up ׳הַשּׁ in whirlwind 2 Kings 2:1, compare 2:11. 3 ׳הַשּׁ personified in various relations Isaiah 1:2; Jeremiah 2:12; Job 15:15; Psalm 19:2; 50:6 = 97:6; 89:6; 148:4. 4 ׳הַשּׁ מְלֶכֶת see ׳מ p. 573. I, II. שַׁמָּה see שׁמם. שָׂ֫מָּה see שָׁם. [שְׁמַ֫יִן] noun masculine plural heavens (Biblical Hebrew [שָׁמַי], שָׁמַיִם, √ שׁמה); — always emphatic שְׁמַיָּא: 1 visible sky Jeremiah 10:11; Daniel 4:8; 4:10; 4:17; 4:19; 4:20; 4:27; 4:28; שׁ ׳עוֺף 2:38; שׁ ׳צִמֲּרֵי 4:9; 4:18; שׁ ׳טַל 4:12; 4:20; 4:22; 4:30; 5:21; שׁ ׳רוּחֵי 7:2 winds of the sky; שׁ ׳עֲנָנֵי 7:13; heavens + earth = universe Jeremiah 10:11, where God shews signs Daniel 6:28. 2heavens as abode of God Daniel 2:28; 4:31, hence, figurative, as ruling 4:23 (׳שׁ sometimes = God in Late Hebrew, J, Aramaic, DWorte Jesu 179; Eng.Tr.218 f.); as abode of angels 4:32 (Dr); elsewhere in phrase שׁ ׳אֱלָהּ 2:18-19, 37, 44; Ezra 5:11; 5:12; 6:9; 6:10; 7:12; 7:21; 7:23 (twice in verse), שׁ ׳מֶלֶךְ Daniel 4:34, שׁ ׳מָרֵא 5:23. |